1、小升初英语总复习资料小升初英语常考题型一、听力1.听句子中的单词,或者直接听单词2.根据听到的内容选择相应的回答的句子3.选出与听到的句子相同意思的句子4.听短文,判断正误。二、语音:选出与画线部分相同的读音三、用所给词的正确形式填空四、单项选择五、把句子连成一段话六、完形填空七、根据图片内容,完成对话八、阅读理解:1.选出正确的答案。2、判断正误。3、回答问题。九、改错十、书面表达:作文2014小升初英语总复习一、英语国际音标(48个)元音(20个):单元音 长元音 a: : : i: u: 短元音 i u e 双元音 i u u au ei ai i 辅音(28个):清辅音 p t k f
2、 s h ts t tr浊辅音 b d g v z r dz d drm n j w l音标认读:新旧英语国际音标对照表二、名 词表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断,以免受误导。 1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”:a一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读s,浊辅音和 元音后读z。b以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:classclasses,bus-buse
3、s, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:iz。c以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:z。d以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;读音:z。e以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况1)有生命的+es 读音:z 如:tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) 无生命的+s 读音:z 如:photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数: ma
4、n-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese ,sheepsheep, deerdeer,2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bott
5、le of juice判断步骤: 如是am、is或was原形读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看be动词 如是are或were加s或es3、名词的格(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:a) 单数后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirtb) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 如: his friends bagsc) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 s childrens shoes 并列名词中,如果把 s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如: Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加s Toms and Mikes ca
6、rs 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of 名词”来表示所有关系:如:a picture of the classroom a map of China练一练:1、写出下列各词的复数。 I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ mango_child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ engineer_ peach_sandwich _ man_ woman_ leaf_ people_2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。(1)Ar
7、e there two ( box ) on the table?(2)I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.(3)How many ( day ) are there in a week?(4)Herere five ( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.(5)This ( violin ) is hers. Those ( grape ) are over there.三、冠 词冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面,分为“不定冠词”和“定冠词”两种。1、不定冠词:a、an。用在单数名词前,表示“一个,一件”。a
8、n用在以“元音音素”开头的单词前。如:an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour2、定冠词:the。用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那。它的基本用法: (1)用来表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如:The map on the wall is new. (2)表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。如:Look at the picture, please. (3)表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。如:This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful. (4)用在表示世界
9、上独一无二的事物前。如:the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the earth地球 (5)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:the Great Wall长城 (6)用在江河、湖海等专有名词前。如:the Changjiang River长江 (7)此外,序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词the。如:Johns birthday is February the second.the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class; in the morning / afternoon
10、/ evening 注意:确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。3、不用冠词的情况:(1)专有名词前:China is a big country. (2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers.(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.(6)球类 棋类运动前
11、:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus练一练:1、用a或an填空。_ “U”_ ice-cream _ goalkeeper_ teapot _apple_office _English book _umbrella _unit _ho
12、ur 2、根据需要,填写冠词a,an或the。(1)Who is_girl behind_tree?(2)_old man has two children,_ son and_daughter.(3)This is_ orange._ orange is Lucys.(4)He likes playing_guitar. We have_same hobby.(5)We all had_good time last Sunday.(6)She wants to be_doctor.四、数 词数词分为基数词和序数词两种。基数词是表示自然数列的词, 例如; one, two, three, fo
13、ur.序数词是表示先后顺序的词, 常在日期中出现。 例如: first, second, third, fourth区别:基数词前面没有“the”;序数词前一定要有“the”。一)基数词1)从112分别由从one到twelve,12个各不相同的词表示。one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve2)从1319均以后缀-teen结尾。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen3)从2090的整十数词均以后
14、缀-ty结尾。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety4) 21-99,表示“几十几”时,先说“几十”,再说“几”,个位和十位之间需加连字符。例:21 twenty-one; 32 thirty-two;43 forty-three .;23twenty-three,34thirty-four,45fortyfive,56fifty-six,67sixty-seven,78seventy-eight,89eighty-nine,91ninety-one5)101999,先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数
15、;例:586five hundred and eighty-six,803eight hundred and three6)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion例:1,001one thousand and one18,423eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three6,260,309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine750,000,00
16、0,000seven hundred and fifty billion二)序数词1)一般在基数词后加th例:.fourfourth,thirteenthirteenth2)不规则变化(112)onefirst,twosecond,threethird,fivefifth,eighteighth,nineninth,twelvetwelfth3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th例:twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth, ninetyninetieth4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。例:twenty-fir
17、st,two hundred and forty-fifth基数词转为序数词的口诀:1.基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.2.一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d.3.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。4.ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.5.若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。练一练:1、把下列基数词改成序数词。one- two- three- nine- fourteen- twenty- thirty-five-eighty-one- 2、补全下表基数词与序数词基数词:序数词基数词:序数词基数词:序数词1one 11eleven 2 two 12313304four 14fourteen 405
18、15fifteen 50fifty 6six 16sixteen 607seven 1770seventy 818eighteen 80eighty 9nine 1990 ninety 10ten 20twenty 100五、代 词代词有两种:人称代词和物主代词(小学阶段)。1、人称代词分为:第一、第二、第三人称,且有单复数之分。即人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语,一般用在动词前(疑问句除外);宾格在句中做宾语,多用于动词、介词后。注意:句子中同时有几个人称代词同时出现时,1)若人称代词为单数时,一般按第二人称、第三人称、第一人称的顺序。例:You,LiMing a
19、nd I go to school on foot.2)若人称代词为复数时,一般按第一人称、第二人称、第三人称的顺序。例:We,you and they wot give up this football match.3、物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,后面一定要跟名词,表示该名词是属于谁的。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如:This is my bag. = This is mine.区分:一般看后面有没有名词,如有,就用形容词性物主代词;如无,就用名词性物主代词。 请牢记下表:单数复数第1人称第2人称第3人称第1人称第2人称第3人称
20、人称 代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主 代词形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs练一练:1、按要求写出相应人称代词。I(宾格)_ she(形容词性物主代词)_ we(名词性物主代词)_ he(复数)_ us(单数)_ theirs(主格)_ its(宾格)_ 2、想一想,把下表补充完整。人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称meusour第二人称youyou第三人称hethemhis
21、theirheritits3、用所给词的适当形式填空。1)That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2)The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3)Is this _ watch? ( you ) No, its not _ . ( I ) 4)_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 5)_ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _
22、? ( you ) 6)Show _ your kite, OK? ( they ) 7)I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 8)Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they ) 9)Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we ) 10)_ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _is a nurse. ( she ) 1
23、1)Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they ) 12)Dont touch _. _is not a cat, _ is a tiger! ( it )13)_ sister is ill. Please go and see _. ( she ) 14)The girl behind _ is our friend. ( she )4、想一想,把下表补充完整。人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I(我)memy(我的)复数we(我们)usour(我们的)第二人称单数you(你)youyour(你的)复数you(你们)yo
24、uyour(你们的)第三人称单数he(他)himhis(他的)she(她)herher(她的)it(它)itits(它的)复数they(他们/她们/它们)themtheir(他们的/她们的/它们的)六、形容词、副词1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征,修饰名词;副词表示某一动作的特征,修饰动词(仅针对小学阶段)。2、形容词和副词有三种形式:原形、比较级、最高级。比较级:+er 最高级:the +est(一般情况下)1)形容词、副词的本来形式就是形容词、副词的原级。如:John is a tall boy.2)两者间进行比较用到形容词比较级。如:Jim is taller than John.3)三
25、者或者三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级。如:Mike is the tallest of the three boys.(形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)注意:两个重要特征:asas中间一定用原形,than的前面一定要+er。3、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下:(1)一般直接+er。如:tall - taller, fast - faster (2)单音节词如果以-e结尾,只加-r。如:late - later(3)重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须双写这个字母,再加-er。如:big - bigger, fat - fatter(4)以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er。如:heavy - heavier, early - earlier(5)一些双音节和全部多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成。如:beautiful - more beautiful, careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting(6)有些不规则变化的,须逐一加以记忆。good/wellbetterbest,bad/il
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