1、s形容词性物主代词在句中作定语,名词性物主代词在句中作主语、宾语或表语。My father is a teacher.我的父亲是一位教师。This is her book. Mine is on the desk.这是她的书,我的在书桌上。三、反身代词数第一人称 myself ourselves第二人称 yourself yourselves第三人称 himself, herself, itself themselves反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、同位语等,不能作主语,表示反射或强调。I want to talk with the teacher herself.我想找那位老师本人谈谈。S
2、he is not quite herself today.她今天不太舒服。四、相互代词相互代词each other/one another通常可以通用,表示“互相”,常用作动词或介词的宾语,不能作主语。We should care for each other and help each other.我们应该互相关心、互相帮助。五、指示代词指示代词具有指定的含义,可用来代替前面已提到过的名词,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。1this, that, these, those(1)this,these指代时间或空间上较近的人或物;that,those指代时间或空间上较远的人或物。其中,thi
3、s/that是单数,these/those是复数。This is for you, and that on the desk is for her.这个是给你的,桌子上的那个是给她的。(2)this/that都可指代前面提到的事或情况,但指即将要发生或建议提到的事物时,只能用this。I have no time to do it. That/this is my trouble.我没有时间去做,这就是我的问题。(3)that/those可以作替代词,代替上文提到过的同类但不同一的人或事物,表示特指,同时避免重复。The dress is cheaper than that on the sh
4、elf.这件衣服比架子上那件便宜。2such, so, the same(1)such可指代前面提到的人或物,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语,意为“这样”。与all, no, some, any, other, every, several, many等限定词连用时,such 要放在这些词后面。Such is my life.这就是我的生活。All such problems have been solved.所有类似的问题都得到了解决。(2)so代替整个句子或短语所表达的意思,表示“如此,这样”。常用在believe, think, expect, suppose, imagine, gu
5、ess等词的后面代替前面提出的观点,可用于肯定句和否定句中。Is she coming tonight?I think so./I dont think so.她今晚来吗?我认为她会来。/我认为她不会来。(3)the same单独使用时,指代刚刚提到过的一个人或事物。后面常跟as,用以引出所谈及的范围,as后可跟名词、代词或句子。Just do the same as I do.照我做的做就行了。六、不定代词(一)几组不定代词的区别1nobody, nothing, none, no oneno one, nobody表示“没有人”,意义相同,可用于回答who引出的问句。No one/Nobo
6、dy is here.这儿没有人。none表示“没有人;没有任何东西”,用于否定三个或三个以上的人或物,常与of短语连用,后接可数名词或不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词用单、复数均可。可用于回答how many/how much引出的问句。How many books did you buy last week?None.上周你买了多少本书?一本也没买。nothing表示“没有东西”,指事物,可回答what引出的问句。Nothing can change her mind.没有什么能令她改变主意。2each, everyeach强调个体,指两者或两者以上中的每一个,代替或修饰可数名词单数,可作主语
7、、宾语、同位语、定语等。Each student has a dictionary.每个学生都有一本字典。 each of后面的名词前必须有定冠词修饰。Each of the students has a dictionary.every强调整体,指三者或三者以上中的每一个,只能作定语。Every child enjoys toys.每个孩子都喜欢玩具。3either, neithereither指两者中的任何一个,可作主语、宾语等,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。Either of us has a book.我俩每人有一本书。neither指两者都不,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。Neither
8、 of my brothers likes English.我的两个弟弟都不喜欢英语。4all, bothall指三者或三者以上的人或物“都”,可与of连用,of后的名词前须有限定词。其中all指代可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数;指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。位于实义动词之前,系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。All is going well.一切进展很好。All are here.大家都在。both指两者“都”,可与of连用,of后的名词前须有限定词。both只能与复数名词连用,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。They both like coffee very much.他们两个人都喜欢
9、咖啡。5another, other的用法another“另外的,另外一个”,表示泛指,即没有整体范围。可单独使用,也可后接可数名词单数。I dont like this one; show me another, please.我不喜欢这个,请让我看看另一个。other可与the连用,单独使用或修饰可数名词单数,表示“(两者中的)另一个”或修饰可数名词复数,相当于the others,意为“其余的”;也可不与the连用直接修饰名词,相当于others,表示泛指意义,常用于some . others .结构。Dont trust other people.不要相信别人。Some student
10、s are reading, others are writing.一些学生在朗读,另一些在书写。There are two books on the desk. One is for Tom, the other is Jacks.桌上有两本书。一本是给汤姆的,另一本是杰克的。I often have different ideas from the others in my class.我的观点总是和我们班上其他人的不同。We should not speak ill of of other people behind their backs.我们不应该在别人背后说他们的坏话。(二)复合不
11、定代词由some, any, every, no与one, body, thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。 某 任何 每个,所有 没有人 someone/somebody anyone/anybody everyone/everybody no one/nobody物 something anything everything nothing(1)复合不定代词只起代词作用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Nothing is impossible.一切皆有可能。(2)形容词修饰复合不定代词时,须置于其后;复合不定代词后不可接of短语,但分开的some one, every one之后可接of
12、短语。Theres something wrong here.这儿有点毛病。Nobody else but I can help you.除了我,没人能帮你。You may tell any one of us.你可以告诉我们其中的任何一个人。七、代词的几个注意事项(一)代词it,one/ones,that/those的区别it 特指上文提到过的同一事物,不能带任何修饰语,复数用themone/ones 泛指前面提到过的同类事物中的一个,指代可数名词单数,其复数形式为ones,特指时须加thethat/those 特指前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词,指代单数可数名词相当于the one。
13、其复数形式为those,相当于the onesI bought a radio yesterday, but it didnt work well.我昨天买了一台收音机,但是不太好用。t like this computer. Will you please show me another one?我不喜欢这台电脑。能否给我拿另一台?The book on the shelf is better than that/the one in my bag.架子上的那本书比我包里的这本要好。(二)it的特殊用法1it用作形式主语或形式宾语,替代后面的不定式、动词ing形式或从句。New techno
14、logies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(四川高考)新的技术已经使更快、更低成本地生产新产品成为可能。The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.(山东高考)这两个小女孩如此相像,以至于陌生人很难辨别出彼此。It is a pity that you missed such a good lecture.你错过了一场这么好的报告真是可惜。在高考中
15、经常考查it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法,其他代词如that,this等不能作形式主语或形式宾语。2it的一些高频搭配,如make it“成功;确定时间为”;get it“明白了”;when it comes to .“当提到”等。When shall we meet again?Make it any day you like; its all the same to me.我们下一次什么时候见面?你喜欢哪天就哪天,对我来说都一样。When it comes to saving energy, big changes start with small steps, like turning o
16、ff the lights.当提到节能的时候,大变化从细微的行动开始,比如随手关灯。3表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it,构成一些固定结构,这类动词有like, love, hate, dislike, appreciate等。Id appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.如果你愿意教我如何使用电脑,我将不胜感激。应用落实体验 .根据提示补全下列句子1Mr. Alcott, headmaster of the school, refused to accept any (任何) of the
17、 three suggestions made by the Students Union.2There are many trees on either side ( both sides) of the street.3Neither (都不) of the two cars is mine. Mine is under repair.4All (所有的) horses are animals, but not all (所有的) animals are horses.5Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why me (非让我
18、去做)? John is sitting there, doing nothing.6How many people are there in the room?None (没有一个人)7Who is in the room?No_one/Nobody (没人)8Every (每一个) child in the class passed the examination.9Each (每一个) of the houses is slightly different.10The books on the desk are better than_those/the_ones (那些) under
19、the desk.用it作形式主语或形式宾语补全下列句子1我认为我们开这个会是必要的。I think it_(is)_necessary that we have the meeting.2努力劝他也没用。It_is_no_use trying to persuade him.3众所周知,在世界上中国人口最多。It_is_well_known_that China has the largest population in the world.4据说他们都去看电影了。It_is_said_that all of them have gone to the cinema.完成句子1His str
20、ange accent makes_it_difficult for the students to understand him, which annoyed him.(make)他怪异的口音使学生很难听懂,这让他很苦恼。2It_took_him_another_four_days before he finished the assignment.(take)又过了4天他才完成任务。3Youve been buried in your work for up to six hours. Its_no_wonder youve got a headache.(it)你已经工作6个小时了,难怪
21、你会头疼。4It_suddenly_struck_me that I might have met him somewhere before.(strike)我突然想起,我以前似乎在什么地方见过他。5All in all, plants in warm and wet areas grow_quicker_than_those in cold and dry areas.(grow)总之,在温暖潮湿的地方生长的植物比那些在寒冷干燥地方生长的植物长得更快。6Since my childhood I have found that nothing_is_more_attractive to me than reading.(attractive)我自儿时起就觉得没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力的了。
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