1、10.Protecting employees health and physical condition8组织人力资源的新方法新型人力资源服务团队:交易型人力资源服务:公司型人力资源服务:嵌入型人力资源服务:专家中心9影响人力资源管理的若干趋势全球化和竞争潮流、技术潮流、劳动力队伍和人口结构发展趋势、经济挑战、工作性质变化潮流、负债增加(“杠杆机制”)和管制放松10人力资源管理的重要趋势新型人力资源管理者高绩效工作系统管理伦理人力资源认证循证人力资源管理战略性人力资源管理Important Trends in HRM The New HR ManagersHigh-Performance W
2、ork SystemsManaging EthicsHR CertificationEvidence-Based HRMStrategic HRM(P18)重要词汇organizationmanagermanagement processhuman resource management (HRM)authorityline authoritystaff authorityline managerstaff managerfunctional authorityglobalizationhuman capital四、职位分析重点:职位分析的定义职位分析的步骤收集职位分析信息的方法编写职位描述书
3、编写任职资格说明书1职位分析一个确定这些职位所需承担的工作职责以及这些职位需要具有哪些特征的任职者来承担的过程。职位描述职位分析的成果之一,一份包含了职位职责、责任、汇报关系、工作环境和监督责任的清单。任职资格说明书职位分析的另一个成果,是一份包含了职位要求即教育背景、技能、个性等信息的清单。2收集职位分析信息的方法访谈法、问卷法、观察法、(日记、日志法)Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information:Interviews、Questionnaire、Observations、Diaries/Logs3职位分析的步骤决定你将如何应用信息审查相关背
4、景信息选择有代表性的职位实际进行职位分析核实所得到的职位分析信息编写职位描述和任职资格说明书4职位描述的编写职位标识、职位概要、指责和责任、任职者权限、绩效标准、工作环境、任职资格规范关键词job analysisjob descriptionjob specificationsorganization chartprocess chartdiary/logposition analysis questionnaire (PAQ) Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)job enlargementjob rotationjob enrichmen
5、tcompetency-based job analysis职位分析组织结构图流程图工作日记/日志职位分析问卷(PAQ) 标准职业分类(SOC)工作扩大化工作轮换工作丰富化以胜任力为基础的职位分析五、人力资源规划与招募人力资源规划的方法招募和筛选流程、招募的渠道招募广告的制作1人员需求预测预测工具趋势分析比率分析散点图Forecasting Personnel NeedsForecasting ToolsTrend analysisRatio analysisScatter plottingemployment (or personnel) planningtrend analysisrati
6、o analysisscatter plotqualifications (or skills) inventoriespersonnel replacement chartsposition replacement cardemployee recruitingrecruiting yield pyramidjob postingsuccession planningapplicant tracking systemsalternative staffingon-demand recruiting services (ODRS) college recruitingapplication f
7、orm雇佣(人员)计划散点分析任职资格(技能)数据库人员替换图职位替换卡员工招募招募产出金字塔职位公告继任计划求职者跟踪系统非常规性配员方式校园招募求职申请表六、员工甄选与测试1. 员工甄选的8种测试2. 工作样本与工作模拟方法测试的类型Cognitive abilitiesMotor and physical abilitiesPersonality and interestsWhat Different Tests MeasureCurrentachievement工作样本与工作模拟工作样本管理评价中心情境测试和视频情境测试直接衡量工作绩效小型工作培训与评价法背景调查和其他测试方式:背景调
8、查 测谎仪和诚实性测试 笔记测试 体检 药物滥用测试背景调查和推荐信核查以前的雇主现在的直接领导推荐信社交网站商业信用评级机构信息来源Former EmployersCurrent SupervisorsWritten ReferencesSocial Networking SitesCommercial Credit Rating CompaniesSources of Informationnegligent hiringreliabilitytest validitycriterion validitycontent validityexpectancy chartinterest in
9、ventorywork sampleswork sampling techniquemanagement assessment centersituational testvideo-based simulationminiature job training and evaluation疏忽雇用信度测试效度效标关联效度内容效度期望图兴趣测试工作样本技术情境测试视频模拟小型工作培训和评价七、面试甄选面试的主要类型影响面试作用发挥的主要错误结构化情境面试面试的方法结构化情景面试1.面试的基本类型甄选面试绩效评价面谈离职面谈面试的类型Selection InterviewAppraisal Int
10、erviewExit InterviewTypes of Interviews面试结构面试管理甄选面试的特点面试内容Selection Interview StructureInterviewstructureInterview administrationSelection Interview Characteristicscontent 甄选面试的类型非结构化(非指导性)面试结构化(指导性)面试面试的结构类型Selection Interview FormatsUnstructured (nondirective) interviewStructured (directive)interv
11、iewInterview Structure Formats提问问题的类型:情景面试、行为面试、工作相关的面试、压力面试Interview ContentTypes of Questions Asked:Situational interview、Behavioral interviewJob-related interview、Stress interviewExamples of Questions That Provide Structure:情景性问题、行为性(过去的行为)问题背景性问题、工作知识性问题Situational QuestionsPast Behavior Questio
12、ns、Background Questions、Job Knowledge QuestionsAdministering the InterviewUnstructured sequential interviewPanel PhoneinterviewsVideo/Web-assisted interviewsComputerized interviewsMassStructured sequential interviewWays in Which Interview Can be Conducted面试的公平就业机会问题避免面试过程中的歧视采用客观(与工作相关)的问题将面试的管理标准化采
13、用多种形式的面试EEOC Aspects of InterviewsAvoiding Discrimination in Interviews:Use objective/job-related questionsStandardize interview administrationUse multiple interviewers让面试更为有效的三个途径让面试更为有效:使面试结构化 注意你要评价的是哪种特征避免犯面试中的各种错误哪些错误会影响面试作用的发挥非结构化顺序面试小组面试电话面试What Can Undermine An Interviews Usefulness?视频/网络面试计
14、算机化面试集体面试结构化顺序面试进行面试的方法非言语行为和印象管理人特征的影响:吸引力、性别和种族unstructured (or nondirective) interviewstructured (or directive) interviewsituational interviewbehavioral interviewjob-related interviewstress interviewunstructured sequential interviewstructured sequential interviewpanel interviewmass interviewcandi
15、date-order error (or contrast) errorstructured situational interview非结构化(或者非指导性)面试结构化(或指导性)面试情境面试行为面试职位相关性面试压力面试求职者顺序(或对比)误差八、员工培训与开发难点:培训过程中的四个步骤如何确定培训需求培训技术的种类管理技能开发项目培训的步骤1培训需求分析2教学设计3培训执行4培训评估Steps in the Training Process1Needs analysis2Instructional design3Program implementation4Evaluation分析培训需
16、求任务分析:评估新员工的培训需求绩效分析:评估现有员工的培训需求Analyzing Training NeedsTask Analysis:Assessing new employees training needsPerformance Analysis: Assessing current employees training needs面试考官的疏忽行为影响面试有效性的因素第一印象(匆忙判断)不能准确把握职位要求求职者面试顺序(对比)误差和雇佣压力Nonverbal behavior and impression managementApplicants personal charact
17、eristicsInterviewers inadvertent behaviorFactors Affecting An Interviews UsefulnessFirst impressions (snap judgments)Interviewersmisunderstandingof the jobCandidate-order (contrast) error and pressure to hire绩效评价与工作相关的绩效数据观察访谈评价中心提供的结果个人日记态度调查测试Assessing Current Employees Training Needs培训方法在职培训学徒制培训
18、非正规学习(与同事合作)工作指导培训课堂讲授程序化学习视听培训技工训练(模拟驾驶)远程培训和视频会议电子绩效支持系统计算机辅助培训(文本、录像、图片、照片、动画、声音等)模拟式培训(开篇导入案例)网络培训(学习门户)终身学习和读写培训技术Training Methods(Team Work: 2/each team)On-the-Job TrainingApprenticeship TrainingInformal Learning(eg.Cooperate)Job Instruction TrainingLecturesProgrammed LearningAudiovisual-Based
19、 TrainingVestibule Training(eg.Driving )Teletraining and VideoconferencingElectronic Performance Support Systems (EPSS)Computer-Based Training (CBT)Simulated LearningInternet-Based (Training Learning Portals)(eg.Library)Lifelong Learning and Literacy Training Techniques在职培训方法:在职培训让一个人通过实际操作来学习如何完成一项
20、工作在职培训的类型教练或见习职位轮换特殊任务指派优点廉价通过实际操作学习快速的反馈The OJT Training MethodOn-the-Job Training (OJT)Having a person learn a jobby actually doing the job.Types of On-the-Job TrainingCoaching or understudyJob rotationSpecial assignmentsAdvantagesInexpensiveLearn by doingImmediate feedback程序化学习确定培训需求的方法专业化软件会做还是不
21、愿做?优点节省培训时间按照自己的速度进行学习迅速的反馈降低了受训者出错的风险实施管理技能开发计划聚焦管理技能的长期开发:评价公司的战略需求评价管理者的绩效开发管理者和未来的管理者Long-Term Focus of Management Development:Assessing the companys strategic needsAppraising managers current performanceDeveloping the managers and future managers管理开发技能管理人员的在职培训 :职位轮换、教练和顶岗、行动学习Managerial On-the
22、-Job Training:Job rotation、Coaching and understudy、Action learning其他管理开发技术脱产管理培训和开发技术:案例研究法、管理游戏、外部研讨会、大学提供的各种项目、角色扮演、行为模仿、企业大学、高管教练Off-the-Job Management Training and Development Techniques:The case study methodManagement gamesOutside seminarsUniversity-related programsRole playingBehavior modeling
23、Corporate universitiesExecutive coaches关键词:employee orientation trainingnegligent trainingtask analysiscompetency modelperformance analysison-the-job training (OJT)apprenticeship trainingjob instruction training (JIT)programmed learningelectronic performance support systems (EPSS)job aidvirtual classroomlifelong learningmanagement developmentaction learningcase study methodmanagement gamerole playingbehavior modelingin-house development centerexecutive coachorganizati
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