1、根据滞后位:A( R) =4 V J e- jkRCRdV 如图所示, 已知电流元yIdlaz= I Sdla S z= JCxA = I4-jkRel Rdlaz= Il e- jkRaz A = A cos在球坐标系 R z A = - AzsinAAza A = 0 IlA = - 4 cosAR = 4 3.aR1 RaR sinaR2 sin RARRA电偶极子的辐射场磁场由:H = 1 ( A) = 1 得: HR= H = 0H =Ile- jkR4R jk +1 sin 3. 电偶极子的辐射场电场由: H = E =jEE = 1 Ht j ER= -j 2R21 cosjE
2、4R -k 2 +jk +R2E = 0(1)近区场在靠近电偶极子的区域,当场可近似为kR 1 ,1/ R2 0, 1/ R3 0 ,Ile- jkR jk 1 ER = - j2 R2+R3 cosIl E = j 2 Ile- jkR k 2 jk 1 RE = - j4 - +2 + 3sinIl e- jkR R R R H = j 2 Ile- jkR jk4 1 sin R2 R R 辐射场电场和磁场与 R 成反比;E = j 2 j Il 电场和磁场的相位相同;电场和磁场在空间相互垂直; R平均坡印廷矢量不为零。平均坡印廷矢量不为零,表明有能量向外辐射,远区场又称为辐射场。小结: