考研英语终极命题人思路讲解讲义二Word文件下载.docx

1、Bviolent people have a strong desire to be happyCserious art is often contradictory with happinessDmusic is enjoyed by good and bad people alike例 4.What we forget-what our economy depends on us forgetting-is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.The things that bring the greatest joy car

2、ry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment.Today，surrounded by promises of easy happiness，we need someone to tell us that it is OK not to be happy，that sadness makes happiness deeper.As the wine connoisseur movie Sideways tells us，it is the kiss of decay and Noir.We need art to tell us，as

3、 religion once did，that you will die， that everything ends，and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.Its a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette，yet，somehow，is a breath of fresh air.32. According to the last paragraph，the author mentions the movie sideways to show

4、thatAHappiness can be found through pains and efforts.BHappiness comes when everything dies.CHappiness makes sadness deeper.DHappiness is not a good thing.例 5. Teaching was never a way to get rich，but it was long considered a solid and respectable middle-class occupation. Over the past few decades，t

5、hough，policymakers have chipped away at the economic and moral status of educators. The Reagan administration laid the groundwork with its seminal 1983 report “A Nation at Risk”. Among its recommendations are “more rigorous and measurable standards” for students and an “effective evaluation system”

6、for teachers.1.The “A Nation at Risk” report is mentioned to show that .Apolicies have become harsh on teachersBits long-lasting effect on the educational systemCteaching used to be a widely respected careerDteaching needs pragmatic assessing mechanismThis wasnt always so.The earliest forms of art，l

7、ike painting and music，are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward ， more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless，phony or，worst of all，boring，as we went from Wordsworths daffodils to Baudelaires flowers of evil.34. By citing the examples of poets Wordsw

8、orth and Baudelaire ， the author intends to show that .Apoetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicBart grows out of both positive and negative feelingsCpoets today are less skeptical of happinessDartists have changed their focus of interest例 7.Of all the components of a good nights slee

9、p ， dreams seem to be least within our control.In dreams，a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak.A century ago，Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears；bythe late 1970s，neurologists had sw

10、itched to thinking of them as just “ mental noise”the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat，regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.” And one leading authority says that these intense

11、ly powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control，to help us sleep and feel better ，“ Its your dream ，” says Rosalind Cartwright ， chair of psychology at Chicagos MedicalCenter.“If you dont like it，change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this vi

12、ew.The brain is as active during REM（rapid eye movement）sleepwhen most vivid dreams occuras it is when fully awake，says Dr， Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.But not all parts of the brain are equally involved；the limbic system （the “emotional brain”）is especially active，while the prefr

13、ontal cortex （the center of intellect and reasoning）is relatively quiet.“We wake up from dreams happy or depressed，and those feelings can stay with us all day.”says Stanford sleep researcher Dr.William Dement.35. By referring to the limbic system，the author intends to show .Aits function in our drea

14、msBthe mechanism of REM sleepCthe relation of dreams to emotionDits difference from the prefrontal cortex例 8.Science ， in practice ， depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments.Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravi

15、ty through the fall of an apple.Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall.But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbital motion of the moon and planets.What kept them in place? Why didnt they fall out of the sky? The fact th

16、at the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered thequestion he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens， the moon and the planets.36. The author wants to prove with the example of Isaac Newton that .Ainquiring minds are more important than scientific

17、 experimentsBscience advances when fruitful researches are conductedCscientists seldom forget the essential nature of researchDunpredictability weighs less than prediction in scientific research例 9.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold S

18、chwarzenegger and GarthBrooks，yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nations assimilative power.”37. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and GarthBrooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?ATo prove their popularity around the world.BTo reveal the public

19、s fear of immigrants.CTo give examples of successful immigrants.DTo show the powerful influence of American culture.例 10.Some advertisers think there is an advantage in acknowledging consumers scepticism. An ad for FirstBank， of Colorado，showed a new leather sofa and television in the middle of a sq

20、uare，with a large sign saying:“Free”.People strolled by，ignoring the bounty.A voice-over asks: “ What if free really just meant free? ” A second method is to drown the scepticism with humour: a depressing number of brands nowadays rely on chirpy talking animals.A third is todisarm it with honesty.In

21、 2009 Dominos launched a campaign featuring consumers talking about how awful its pizzas had been for the past 50 years.Then there is do-goodery: innumerable brands argue that the best way to save the planet or help the poor is to buy their products.38. What does the ad for FirstBank illustrate?APeo

22、ple usually tend to neglect the bounty of free.BSkepticism can be drown with humor method.CHonesty plays an important role to disarm skepticism.DAdvertisers would benefit from the admitting consumers disbelief.例 11.If that happens，passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products

23、， putting the reputation of the target company at risk.In such hijacked media case， the companys response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful，and the learning curve has been steep.Toyota Motor，for example，alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relativel

24、y quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign，which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.39. Toyota Motors experience is cited as an example ofAresponding effectively to hijacked media.Bpersuading customers into boyc

25、otting products.Ccooperating with supportive consumers.Dtaking advantage of hijacked media.例 12.All sorts of firms are changing theirinputs and processes and designing products that spare the environment，whilehelping suppliers do the same.IKEA，a Swedish retailer，will have invested orcommitted to inv

26、est 1.5 billion （$1.7 billion）in wind and solar power by theend of 2015，and the firm and its charitable foundation have just pledged afurther 1 billion to developing renewable energy and to helping people inplaces affected by climate change.Firms say that besides savings from greaterenergy efficienc

27、y they gain less quantifiable benefits from an enhancedreputation， a motivated workforce and the like.But big， disruptive investmentsin new energy sources or industrial techniques may take years to justify theircosts ， if they ever do.Is greenery paying off?The IKEA Company is mentioned to show that

28、Ait is crucial to invest in disruptiveand motivated workforce.Bthe company can earn much from theenhanced reputation.Cthe firms have made their producingmethod more sustainable.Dit is hard to tell the greenery ispaying off or not in years to come.例 13.But more deaths now happen in intensive-care uni

29、ts under closer legal and professional oversight，making doctors more cautious about testing the limits of what is allowed.And modern medicine means that dying is much more often prolonged.The case of Karen Ann Quinlan in 1976 thrust the issues into the spotlight.The parents of the young woman， who fell into a coma after drinking and taking Valium at a party， had to go to court to force her doctors to take her off a ventilator.