研究生英语考试Word文件下载.docx

1、4.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation, to make judgement wholly by their rules is the humour of a scholar. sloth:懒散 the humour of a scholar:学究 affectation :装腔作势 读书费时过多易惰，为财藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究态。5.They perfect nature ,and are perfected by experien

2、ce:for natural abilities are like natural plants,that need prunings bt study;and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large,except they be bounded in by experience. 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。too much at large:不着边际 6.Crafty men condemn studies

3、,simple men admire them,and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use;but that there is a wisdom without them,and above them,won by obvervation. 有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。Crafty 灵活狡猾 有一技之长 condemn 谴责 鄙夷 7.Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and

4、 take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse;but to weigh and consider. 读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可职位寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。Contradict 矛盾反驳 confute 反驳否定 take for granted 认为理所当然 weigh 权衡 8.Some books are to be tasted ,others to be swallowed ,and some few to be chewed and digested;that is, some books are to be

5、 read only in parts ;others to be read,but not curiously ;and some few to be read wholly,and with diligence and attention. 书有浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则需全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。digest 消化 diligence 勤勉 9.Some books also may be read by deputy ,and extracts made of them by others; but that woul

6、d be only in the less important arguments,and the meaner sort of books;else distilled books are like common distilled water,flashy things. 书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味矣。Deputy 代理人 distill 蒸馏 flashy 瞬间 淡而无味 俗丽的 10.Reading maketh a full man;conference a ready man;and writing an exact

7、 man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。充实 conference 会议 ready 机智 writing 笔记 exact 准确 11.And therefore ,if a man write little,he had need have a great memory;if he confer little,he had need have a present wit ;and if he read little,he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. cuning 狡猾 因此不常做笔

8、记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。12.Histories make men wise;poets witty; the mathematics subtle;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密subtile，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重grave，逻辑修辞（rhetoric）学使人善辩contend 13.Nay，there is also no stand or impediment in the

9、wit,but may be wrought out by fit studies;like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercise. Nay 更确切的说 impediment 妨碍 人之才智，但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅。一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。14.Bowling is good for the stone and reins;shooting for the lungs and breast;gentle walking for the stomach;riding for the head;and t

10、he like . 滚球利肾脏，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。15.So if a mans wit be wandering ,let him study the mathematics;for in demonstrations,if his wit be called away never so little,he must begin again. 如精力不集中，可令其读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散则须重演。Demonstration 示范 展示 never so非常 16.if his wit be not apt to distinguish or find d

11、ifferences,let him study the schoolmen;for they are cymini sectores.（过分讲究的人） 如不能辨异，可令其读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人， 17.If he be not apt to beat over matters,and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another,let him study the lawyers cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt. 如不善求同，不善以

12、一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。beat matters over 详细审查食物 defect 缺陷 不足 receipt 收据收条 处方 unit3 1. In my mid-teens,the shiny new mall on the outskirts of my hometown promised my best friend and me Friday nights and Saturdays full of bright neon logos,the sound of an indoor waterfall ,the scent of choc

13、olate chip cookies and plenty of fabrics to touch and clothes to try on. 在我十五六岁的时候，家乡郊区新开的一家明亮的购物中心，使得我和我最要好的朋友每周五晚上和周六都能看到许多明亮的霓虹灯招牌，听到室内瀑布的水声，闻到巧克力脆片饼干的香味，还可以摸摸各种面料和试穿一些服装。Outskirt 郊区 scent 气味 fabrics 纤维织物 2. Savvy retailers have watched the waning attention spans of people like me ,heeded competi

14、tion from technology such as the internet and realized the time dearth todays families are facing . 精明的零售商们已经看到，一些像我这样对购物越来越没有兴趣的人，也注意到来自因特网这样的科技竞争，并且了解到现代家庭所面临的时间不够用的问题。Savvy悟性，理解能力 retailer零售商 waning 减弱 heed 注意到 dearth 缺乏 4. The solution?retail environments that appeal to all senses not just taste

15、,smell and touch ,but also a sense of well-being ,community and the common sense of many solutions in place. 怎么解决呢,零售环境要迎合各种感觉的需要，不光是味觉，嗅觉和触觉，而且包括康乐感、群体感以及在一个地方就能解决许多问题的那种注重实际的感觉。Itinerary 旅行计划 entice 诱使，引诱 hectic 忙碌的 antidote 清除不愉快的事情 Curator 馆长负责人 dowdy 单调的不美观的 Unit5 1. They simply arent mature en

16、ough-physically or mentally-to put in the extensive training hours,deal with the stress on their bodies and minds, or cope with the publicity that accompanies athletics. 他们只是尚未足够成熟生理的和心理的去投入大量的训练时间，承受生理和心理上的压力，以及去应对随之而来的公众的关注。（随着专业运动而来athletics） 2. There can be no argument that it is fair to ask chi

17、ldren to devote the time necessary to master a sport ,to push their bodies with long hours on the track or in the weight room,or to have a nation watching when they come to bat with the game on the line. 让孩子投入必要的时间来掌握一项运动，让他们在跑道上或举重房里长时间的锻炼，或者是让全国观众观看他们现场直播的棒球比赛，这些都是合理的，此观点毋庸置疑。3. I know its cheaper

18、 for ESPN to televise the Little League World Series （LLWS） than a Major League Baseball game,and years ago ,when I first saw the LLWS on telecision ,I thought it was a great thing to do for kids. 我知道EPSN（娱乐体育节目电视网）转播异常LLWS（少年联盟世界棒球锦标赛）比赛的成本要低于转播一场高级职业联赛协会棒球赛，而多年前，当我第一次在电视上看到LLWS的比赛时，我就觉得这样做对孩子影响深远。

19、4. Make kids sports like the other sports on television and youll have 12-year-olds treating their teammates the way Terrell Owens and Kobe Bryant do ,treating their bodies like Rafael Palmeiro and Bill Romanowski ,paying more attention to the cameras than to the game, their friends,or their coaches

20、. 如果让孩子们的运动象电视转播的比赛那样，你将会让那些12岁大小的孩子们，如同泰勒欧文斯和科比布莱恩特那样对待他们的队友，如同拉费尔帕莱若何比尔罗曼斯基那样对待他们的身体，他们更关心的是媒体的宣传而非比赛，队友或他们的教练。Exempt 免除的 scrutiny 仔细的检查 eyebrow 眉毛 manipulate 控制操纵 misgiving担忧 Unit7 1. In 1901,Motor World magazine highlighted the subconscious appeal of the motorcar by alluding to its horse-like qu

21、alities:”To take control of this materialized energy, to draw the reins over this monster with its steel muscles and fiery heart_There is something in the idea which appeals to an almost universal sense,the love of power” 在1901年，世界汽车杂志通过暗示汽车的类似于马的品质来强调人们下意识地被汽车所吸引“去支配这种物化的能量，去驾驭这头拥有钢铁肌肉和炙热心脏的怪兽在这一普通

22、的感受中存在着对动力的爱。” 2. But it was one thing to rhapsodize about the individual freedom offered by the horseless carriage when there were a few thousand of them spread across the nation;it is quite another matter when there are 200 million of them. rhapsodize vt.狂热的说 但是，在全国只有数千辆汽车时，对这种由无马马车所带来的个人自由的疯狂描述是一

23、回事;当全国有2亿台汽车时，情况就完全不同了。3. The automobile retains its firm hold over our psyche because it continues to represent a metaphor for what Americans have always prized:the seductive ideal of private freedom,personal mobility,and empowered spontaneity. psyche灵魂心智 metaphor暗喻 seductive有魅力的性感的 mobility移动性 spo

24、ntaneity自发性 汽车强烈的控制了我们的心灵，因为它一直代表了美国人引以为荣的引喻:私人空间保密的诱惑，个人自由移动和汽车所赋予的自发行为。4. An interstate highway is not exactly a path to Walden Pond , nor does a BMW much resemble Hucks raft ,but Americans remain firmly committed to the open road even if only in our imaginations. resemble 类似 像 committed to 决心从事 洲

25、际公路的确不是通往瓦尔登湖池塘的路，宝马汽车业不像是哈克贝利的竹筏，即便那仅仅只在于我们的想象之中，但美国人仍坚定的乐忠于开阔的公路。Unit9 1. Whether it be to isolated beaches,tall mountain peaks,or the bright lights of a big city ,the idea of leaving everyday life behind and getting away from it all is a sirens song more and more of us find irresistible. Siren 迷人

26、女歌手 汽笛 irresistible 不可抵抗的 一走了之 无论是去远离尘嚣的海滩，直插云霄的高山，还是置身于大都会的璀璨登海之中，把繁琐的生活抛在脑后，彻底摆脱掉，这些都好似迷人的歌声，让人越来越无法自持。2. More travelers will certainly lead to some environmental degradation- increased pollution from transportation ,construction pf more facilities to house and entertain these visitors;and like a

27、herd of bulls in a china shop their sheer numbers can sometimes overwhelm a destinations carrying capacity. Sheer 完全的十足的 overwhelm vt.压倒淹没 游客量的增加必然会导致环境恶化来自于交通运输以及旅游接待设施的建造加剧了污染状况，如同莽撞的公牛闯进瓷器店一样，游客数量有时会超出目的地的承受能力。1. And while nature or ”eco” tourism is generally considered to have a lower impact tha

28、n mass tourism requiring less infrastructure and development even small scale use can damage the natural resources. Infrastructure 公共建设基础设施 较之于大众游来说，人们普遍认为自然或生态旅游对环境产生的影响略小一些因为它对基础设施及当地发展要求不高。2. Degradation of the corals of the Great Barrier Reef ,deforestation in the Himalayas and disruption of fee

29、ding and breeding patterns of wildlife in Kenya a national parks all serve as warnings to the potential dangers of uncontrolled tourism. Degradation退化 deforestation采伐森林 disruption破坏毁坏 serve as 起的作用 担任 大堡珊瑚礁的损害，喜马拉雅山森林的人为砍伐和肯尼亚国家公园野生动物喂养模式的破坏给尚不规范的旅游业存在的潜威胁敲响了警钟、 3. Whether people are interested in c

30、ulture ,relaxation ,adventure or health ,in the end the motivation is to break out of a routine and achieve some sense of bettering oneself. 不管是对文化的强烈兴趣，还是为了休闲放松，或者体验刺激，追求健康，归根到底，他们的出游冬季都是为了打破常规生活，实现某种意义上的自我完善。UNIT 3 有人说这世界是男人的天下，然而，根据市场调查公司NPD的研究，大多数购物和娱乐消费都是由女人做主的。Someone say its a mans world, but women