高考英语名词性从句专项复习文档格式.docx

1、 1That the eaund is truIt is true that the eaund 2. Wwill come hasnt been decidedIt hasnt been decided wwill注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 （注: if不可用来引导主语从句） When he will go to Americaxed. （Ixed when he will go to America.） Whoever leavlast should cldWhatever we do must bl常见的it作形式主语的结构 1）

2、It is a fact that he wa2）Iary that we do studgl）Iwn to all that light travelaight l）It seemed that he would基本句型结构常用词语 It is + 名词 + that从句 It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/ good news/that It is + 形容词 + that从句 Iary/strange/important/ble/likely/that这类主语从 句中,谓语动词常为（should）+动词原形 It is + 过去分词 + that从

3、句 It is said/reported/decided/known/ that It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It seemed/happened/doesnt matter/has turned out/that 二、it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如: It is aat you didnt glm. It doesnwu succeed&Ig that

4、 the murdla&Iat bwindow. 宾语从句的用法 句子结构： 主句 + 连接词（引导词） + 宾语从句 1.We believe （that）2.Do you know what he said just now? 3.I dont remember when we arrived 4.Lily wanted to know if /wgrandma liked the handbagwe shouldw we can d在think, believe, suxpect 等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。 I dont believe he will gWe

5、 dont exgI donan do it, can he?u /They donan do it ,do they? 在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, findar, feelIary that we take plwater every daIawad 表语从句的用法 在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。 Thats what we should dThat

6、s why I wau. The reaabsence was that I was illblook等动词后均可跟表语从句：uggat we should ggIagoing to rain 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。 It looks as if its going to raIt was because I got up la在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如: The trouble is （that）ll 注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The

7、 reason why he was late was that he didnt caarly bu同位语从句的用法 在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词 fact , news , ideaught , suggublation, belief, doubt, question dream advdecision等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词The question whether we needdo the work has not been discussed. 2.I have no idea wwill gThe suggat the plan （should） be delaye

8、d will be discussedw. 名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略. 同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开： Tgoes that William Tell killedg with an arrow. Word came thaam had won 九大热点问题同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1）.The news that the plane would taade everybody ha2）.The news thaading around the aat a heavg. 3）.The

9、suggat studuld leag practical is wdering. 4）.The suggat they adering is that studuld leag practical 同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处 从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词（相当于一个定语）。g. The news that our team has wal mauraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is really encouraging. （从句对“消息

10、”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。 引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。 e.g.1） Dad made aat he would buy me CD player if I passed the Engl（that 不充当任何成分） 2） Dad made aat excited allld（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）best answer 2.语序问题（名词性从句用陈述语序） 3.w的区别 I. Pleas

11、e tell me if/wu will glectuw. II. It all depends on wwill clear up. III. The quwlm is well wg. IV. Can you tell me wain has left? V. Wue remains a problVI. He doesnt know way. A.引导宾语从句，位于及物动词后 B.引导宾语从句，位于介词后 C.引导主语从句，放句首 D.引导表语从句，主语从句或同位语从句 E. 可与or not 直接连用 4.Whatthat的区别（在名词性从句中） I. Iaunnecessaak lo

12、udII. Hatisfied with what he has dIII. That he was ablade us haIV. This is what makes ud. V. The reason was that Tod had nevllion-pound note b 所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语汉语意义能否省略 What缺 什么；所的 东西、事情 否 that不缺 无意义 宾语从句中能省略 at引导名词性从句的省略情况 1）that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week mad

13、e us surprised. 2）宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略： （A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；Iaid,that Tom will（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时（或带两个以上宾语从句），that不能省； （C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉（很少在介词后引导宾从，只在except,but ,beside ,in 后才用。介词后一般用what,whether连接，不用 which， if连接）如： Evw what happened and tha

14、t she was worried. The reason lat she works harder thadWho / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别。 一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。 7.Where, when, why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。 Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。 8.“介词+who（m）引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的区别。 介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，

15、决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如： It was a ma_ would taA. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomev疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。 疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如： Whoever breaule must be punishedu cawhatever you l疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。 Whoever breaule, he must be punished, Whatever you do, you must do it well. no matt

16、er + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。 No matter what you do, you must do it well. No matter who breaule, he must be punished. w考点解析 【考点1】名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。 that 引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词；而what引导名从时，在从句中要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“什么”=all that或sth. thaThe mountalonger _ it used to be. A. which B. that C. what D. as 2.Tuch cha

17、nce _ Bill will recovuaA. that B. wuntil DThe thought of going bawas _appy while he was working abroad. A.that B.all that C.all what D.wu can only be sure of_ you have a; you cannot be sug _ you might guture. 2007 安徽卷 A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that Tips：定语从句引导词中，有that没有what。 【考点2

18、】名词性从句中引导词whether与if 的用法区别。 If 在名从中可以用在： 1.引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句 2. 当与or not分开使用时He wondered if / whether we will attendgWhether所有名从都可以_ the flight to New York will be delayed is _ Ially worried abouA. If ; whatB. Whether ; thatC. When ; thatD. Whether ; what 【考点3】“（should） + do” 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此

19、等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有: （1） Iary, （important, natural, strange, etc.） tha（2） It is suggested,（requestedd, desired, etc.） tha（3）一坚持（insist）、二命令（order，command）、三建议（suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（demand，dquire，request）。 （4） 主语是suggal, request, decision等表 “建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “（should） + do”。

20、 His suggat we （should） hold ag to discuss the quI advised that he _al abud that he _ quite wellA. be sent; was feelingB. was sent;be sent; feelD. should be sent; should feel 【考点4】名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。 Eg. They are teachers and dont realize _ to start and run a compaA. what take

21、s itB. whaakeC. what taD. what it ta【考点5】whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however可以引导名从和让步状从；no matter who / which / what/ when/ where / how只能引导让步主语从句。 Have a! Thanks. Ill telu from _ I get to bw evening. A. wherever B. every place C. whenever D. no matter w【考点6】that的用法at 引导从句小结 1.A moda

22、s bup in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. wat D. w2.Becauall _ you told me has been forgA. that B. wwhat D. aWwleted, the businessmad baat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of aA. which B. that C. what D. wIt is what you do rather than what you say _ maA. that B. what C. which DHis plan was

23、 such a good one _ we all agreed to aA. so B.what C. that D. a_ madl proud was _an 90%udents had been admittedunivA. What / because B. What / that C. That / what D. That / because 2that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略, 但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。 如：She said （that） she had ll and that her parents would

24、 find her a job. 3介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in，but后可用that引导宾语从句。 Tday, my brother drove his car dowat _ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. wwhat D. tha定语从句与同位语从句中that的区别，主要看that在从句中有没有语法作用。 定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以与 which 互换。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子

25、成分；而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。 例如：The football star Henry expressedat he wouldva again in 2008.同位语从句，从句就是hope的内容； Tball star Henry expressed is that he wouldva again in 2008. 定语从句，从句修饰hope，是“表达的”愿望。Itawe la

26、But I still remembbeliev_ we got lost on a rainy nigA. which B. that C. what D. w2. I still remember the big na_ld me when I was young. A. when B. that C. what D. w五年高考 A组 2012年全国高考题组 1.【2012浙江卷,4】I made alf_this yeaar in high school, would be dA. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how 【考点】名词性从句同位语从句 【答案】C 【解析

27、】that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。 2.【2012辽宁卷】34. The newcomer wlibraday and searcheduld find about Mark TwaA. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever 【考点】连词用法。 【解析】介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项 3.【2012四川卷,17】udy _ human brains wake compuA. when B. how C. that D. w【答案】 B 【

28、考点】本题考查名词性从句。 【解析】句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。 4.【2012江西卷,25】It suddenly occurredad lAwhetherBwhereCwhichDthat 【答案】D 【考点】考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。 【解析】it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had l。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。 5.【2012江苏卷,27】Tame around twag would bd. A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how 【考点】名词性从句-同位语从句 【答案】B 会议将被延期

29、的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。 6.【2012安徽卷,27】The la persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, bualimits will dependvA. where B. wat D. w【答案】B 【解析】首先把插入语generally speaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，but walimits 【作为句子主语】will dependv【考点】考查名词性从句。 7.【2012全国新课程,24】 It is by no means cleadent can do to endA. how B. wat D. what 【答案】D 【解析】此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的