英语答案校对和问答题参考答案.docx

1、英语答案校对和问答题参考答案Unit 3判断题第一题和选择题第一题（C选项）貌似矛盾。问答题：1、What are some of the characteristics of the British constitutional monarchy How has the English monarchy evolved gradually to the present constitutional monarchyA: the official head of state is the monarchy with traditional and symbolic power. The gov

2、ernment is elected by people and governs according to the constitutional principles. In ancient times, the monarchy ruled the country according to the ancient doctrine “Divine right of God”. At that time , monarchy had great power. In the medieval time , when the Kings own wealth couldnt cover royal

3、 expenses, he would try to persuade the Great Council to give him some extra money.By the 13th century, Kings widen the Great Council to raise more money. In this way, the Great Council came to include who were summoned by name and representatives of communities.The power of parliament became bigger

4、 and bigger over time. In the 17th century , the Civil War broke out which was rooted in a dispute of the power of the King and Parliament. The roundheads representing the Parliament defeated the royalists. But a restoration to the throne was achieved by Charles in 1660.In 1688, the King agreed to d

5、eclare that governing without the parliament is illegal in the Glorious Revolution.In 1689,the Bill of Right was passed by parliament which make sure the King would never be able to ignore the parliament.2、How did the doctrine of the “divine right of king”, according to the author, lead to the Civil

6、 War What do you know about the revolution of the 17th centuryA: It was held that the sovereign derived his authority from God not from his subjects. So the sovereign can do whatever he likes. But with the acquisition of power of Parliament , kings power was limited. The Civil war was rooted in a di

7、spute over the power of the king and parliament. there were two revolutions of 17th century: the civil war and the glorious revolution. The civil war was led by the roundheads that representing Parliament defeated the royalists. The roundheads succeeded in ousting the monarchy, Charles, in 1642 and

8、ruled for 18years before the monarchy, Charles , was restored.The glorious revolution happened in1688, when the king James also tried to govern without the consent of the parliament. Leading politicians and authorities of the church ask James son-in-law William of Orange, to replace him. In return,

9、William promised these representatives that he will declare that governing without the parliament consent to be illegal.In 1689 parliament passed the Bill of Right that the king would never be able to ignore parliament. 3、What is the history of English parliament What role did the parliament play in

10、 the civil warA:The term was first used officially in 1236 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns which the king occasionally summoned if he wanted to raise money. By the 13th Century, king found they could not make the ends meet by asking money from t

11、his quite small group, and so they widened the Great Council to include representatives of counties, cities and was in this way that the Great Council came to include both those who were summoned “by name”(the House of Lords)and representatives of communities(the House of Commons).The two houses exi

12、st today collectively we call them the Parliament.Parliament represents the community ,having no real political right ,and It was the effort to reassert the rights of Parliament that led to the civil war.4、Discuss the major characteristics and the main content of British constitutionA: Israel and Br

13、itain are the only two countries without written constitutions. The foundations of British Constitution are laid out in : statute law which are passed by Parliament.the common law : laws which have been written through common practice in courts. conventions : rules and practices which do not exist l

14、egally but are nevertheless regarded as vital to the working of government.5、Why does the author say that parliament is supreme in the British state What function does parliament have What role does the Queen (king) and Prime Minister play in British governmentA: parliament can change the terms of C

15、onstitution and there are not legal restraints upon it. First, It pass laws which is the most important oneSecond, It provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation.Third, It scrutinizes government policy, administration and expenditureFourth, It debates the major is

16、sues of the day. The Queen is the head of executives, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, commander of chief of the armed forces, a confidante to the prime minister. the prime minister is the leader of the party which wins the most supporters in the Commons. He form the gover

17、nment.6、What kind of institution is the house of Lords What role does it play in the British government.A: The house of Lords is made of the Lords Spiritual (archbishops and most prominent bishops of the church of England) and the Lords of Temporal (everyone else) peers speak and vote as individuals

18、 in parliament , not as representatives of the great interests of the country. Because the house of Lords is a part of the parliament ,it must agree to pass a given legislation before the legislation is put into effect.(课本40页第四段)Unit 71、（1）The purpose of school is to provide children with literacy a

19、nd the other basic skills they will to become active members of society. But the purpose of the British education system is also to socialize children. （2）开放题2、The controversies in education system reflect the deeper divisions in British society as a whole. Britain is a society in which social class

20、 is still very important: class inequality can be erased or continued according to educational policy. If you understand the importance of the relationship between education and social class, you can understand a great deal about British culture and society.3、（1）When the Germans began dropping bombs

21、 on British cities,750000 school children were “evacuated” to live in the countryside where it was hoped they would be safer. Schools were closed or used for war purposes and education continued in the countryside on an hoc basis. （2）more equality （3）The result was the 1944 Education Act which made

22、entry to secondary（middle）schools and universities “meritocratic”. In the 1960s,comprehensive schools were introduced all over the country, which ended the division between grammar schools. Entrance exams were abolished and schools were no longer allowed to let children “compete” for places.4、Univer

23、sities, reflecting the trend throughout the education system, have traditionallyvbeen rather elitist. Most students were from the middle classes, attended good schools, performed well in their A-levels and received a fully-funded placein a university.5、(1)The open University offers a non-traditional

24、 route for people to take university level courses and receive a university degree. People can register without having any formal educational qualifications. They follow university courses through textbooks, TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, residential schools and a network of study

25、centres. (2)开放题Unit 9I. TTFTT FFTTTII. CDBAA CBCAAIII. 1. reading newspapers2. national, daily3. quality4. the Guardian5. the tabloid6. censorship7. the British Broadcasting Corporation8. BBC One;BBC Two9. The tabloids10. The Financial Time11. The Official Secret Act12. Functions, cultureIV.1. quali

26、ty papersone of the categories of the national dailies which carry more serious, in-depth articles of particular political, reviews and feature articles about high culture. They are also referred as the broadsheets and their readers are generally a well-educated middle class audience.2. tabloidsa sm

27、all format newspapers with color photos and catchy headlines. Usually interested in scandals and gossip about famous people. 3. the TimesThe Times began publishing in 1785 and it is the United Kingdoms oldest daily newspaper.4. BBCThe British Broadcasting Corporation. Founded in 1927 as a public ser

28、vice radio station and later moved in television. Its Britain main public service broadcaster which has 2 channels.Questions1. Because for most British people, most day begin with a look at the morning newspapers. On an average day, 90% of Britons over the age of15 read a national or local paper. An

29、d in the evening, most Britons settle down to watch some television:96%of the population watch TV at least once a week.They provide people with information about political and social issues; provide weather reports; carry advertising; provide people a forum for people to express their views or seek

30、advice. But British media play an important role in engendering a national culture.2. British newspaper culture is unusual in the extent to which class educational differences are reflected in the newspapers people read. Although most newspapers are financially independent of political parties, they

31、 often express particular political views and most people will choose to read a newspaper which accords with their own fellings.Newspaper reading in America is a mainly middle-class habit, but in Britain the “lower classes” are also regulars.3. There is no particular state censorship, but many Briti

32、sh laws limit the freedom of the press. The media such as journal is also affected by the Official Secrets Acts, a legal act which stipulates that all government information is kept secret unless the government says it can be released.4. The BBC is funded by license fees and viewers must buy a license each year for their TV set. Because the BBC is funded by license fees, there are technically no commercials, although between shows there are trailers for upcoming shows and promotions for products associ