高考英语二轮复习高考押题专题02 代词讲学案Word格式文档下载.docx

1、Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。Each student may have an edictionary./Each of the students has an edictionary./The students each have an edictionary.每个学生都可有一本电子词典。二：some和any的用法1表示“一些”时，some常用于肯定句；any常用于否定、疑问或条件句中。If you have any questions, please ask me.2在疑问句中可用some，表示希望得到对方肯定的回答。

2、Would you like some coffee?3some可接单数名词表示“某一个”；any可接单数名词表示“任何一个”。I remember having read this article in some magazine.Here are three novels.You may read any.三：复合不定代词的用法由some，any，no，every加上body，one，thing构成的不定代词，叫复合不定代词。1some构成的不定代词一般用于肯定句，意为“某人或某物，重要的人或事”。Somebody is waiting outside.I have something f

3、or you.She thinks shes something since she won the prize.获奖之后，她觉得自己了不起了。2any构成的不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中，意为“随便某个人或物，无论什么人或物，什么人或物都可以”。Does anybody else want to go?There isnt anything in the box.If anyone wants to go on the trip, register here please!有时也用于肯定句中表示“任何人或物”。Anybody can work out that simple

4、maths problem.You can take anything you like.3no构成的不定代词意为“没什么人或物”。I know nothing about it.There is nobody here.4every构成的不定代词意为“一切人或物，每个人或物”。everything还可表示“最重要的人或物”。Everybody enjoyed themselves on vacation.She does everything to help her mother.Her son is everything to her.对她来说儿子就是一切。四：the other，othe

5、r，another，others，the others的区别the other/otherthe other可单独使用，特指两个人或物中的“另一个”；也可修饰名词表示“另外的”。other不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义another可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few复数名词”形式，表示“另外的（多少）”others/the othersothers只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some一起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用the othersHe is wil

6、ling to help others/other people.Twenty of the students in our class have been to Beijing. The other students/The others have not.Some of us like football, and others are fond of basketball.We need another five chairs/five more chairs.五：none，no one，nobody，nothing的区别none既可指人，也可指物；侧重数量，通常指三者或三者以上的人或物；

7、后可接of短语；作主语时谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；常用来回答由how many/much引导的疑问句How much money do you have?None.no one/nobody只能指人；是泛指概念，常用来回答由who引导的疑问句；不与of短语连用；作主语时，谓语动词用单数Who is in the room?Nobody./No one.nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念；常用来回答由what引导的疑问句What are you doing now?Nothing.考点六：替代词的用法和区别it替代前面提到过的同一个人或者物Have you found your pen?N

8、o, I havent found it.one/onesone用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an单数名词。其复数形式为onesI think this book is better than the one I read last time.These shoes are not good enough. Show me some better ones.that/thosethat用来替代前面出现的同类的名词，是同类替代，但并非同一个，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。指代单数可数名词相当于the one。其复数形式为those，相当于the onesThe weat

9、her in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter.考点七：it的用法1it可用于无人称句，表示自然现象、季节、时间、距离、环境等。It is getting warmer and warmer.It was already ten oclock when he arrived home.Its ten minutes walk from here to our school.s very quiet at the moment.2it可代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语。s important for us to

10、 learn a second language.We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.3熟记下列有关it的固定句型make it；get it；keep it up；see to it that；put it考点一 all, both, any, either, neither, none的辨析例1Its an eitheror situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do _.

11、Aothers BeitherCanother Dboth【解析】选D句意：这是一种二选一的情况，我们今年要么买一辆新车，要么去度假，但两者不可兼得。空格处表示部分否定，应用not . both，故选D。【变式探究】Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _ of them very much.Aeither BanyCeach Danother【解析】选A句意：我在纽约和芝加哥住过，但是我不喜欢它们中的任何一个。题干中提到“芝加哥”和“纽约”两个城市，根据转折词but可知，后面的意思应为“两个都不喜欢”，所以选A。【变式探究】Alth

12、ough Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life.Asome BneitherCnone Dall【解析】选C句意：虽然罗斯玛丽多年身患重病，但是她一点也没有失去对生活的热情。根据句意可知，此处表示“一点儿也不，一点儿也没有”，所以应用none。考点二 another, the other, （the） others, the rest的辨析例2 Recycling is one way to protect the environment; re

13、using is _.Aanother Bthe otherCone another Done回收是保护环境的一种方法；而重复使用是另一种。another表示“（三者及三者以上的）另一个”；the other表示“（两者中的）另一个”；one another“相互”；one“一”。【变式探究】To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _ of her colleagues.Athat BoneCones Dthose考点三 it, one, ones, the one（s）, that和those的辨析例

14、3 The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _ on the small ones.Aone BthisCthat Dit大街上的绿灯比小街上的绿灯亮得时间更长。that在此处替代前面提到的traffic，以避免重复。one泛指可数名词单数；this通常指代下文要提到的事情；it指代上文出现的同一事物。【变式探究】At our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this magazine.Athem BtheseCthose

15、Dones我们工厂里的一些机器与这本杂志里描述的那些机器很相似。空格处应用those表特指，替代前面出现的复数可数名词machines。注意题干中machines后有限制语described in this magazine，故不能用表泛指的ones，若选ones，则应在其前加上the。【变式探究】Half of _ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.Athese Bsome来自16个国家的受访人当中

16、有一半人说，在他们有最强烈的愿望和最恐惧的时候，他们首先想到他们最亲近的朋友。所以这里用those来指代前面提到的那些被调查的人。考点四 复合不定代词的辨析例4 _ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it.AAnybody BEverybodyCNobody DSomebody没有人能持续四十年把某件事做得很好，除非他热爱它。根据句意可知，空处应用Nobody。【变式探究】 This project requires close teamwork. _ will be achieved unless we work

17、well together.ANothing BAnythingCSomething DEverything这个项目需要密切的合作，除非我们通力合作，否则一事无成。根据句意可知此处应用表示否定意义的词语，故选A。1.（2017江苏）In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A.which B.its C.whose D.whom 【答案】C2（2017江苏卷） In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Pro

18、gramme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】分析句子结构可知，one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation是定语从句，先行词是the World Food Programme，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词purposes，所以用关系代词whose引导，故选C项。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。3 （2017江苏卷）In

19、 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.【解析】考查定语从句。先行词the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句中作定语，修饰名词purposes，所以用关系代词whose引导，故选C项。4（2017江苏） In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.1（2016新

20、课标，68）On my recent visit，I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _（it）mother.【答案】its【解析】句意：在我最近的一次参观中，可爱的三个月大的双胞胎中的一只被它的妈妈遗弃了。由后面的mother可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its表示所属关系。2（2016四川，68）By that time，the panda no longer needed _（it）mother for food.【答案】 its到那时，这只熊猫不再需要从它的母亲那里获取食物。此处用形容词性物主代词it

21、s修饰mother。3（2016浙江，3）In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from _ in the UK.【答案】that【解析】 句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不一样。这里指代前面的名词education system，所以用that。1.（2015浙江，12）How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just sh

22、ut it off without asking you?【解析】句意：如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目，这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了，你会怎么想。固定表达how would you like it if.，在此结构中it代替后面if句的内容。【答案】it2.（2015重庆，2）The meeting will be held in September, but knows the date for sure.会议将在九月召开，但是没人知道具体日期。句中的关键词为but，表转折，故nobody没有人，符合句意。【答案】nobody3.（2015陕西，13）To warm himself

23、，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the .为了让自己暖和起来，这个水手坐在火堆旁，光着脚，用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示两者中的一个，另一个，用one.the other.。【答案】other4.（2015四川，10）Niki is always full of ideas，but is useful to my knowledge.Niki总是有很多想法，但是没有一个想法对我的知识有用。三者或三者否定以上用none，可指人也可指物。【答案】none5.（2015天津，2）The quality o

24、f education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.【答案】that6.（2015福建，21）The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but contained any useful suggestions.这个研究组发布了以调查为基础的两个报道，但是都没有有用的建议。考查代词。根据句意，两者都不用neither。【答案】neither1. （2014安徽卷）24You can ask anyone for help. he

25、re is willing to lend you a hand.A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone【考点】考察代词词义辨析【解析】本题查看的是代词的词义辨析。One某一个人/物（指代可数名词单数，表示泛指）；no one=nobody没有人；everyone每个人（强调全体）；someone某个人。句义：你可以向任何一个人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。根据句义可知本句中的everyone强调所有人都愿意帮助你。故C正确。2.（2014江苏卷）34. Good families are much to all their members, but

26、to none.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing【解析】本题考察的是代词词义辨析。Something某些事情，重要人物；anything任何事情，一些事情；everything一切；nothing没有东西；没有事情；无关紧要的东西；优秀的家庭对她的成员们来说意味着许多，但并不是一切。根据句意可知本句使用everything一切符合上下文含义。3.（2014山东卷）4. Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. her 【考点】考察it用法 4. （2014四川卷）1. Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.A. both B. neither C. none D. either【答案】B【解析】both表示“两者都”（作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，也可以用作同位语）；neither通常辨析两者之间的全部否定（相当于not either）；none通常三者及以上的全部否定（有特定范围限制）；eit