定语从句Word文档格式.docx

1、Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen先行词为passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。5（2013辽宁，34）He may win the competition，_he is likely to get into the national team.Ain which case Bin that caseCin what case Din whose case两分句间无连词，故排除B项（不能用作连词，in this/ that case用于并列句中）。此处which指代前面主句，in which case引导定语从句用语替代并列句中的in this/ that

2、 case。句意：他可能赢得这场比赛，如果这样的话，他就可能进入国家队。6（2013陕西，16）_ is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.AIt BThat CWhat DAs此处as引导的定语从句位于主句之前，指代整个主句内容。正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好了。7（2013四川，9）Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment_they live.Awhat Bwhich Cwhen Dwh

3、ere此处先判断从句类型为定语从句，先行词为the environment，定语从句中live为不及物动词，因此不缺少主干成分，应填关系副词；且先行词environment指地点，故用where，相当于in which。8（2013天津，6）We have launched another manmade satellite，_is announced in todays newspaper.Athat Bwhich Cwho Dwhat此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句。我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。故答案选B。9（2013新课标，4）When I

4、arrived，Bryan took me to see the house_I would be staying.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhich定语从句中stay为不及物动词，故不缺主干成分，用关系副词；先行词为house，指地点，故用关系副词where。答案C10（2013重庆，24）John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of _ are family members.A them Bthat Cwhich Dwhom先行词为40 people，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之后不能用that，应予以

5、排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。自查自纠表题号12345678910得分考点正误思考我的盲点：我将_。【典例1】 That evening，_ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.（2012全国，8）Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen解析句意：稍后我会告诉你更多关于那晚的事，结果是那晚我工作到很晚。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为that evening，将先行词代入定语从句后为：I will tell you more about that evening

6、 later.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作about的宾语，且表示“物”，故用which引导。本题易误选D项，考生只看到先行词为表示时间的名词，但没有注意先行词在定语从句中的功能。【典例2】 It is the third time that she has won the race，_ has surprised us all.（2012陕西，14）Athat Bwhere Cwhich D what这是她第三次赢得比赛，这令我们所有人都感到惊讶。逗号前面的整个句子为先行词，关系词在定语从句中充当主语，故选择C项。【典例3】 The house I grew up _ has been ta

7、ken down and replaced by an office building.（2009江西，26）Ain it Bin Cin that Din which那所我在里面长大的房子已经被拆掉，取而代之的是一座办公大楼。此题考查定语从句。从句中的谓语动词为不及物动词短语，省去的关系代词that/which在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，in the house在定语从句中作地点状语。1As a child，Jack studied in a village school，_ is named after his grandfather.（2010新课标全国，24）Awhich Bwher

8、e Cwhat Dthat小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。先行词是a village school，代入定语从句后为：The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which引导。2After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，_ turned out to be a wise decision.（2010四川，10）Athat Bwhich Cwhen

9、Dwhere大学毕业之后，我花费了一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。分析句子结构可知第二个逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，排除A项；定语从句缺主语，排除C、D两项；先行词是空格前的内容，所以B为正确答案。3Theyve won their last three matches，_ I find a bit surprising actually.Athat Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛，我发现这确实有点令人惊讶。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是前面整个句子，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作find的宾语。口诀一则that，which代表物

10、，区别且听我来述；先行若是不定代，that就把which踹；先行词前有两数，就用that定无误；先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑；句中若有there be，that应把which替；先行主中作表语，避免重复从句里。【典例4】 I wish to thank Professor Smith，without _ help I would never have got this far.（2012天津）Awho Bwhose Cwhom Dwhich解析考查非限制性定语从句。我想感谢Smith教授，没有他的帮助我不会取得这样的成绩。从句中的help是名词，与Professor Smith是所属关系

11、，故用whose。【典例5】 The old temple _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.（2010陕西）Awhere Bwhich Cits Dwhose先行词The old temple和定语从句中的主语roof是所属关系，所以要用关系代词作定语。关系代词作定语时可用“whosen.”，“then.of which”或“of whichthen.”三种结构，此题中采用的是第一种结构。若用另外两种结构，应该是the roof of which或of which the roof。4（2011新课标全国）The prize

12、will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.Athat Bwhich Cwhose Dwhat先行词the writer与定语从句的主语story之间为所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导定语从句。5（2010山东）Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.解析考查定语从句的关系词。代替指物的先行词the new machine，且在从句中作定语，所以用whose。那是台新机器，它的零件小得都看不到。1whose引导的定语从句whose在定语从句中作定语，

13、后面要接名词，其含义是“（先行词）的”。whose既可以指人也可以指物。（1）表示物时相当于“the名词ofwhich”或“ofwhichthe名词”。（2）表示人时相当于“the名词ofwhom”或“ofwhomthe名词”。2whose引导的定语从句与并列句的区别whose引导的定语从句易与含有物主代词its，their的并列句混淆。如：China has the 3rd longest river in the world，whose name is the Yangze River.（定语从句）China has the 3rd longest river in the world，a

14、nd its name is the Yangze River.（并列句）【典例6】 Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.（2012重庆）Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhere解析where引导定语从句并在从句中作状语，相当于in which，即in the position。【典例7】 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator，_ it will keep for two

15、 or three weeks.（2011安徽）Awhen Bwhich Cwhere Dwhile无论剩下什么东西，都可以放入冰箱中，在那儿可以保存两三个星期。“where it will keep for two or three weeks”是定语从句，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。福建，24）Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere解析where相当于in which（in the situation）。把孩

16、子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们是有益的。北京，26）What do you think of teaching，Bob?I find it fun and challenging.It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting.Awhere Bwhich Cwhen Dthat解析考查关系代词的选用。where引导定语从句修饰job，where相当于in which（in the job）。我认为它有趣并且充满挑战。它是一项严肃而有趣的工作。不是地点胜似“地点”“模糊化的地点”要用关系副词whe

17、re高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“模糊化的地点”。事实上，对于where这个词不能只理解为表地点。当先行词是表示某物的situation/case，到了何种地步（point），或某事物所发展的阶段stage，或表达某事的某个方面（scene）时，都可用where。They have reached the_point_where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers wher

18、e consumer complains have resulted in changes in the law.（wherein the cases）消费者的抱怨导致法律的改变的案例将在本章稍后向读者介绍。这些不是地点胜似“地点”的名词的归属问题即当不当“地点”看是解答这类定语从句的关键。【典例8】 The air quality in the city，_ is shown in the report，has improved over the past two months.（2012福建，23）Athat Bit Cas Dwhat正如报告中所表明的，城市空气质量在过去两个月里已经得到

19、改善。考查由as引导的非限制性定语从句。分析题干可知，is shown in the report是非限制性定语从句，因为代词that，it和what不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以排除A、B和D项，答案为C项。【典例9】A lot of language learning，_ has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents should talk much to their children during that period.（2012安徽，29）Aas Bit Cwhich Dthis正如人们所发

20、现的那样，许多语言学习是在生命的第一年进行的，所以在那个时期父母应该多跟孩子说话。考查非限制性定语从句中关系代词的选用。根据句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为一个句子（即A lot of language learning is happening.），先行词在定语从句中作主语。当定语从句为被动语态时，常用as作主语来引导定语从句；如果从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般用which作主语。故答案为A项，as意为：正如。8The number of the audience，_ we had expected，was well over one thousand.Awhom B

21、who Cwhich Das正如我们所预料的，观众的数量远远超过了1,000人。as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别在于：as有“正如”、“好像”的意思，在句中的位置比较灵活，可以放在句中、句首或句末；which只能放在主句之后，且没有“正如”、“好像”的意思。根据题意答案为D。9The man showed us such a heavy stone _ no one could lift it.Athat Bas Cwhich Dand那人给我们展示了一块没人能搬起来的大石头。as引导的定语从句中，as要么作主语，要么作宾语，而该句中lift后有宾语it，所以不能选择as，该题属于

22、such.that状语从句，that只作连词，不作成分。as引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式（1）其中关系代词as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。We have found such materials as are used in their factory.我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。（as作主语）These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.这些房子以人们预料的那样的低价出售。（as作宾语）He is not the same man as he was.他和过去不同了。（as作表语）注意：such.a

23、s.引导的定语从句与such.that.引导的状语从句的区别：第一个句子中as引导的是定语从句，因为从句中缺成分；而第二个句子中that引导的是状语从句，从句中不缺任何成分。（2）.such as.such为代词，意为“这样的人或物”，as在从句中作成分，修饰先行词such。This book is not such as I expect.这不是我想要的书。（as作宾语）【典例10】 Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered.（2012湖南）Awhat

24、 Bin what Cwhich Din which分析句子结构可知“_ even the small details of life should be considered”是定语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用in which。【典例11】 Julie was good at German，French and Russian，all of _ she spoke fluently.（2011Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dthat先行词为物，且关系代词用在介词后面，故应用which。Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三种语言她说得都很流利。【典例12】 She showed th

25、e visitors around the museum，the construction _ had taken more than three years.（2011江西）Afor which Bwith which Cof which Dto which她带着游客参观了这个博物馆花了三年多才建成的建筑。the construction of（的建筑），which指代the museum。10（2010上海）Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.Aon which Bby which Cto which Dfrom which解析考查“介词which”引导的定语从句。表示“重新回到上”要用return to。which替代的是先行词“an ancient source of energy”。风能是一种古老的能源，在不久的将来我们可能要重新利用这种能源。11（2009陕西）Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.Aof which Bwith whichCabout which D