专题介词及其短语Word格式文档下载.docx

1、00 _ the morning.Ain; at Bat; in Cin; in Dat; on3She went _ the street to make some purchases.Aacross Bthrough Cover Dabove4How do you study English?I study English _ talking with my foreign friends.Aby Bin Cat Don 三、知识梳理+经典例题Part 1:（35 minutes）一、 表地点或方位介词1at/in/on（1）at 用于小地点前。（2）in用于大地点前。（3）on表示“在上

2、面（有接触面）”，表示两地接壤。2between/among（1）between表示“在两者之间”。Dont sit _ the two girls.不要坐在这两个女孩中间。（2）among表示“在三者或三者以上人或物之间”。The village lies_ hills.这个村庄坐落于群山之间。3across/through（1）across强调从表面穿过。Go_ the bridge, and you will find the park.穿过这座桥，你就会找到公园。（2）through强调从一定的空间内穿过。The river runs _ the city.这条河流经这座城市。4ove

3、r/above（1）over强调在某一物体的正上方，其反义词为under。There is a bridge _ the river.河上有座桥。（2）above强调在上方，但不一定是正上方，其反义词为below。The average temperature here in summer is well_ 30.这里夏天的平均温度远远超过30。二、表时间的介词1in/on/at（1）in用在世纪、年份、季节、月份，不特定的上、下午和晚上等词前面。It often rains _ July.七月份经常下雨。（2）on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上、下午。She was born_ the mo

4、rning of May 10th.她出生于五月十日的早晨。（3）at表示在某个时刻或者某个瞬间。I usually get up at 6：00_the morning.我通常早上六点钟起床。2 after/in/ before（1）“after（具体时刻/从句）”表示“在时刻之后”，常用于过去时。He said that he would be here _ 5：00.他说他五点钟之后会来这儿。（2）“in（一段时间）”表示“在（多久）之后”，常用于将来时。My mother is coming back from England _about a month.我母亲大约一个月以后从英国回

5、来。（3） “before”早于，在之前The new road will be completed _ the end of the year.3by/until/till（1）by表示到什么时候为止动作已经完成，常用于完成时。Can you repair my bike _ Saturday?星期六之前你能修好我的自行车吗？（2）until表示动作持续到何时。We must work here_ ten oclock.我们必须一直在这里工作到十点钟。（3） “till”意义与until相同He works from morning _ night, day after day.4since

6、/for/from（1）“since（具体时刻/that从句）”表示“自从起一直到现在”。Uncle Li has worked in this factory _ 2000.李叔叔自从2000年起就在这家工厂工作了。（2）“for（一段时间）”表示“有之久”。Uncle Li has worked in this factory _ over 10 years. 李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了十多年。（3） “from”后接时间点，表示行为或状态的起始点，而不涉及其持续时间的长短；My younger sister began to learn dance _ the age of five.

7、我的妹妹从5岁开始学习舞蹈。5. during/through/over（1） “during”指某个动作或状态在某个时间里或整个过程中断断续续地发生过多次，或者在整个时间段里的某一点发生过，起止时间比较明显。He often falls asleep _the class.课上他常常打鼾。（2） “through”在期间；从.开头到结尾（所指时间包括在内，此时与through相同）Tom bore up well under the strain of supporting his family_ his fathers illness.在他父亲生病区间，汤姆坚持地顶住了养家的压力。（3）

8、“over”在做什么的期间We had a pleasant chat _a cup of tea.我们一边喝茶一边愉快地聊天。三、表工具、手段、方式的介词1.by/in/on（1）By不涉及交通工具的名词时，名词前不带冠词，by sea, by water, by land, by air等（2）By涉及交通工具的名词时，名词需要用单数，其前面不加任何冠词和修饰词。By bike, by taxi, by plane, by ship/boat, by train, by spaceship（3）当旅行方式涉及特指的交通工具时，用on 或in，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰词。如：

9、travel to New York, on this plane, go to school by bike.2.with/in（1）with 用于有形的工具或身体的某些器官之前，其后的名词都被冠词、物主代词等修饰。We see with our eyes, hear with our ears, and walk with our legs.我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用脚走路。（2）in 用原料、颜料、语言、钢笔、铅笔等；用大小写字母。Please answer me in English.请用英语回答我。Please write in capital letter。请用大写字母写。（3）注

10、意一下固定短语On/over the telephone/radio通过电话广播用这种、那种方式In this/that wayBy this/that way With this/that methodPart 2:（25 minutes）四、表原因的介词1.With多用于表示情绪的形容词或身体动作或状态的动词之后，表示某种心理或心理状态的原因。2.For多与表示感情的抽象名词或动名词及reason，famous等词连用。3.From常接抽象名词，表示自然或者间接的原因。4.Of用于某些形容词之后，后接与感情相关的人或事。5.Over常用于带有感情色彩的动词，如cry，quarrel，lau

11、gh，sigh等词之后，叙述发生事情的原因。Her face went red with anger.她气得脸都红了。The West Lake is famous for its scenery.西湖以它的景色而闻名。五、表支持和反对的介词Against表“反对”指在观点或主张方面与某人采取对立态度。Against表“依靠，逆着，相反，在.的衬托下，与.比赛”For 指在观点或主张方面与某人采取一致的态度，“支持，赞成”，与in favor of 同义。六、其他常考介词用法By的一些用法：（1）表示“不迟于（某时间）”的意思We have to be home by ten oclock.我

12、们10点钟之前得到家。（2）表示“在.期间（一段指明的时间）”的意思。They decided to travel by night.他们决定夜里进行。（3）表示触及或抓住人体或物体的某一部分。He seized me by the arm.他抓住了我的胳膊。（4）表示“由于.;凭借.”的意思。He succeeded by hard work.他由于努力工作而成功了。（5）含有“以.的幅度，差.的”意思This one is shorter than the other by three inches.这一个比另外一个短三英寸。（6）表示买卖东西所按以计算的数或量，或付酬所按以计算的时间。M

13、ilk is sold by the print, butter by the pound, and eggs by the dozen.牛奶论品脱卖，黄油论磅卖，鸡蛋论打卖。（7）表示“按照.”或者“根据.”的意思。By my watch, the time is half past eleven.按照我的表，现在十一点半。With 的用法：（1）表示“和.在一起，和，跟，同”的意思Mr. and Mrs .Smith were there, with their three small children.史密斯夫妇带着三个年幼的孩子都在那儿。（2）表示两种事物之间的相应关系或齐头并进的意思

14、。With time passing by, they have grown into boys and big girls.随着时间的流逝，他们都长大成小伙子大姑娘了。（3）表示“带有”表伴随的意思。The waiter arrived with a cup of coffee.服务员端着一杯咖啡来了。（4）引导一个表示方式的状语附加语。The stranger spoke with a foreign accent.那个陌生人说话带国外口音。（5）表原因或理由It is very stuffy in the room, with all the windows closed.由于所有窗户都

15、关着，屋子里非常闷。七、含有介词的重点短语在家 at home在学校 at school在工作 at work立刻 at once在晚上 at night 在一年中不好的时节 at a bad time of the year 在的尽头 at the end of在的开始 at the beginning of 到达 arrive in（at）同意某人 agree with sb. 擅长 be good at 对有害处 be bad for 充满 be full of 确信 be sure of/about习惯于 be used to对某人要求严格 be strict with sb. 对某事

16、要求严格 be strict in sth. 忙于做某事 be busy with sth. 迟到 be late for 生某人的气 be angry with sb. 对某人感到满意 be pleased with sb. 对感兴趣 be interested in 与不同 be different from以为骄傲 be proud of 对感到厌烦 be tired of 赶上 catch up with 依靠 depend on 在方面做得好 do well in充满，装满 fill with 听说 hear of收到的来信 hear from在某方面帮助某人 help sb. wi

17、th sth.在的前面 （外部）in front of 在的前面（内部） in the front of 在户外；在野外 in the open air 最后，终于 in the end 匆忙，急忙 in a hurry 在阳光下 in the sun事实上 in fact 处于困境中 in trouble 看 look at 寻找 look for照顾，照看 look after/take care of 检查 look over 与交朋友 make friends with 在某人回家的路上 on ones way home展出 on show/display究竟，到底 on earth

18、在顶部 on the top of 另一方面 on the other hand 值日；值班 on duty 步行 on foot四随堂练习（25 minutes） 一、.用适当的介词填空1It is great_ us to get so many books on International Childrens Book Day.2Alan bought a big house _ a nice garden.3Taiwan is _ the southeast of China.4Its very kind _ you to help me with my lessons.5I borr

19、owed some money _ my friend to buy a camera. 6A little monkey is playing_a tree and there are a lot of bananas_ it.二、专项练习（）1. When is Lang Langs concert?Its_ three oclock_the afternoon of December 18th.Aat; in Bat;Con; in Din;（）2. Is the wine made _ grapes?Yes, its made _ France.A. of; in B. from; i

20、n C. from; by D. of; as（）3. For many Western people, they drink cold water even_winter.Aon Bfor Cat Din（）4. The blind man walked across the street _ the help of a boy.Aby Bat Cin Dwith（）5. Dont be late _ class! We must be on time.Afor Bto Cin（）6. Everyone wants to win. But _ me, the most important t

21、hing is to learn something new and have fun.A. as for Bthanks to C. instead of Dsuch as（）7. Did you have a sports meeting yesterday?No, we didnt. It was put off _ the heavy rain.A. instead of B. because of C. as for D. across from（）8. Could you tell me the way _ the railway station?Go along this roa

22、d and soon youll find it.Aat Bto Cin Dbetween（）9. This problem is far _ me. Im afraid I cant work it out.Dont worry. We will help you.Abeyond Bbeside Cbehind Dbetween（）10.It was really helpful _ him to take the cat to the animal center _ a rainy night?Aof; on Bof; atCfor; on Dfor;（）11. Mum always te

23、lls me that nothing can be learned _ hard work.A. with B. by C. for D. without（）12.Xiao Jie is a good friend indeed. He is always there whenever I am_I think so. He is just like the cute Baymax（大白）Ain trouble Bin styleCin order（）13.This photo reminded the old man _ the days when he was young.Awith B

24、for Cby Dof（）14. Sam likes trekking _the jungle, because he thinks its exciting.Aover Bunder Cacross Dthrough（）15. You can improve your English _practicing more.Aby Bwith Cof Din（）16. Its bad manners to laugh _ others when they are_ trouble. in Bover;Cwith; on Dto; with（）17. What time will you be ho

25、me?I dont know. It depends _ the traffic.Aof Bon Cfor Dfrom（）18. I wrote _ my brother last Saturday, but I havent heard _ him up to now.Afrom; to Bto; ofCto; to Dto; from（）19. Jackie Chan and Jet Li have much _. And they often play similar roles in the movies.Ain general Bin style Cin common Din shape（）20. Yesterday I downloaded a new program_the Internet. Now I can watch TV and movies _ my computer.A. from; on Bwith; inC. in; with Don;五、归纳总结 （10 minutes） 认真思考下列问题： 1、通过本堂课的学习我收获了什么？在知识点标题上画“”2、我还有哪些没有解决的困惑？ 在知识点标题上画“” 六、课后作业 家长签字： 学生签字： 课后反思：