高中英语阅读理解专题讲座 及强化训练Word格式文档下载.docx

1、二、专题讲座（一） 解题技巧1、审核标题，抓住中心标题是主题的高度浓缩和凝聚，它能给予考生启示和想象。这样有利于对短文的理解，能提高做题的效率。2、通读全文，掌握全貌快速通读全文，并边看边思索，用铅笔做些重点圈划。这样一遍读完，即可掌握文章的脉络。3、浏览答题，明确要求凭第一遍的阅读记忆勾出一些表层题的答案，对一些一时无法下结论的题目，做出记号，重点突出。4、读懂问题和选项，不被局部正确所迷惑读懂问题主要是明确该题具体考查什么。选项中的每个词都不能马虎。4、带着问题，重读短文，仔细研究，逐一解答这次应带着明确的目的阅读，从中找出答案，以解决上述遗留的问题。5、复读全文，仔细核对待做完题目后，考

2、生应复读全文，核查答案，确保答题正确。（二） 体悟、归纳与强化训练1、 理解主旨要义: 先读以下4篇短文，找出其主题，并说说是如何找到主题的。A Jane Clerk, fair-haired, blue-eyed and tough as steel, has just won the most difficult race in the world. In seventeen days she drove a dog team and sledge （雪橇） across 1,050 miles of the Arctic Circle and through some of the mo

3、st difficult land in the world. In bitter winds and snow-storms she drove her dogs along the Artic track, in temperatures that reached - 38. When Jane was asked how she felt about being the first woman ever to win the race she said, “still cant believe it.” She then went over to inspect her thirteen

4、 wild-eyed dogs. David Wilson, who came second, said, “it sure hurts when a young woman is ahead of you. But it doesnt hurt for long. She was a good winner.*Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?A. Woman wins the worlds toughest race.B. Woman fights better winds a

5、nd snow-storms.C. Woman wins a sledge race in the world.D. Woman drives a dog team across the Arctic.本文的首句是主题句，后面的句子或是具体说明“世界上最困难的比赛”， 或是侧面说明赢得这场比赛不易。本篇的终结进一步呼应了主题句。答案A （主题句在篇/段首的结构：这种文章结构通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别/特殊的步骤，既先概述后用细节加以说明）BOn the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin.

6、Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his rolling skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlins grand entrance for a long time!*What is

7、 the main point the writer is trying to make in the paragraph?A. The roller skates needed further improvement.B.The party guests took Merlin for a fool.C. Merlin succeeded beyond expectation.D.Merlin got himself into trouble.这段文字从Merlin入场的细节叙述， 最后一句做了归纳总结：很长一段时间大家都没有忘记他不同凡响的入场。可见他取得了意想不到的成功。答案C（主句在末

8、尾的结构：尾句是主题句的结构通常是用归纳法撰写，其步骤是先描述细节或交代论据，后作出概括性的结论，以总结性的的句子收尾。）CWhen you throw a ball up into the air as fast as you can, the ball reaches a point where it seems to pause for a moment, and then it comes down. When a bullet is shot straight up, it will travel much faster and higher than a ball, but it,

9、 too, will come down. Whatever goes up must come down. We have always thought this to be true. An airplane may climb to a height of seventeen miles and then travel far and long. Yet it doesnt stay up forever. Finally, like everything else, the plane must come down.*What is the topic sentence?（主句在中间的

10、结构：这样的结构往往先以一句或几句为主句的出现做铺垫，或是交代细节或论据。在主题出场后，还有适当数量的句子陈述细节或继续给予例证。它的层次是：引领-主题思想-解释或继续给予例证）D Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snake bites that led me to this career.” he said In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later

11、became a doctor of Chinese Medicine. As a part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives. “I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. Th

12、e old man was pulling grass in his fields when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to his heart. Rushing home he shouted, Bring me the knife. Minutes later the

13、man lost his arm forever.” “ The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.” She said.*The best headline for this newspaper article is_.A. Astonishing Medicine B. Farmer Loses ArmC. Dangerous Bites D. Snake Doctor（没有主题句的结构：没有主题句的篇章（或段落），并不是没有主题思想

14、，它们的主题思想不是由具体的某句话所表示的，而是要读者自己归纳总结。这种结构通常叙述一件事的发展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实。答案是D。2、阅读理解强化训练（一） How can we measure intelligence（智力）? Experts are not completely certain about the answer to this question. However, in solving some problems, monkeys are better than other animals and this is agreed to be a sign

15、of their high intelligence. In one experiment, the animals had to reach the food at the other side of a fence（栅栏）by walking round. Monkeys quickly saw the solution（解决方法）. Dogs were not so certain, while hens simply rushed at the fence, trying to reach the food directly. In the second step of the exp

16、eriment, the animal could not walk round, but there was a rope connected to the food. Monkeys pulled the rope and the dogs didnt know what to do though they could easily pull the rope with their teeth.*The main idea of the passage is that_.A. monkeys are cleverer than other animalsB.its difficult to

17、 measure intelligenceC. experts are trying to find a way to measure intelligenceD. monkeys, dogs and hens are good animals * A*阅读理解强化训练（二）On the evening of June 21,1992, a tall man with brown hair and blue eyes entered the beautiful hall of Bell Tower Hotel in Xian with his bicycle. The hotel worker

18、s received him and telephoned the manager, for they had never seen a bicycle in the hotel hall before though live in “the kingdom of bicycles.”Robert Friedlander, an American, arrived in Xian on his bicycle trip across Asia which started last December in New Delhli, India. When he was 11, he read th

19、e book Marco Polo and made up his mind to visit the Silk Road. Now after 44 years, he was on the Silk Road in Xian and his early dreams were coming true.Robert Friedlanders next destinations（目的地）were Lanzhou, Dunhuang, Urumqi, etc. He will complete his trip in Pakistan.*The best headline for this ne

20、wspaper article would be_.A. The Kingdom of BicycleB. A Beautiful Hotel in XianC. Marco Polo and the Silk RoadD. An American Achieving his Aim * D*阅读理解强化训练（三）Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly p

21、roducts have contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastics, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of. However, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be

22、safe for the environment. Before they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “ Will these shampoo damage the environment?” “ Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?” A recent study showed that two of five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before

23、 they buy it. This means that companies must now change the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green”, that is, friendly to the environment.Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supper markets, but not there are hundreds. Some supermarket pr

24、oducts carry labels（标签） to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing（生产）of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. No long

25、er will they public accept the old attitude of “buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it.” The public pressure is on, and gradually business is cleaning up its act.*What would be the best title for the text?A. Business and PeopleB.Business Goes GreenC. Shopping Habits are ChangingD.Supermarkets

26、and Green Products *B*阅读理解强化训练（四）I have worked all my life. Ive done mens jobs. Ive done everything. I have used screw drivers, electric drills, and punch presses. I really know what it means to do mens work. What gets me is, you work all your life like a dog. You pay all your taxes into these gover

27、nment programs. But still, when you need help, the people that you are paid to help you, they act like its coming out of their own pockets.My husband George had a stroke not long ago. Ive always worked all my life and I never haveto do this before, but when George had the stroke I knew I needed help

28、. I had to quit my job to take care of him. So I went down to the welfare and told them I needed help. We were living with my son at the time. The welfare people said that since we were staying there, he had to take care of us. If we wanted help, wed have to move out. The trouble was we didnt have a

29、nything at all, and George was in hospital.When I knew I needed some help, I went up here to this place called HubCenter where theyre supposed to help people. Well, I told this young kid that I was working there that we were starving and didnt have the money to pay our rent or buy our medicine. Well

30、, he started writing something down on a slip of paper, and he wrote for the longest time. Then he gave it to me and said, “Take this paper t 1631 Vine Street and they will give you a sandwich.”I said, “Thanks for nothing, kid.” I never was so embarrassed in all my life. I thought, well, I know I ha

31、ve to be going crazy. I just have to be, this just cant be happening.*The best title for the passage would be_.A. I Really Know Mens Work B. Applying （申请） For WelfareC. Where Are They When You Need ThemD.Where Do Our Taxes Go *C*阅读理解强化训练（五） The old idea that child prodigies（神童） “ burn themselves” or “overtax their brains” in the early years, therefore, are prey to failure and （ at worst） mental illness is just a myth. As a matter of fact, the outstanding thing that happens to bright children is that they are very likely to grow into bright adults.To find this out, 1,500 gifted persons were