版高三英语复习 第2部分 语法专题突破 专题5 动词时态语态和语气 北师大版.docx

1、版高三英语复习 第2部分 语法专题突破 专题5 动词时态语态和语气 北师大版专题五动词时态、语态和语气全国卷考情分析题型分类典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2017全国卷)Fast food is(be) full of fat and salt.2(2017全国卷)Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school comes(come) first.I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling.”3(2016全国卷)Confucius belie

2、ved knives would remind people of killings and were(be) too violent for use at the table.1.时态的考查主要是一般现在时和一般过去时；2考查被动语态的用法；3考查主谓一致；4(2015北京高考)If I hadnt seen(not，see) it with my own eyes，I wouldnt have believed it.5(2015重庆高考)Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway wouldnt/couldnt/mightnt/shouldnt h

3、ave written(not，write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.【33220110】4虚拟语气主要考查在非真实条件句中的用法以及with，without，but for，or等构成的含蓄虚拟的用法；6(2015天津高考)I wish I had been(be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.5考查wish后的宾语从句，as if/as though引导的从句等固定句式中虚拟语气的用法。短文改错1.(2017全

4、国卷)When summer camecomes，they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!2(2017全国卷)About one month after this photo was tooktaken，I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.3(2015四川高考)If you arewere me，would you talk to them？1.上下文中时态不一致；2语态错

5、用；3虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的错用；4虚拟语气在名词性从句中的错用；5虚拟语气在其他固定句型中的错用。(对应学生用书第193页)一般时态 先试做题组.单句语法填空1(2017哈师大附中月考)Do you know if Betty will go hiking this weekend?Betty? Never! She hates(hate) strong sunlight.2(2017安徽安庆五校联考)I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday.I know your feelings，but if you forgive him，you will be

6、(be) a bigger man.单句改错In 2016，I feel I needed a new challenge so I decided to take a filmmaking course.feelfelt再解读要点一、一般现在时1一般现在时的构成主要用动词原形构成。动词be的第一人称单数形式用am，第三人称单数形式用is，其他人称形式均用are。动词have的第三人称单数形式用has。实义动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则是：一般情况直接加shate hates结尾为s，x，sh，ch或o，在词尾加esdiscussdiscusseswashwashesteachteaches

7、fixfixesgogoes结尾为“辅音字母y” 变y为i再加escarrycarriesstudystudies2.一般现在时的用法(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always，every time，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，never，sometimes，usually，every day/night等连用。He often goes to work by bus，and he takes a walk with his wife after dinner every day.他经常乘公共汽

8、车去上班，而且每天饭后和妻子一块散步。(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作。只限于go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come等动词。Look at the timetable.Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18：20.看看时间表。快点儿吧！4026航班18：20起飞。(3)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中表示将来。If it is fine tomorrow，we will go there.要是明天晴天，我们就去那里。二、一般过去时1一般过去时的构成一般过去时由动词的过去式构成。不规则动词的过去

9、式的变化规则变化规则例词一般情况在动词后加edlooklooked以e结尾的动词后加dhopehopedlikeliked以“辅音字母y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加edstudystudiedtrytried以重读闭音节或/r/音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母时双写词尾的辅音字母再加edstopstoppedpreferpreferredadmitadmittedpermitpermitted2一般过去时的用法表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often，usually，seldom 等表示频度的副词连用。还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在没有关系，常与yester

10、day，the other day，last week，the day before yesterday等过去的时间状语连用。(2016全国卷)In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.1931年亚当斯成为第一个赢得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。三、一般将来时1一般将来时的构成由“shall/will动词原形”构成。其中shall用于第一人称，will用于一切人称。2一般将来时的用法表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow，next year，in一段

11、时间等连用。“will动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。What time is it? 几点了？I have no idea.But just a minute，I will check it for you.我不知道。你稍等，我给你查查。3其他表示“将来”的结构及用法(1)“be going to动词原形”表示按计划、打算要做某事或根据某种迹象预示着要发生某事。Look，dark clouds are gathering.It is going to rain soon，I think.瞧，乌云正在聚集，我想快要下雨了。(2015天津高考)Whether in the home o

12、r the workplace，social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.无论是在家里还是在工作场所，在未来的几年里社交机器人将会变得越来越普遍。(2)“be to动词原形”表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作。You are to hand in your papers by 10 oclock.到10点你得交上试卷。(3)“be about to动词原形”表示正要或即将要做某事，该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。(新课标全国卷)Tom was about to

13、close the windows when his attention was caught by a bird.汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。易错警示如果表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，要用过去将来时(would/should动词原形)。该时态主要出现在间接引语中。I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I would/should do next week.我昨天给他打电话，问他我下周干什么。进行时态 先试做题组单句语法填空1(2017北京朝阳区期中联考)Can I help you，madam?No，thank you

14、.I am waiting(wait) for my order.2(2017河南省部分重点中学联考)A boy trembled in the cold winter，wrapping his arms around himself on a bus stop bench.He wasnt wearing(not wear) warm clothes and the temperature was 10.3(陕西高考)Can I call you back at two oclock this afternoon?Im sorry，but by then I will be flying(f

15、ly) to Beijing.How about five?再解读要点一、进行时的构成现在进行时由“am/ is/are现在分词”构成；过去进行时由“was/were现在分词”构成；将来进行时由“will/shallbe现在分词”构成。现在分词的变化规则如下：变化规则例词一般情况在词尾直接加ingask asking以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ingwritewritingtaketakingfacefacing以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加ingcutcuttingbeginbeginningswimswimming以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y再加inglielyingdiedying二、进行时的用法1现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作