剑桥雅思八四套题写作答案Word格式文档下载.docx

1、要点1. 这个饼形图表现了导致土地退化的三个主要原因。2. 表格中列举的三个地区土地退化的原因各有不同考生可能产生的错误理解和问题1. 第二个表格中列举的数字是某种原因导致的退化的土地在所有退化土地中所占的比例,而不是在所有土地（包括退化的土地和建议的写作结构,对比此结构与考生有可能采用的不恰当结构。介绍部分应该把题目用自己的话重写一遍。最好用一段描述饼形图,另起一段描述图表。可以直接引用图表中的数据（切记这些数据是退化土地面积的比例）,或者指出相对的比例 （见参考范文）。最后应该有一个简短的结论。参考范文：The pie chart and table show how land aroun

2、d the world was degraded during the 1990s the former on a worldwide scale and the latter in three different regions.Worldwide, over-grazing was the biggest cause of land degradation （35%）, with deforestation causing 30% and over-cultivation causing slightly less （28%）. Other factors caused 7% of lan

3、d degradation.The table shows that, during the 1990s, 23% of the land in Europe was degraded, more than in Oceania （13%） and far more than in North America （5%）. In Oceania, over-grazing was primarily responsible for land degradation, with deforestation accounting for far less and none caused throug

4、h over-cultivation. In North America, over-cultivation was the main reason, with about a third of land degradation being caused by over-grazing and very little being caused by deforestation. In Europe, deforestation was responsible for about 40% of the land degradation, over-cultivation about 30% an

5、d over-grazing about 20%.To summarise, land degradation was due to three main factors and these factors differed in proportion in different regions.（168 words）饼形图和图表反映了 20 世纪 90 年代全世界土地的退化情况前者是针对世界范围, 后者是针对三个不同的区域。世界范围内,过度畜牧是土地退化的最主要原因（占 35%）,滥砍滥伐占了 30%,过 度开垦相对影响较小（28%）。其他导致土地退化的原因占了 7%。图表反映出,20 世纪

6、90 年代,欧洲有 23% 的土地退化了,高于大洋洲（13%）,并且远超过北美（5%）。在大洋洲,过度畜牧是土地退化的主要原因,其次是滥砍滥伐,相对 较少,没有过度开垦的行为。在北美,过度开垦是主要原因,有三分之一的土地退化受过 度畜牧的影响,极少部分是因为滥砍滥伐造成的。在欧洲,因滥砍滥伐导致的土地退化占 40%,过度开垦占 30%,过度畜牧占 20%。总体来看,土地退化是由以上三个主要方面造成的,这些方面在不同的区域影响各有不同。 参考范文中的词汇及结构分析,以及考生可能犯的错误。1. 引言部分指出饼形图和图表中的信息有何种不同。2. 在正文第一段,作者使用“cause”和“causing

7、”两个词,显示了作者根据语法要求可使用不同词性的同根词的能力。3. 正文第二段第一句简略阐述了图表信息。正文第二段,作者运用对比性词语（primarily, far less, main, very little）,用以说明各种原因在土地退化上所起的不同影响。4. 在描述欧洲的土地退化状况时,作者换成更数学化的描述方法。剑桥雅思8作文范文Test1Task2题目分析,包括写作中需要涉及的要点以及考生可能对题目产生的错误理解。1. 需要关注双方的观点。2. 由于答案不可能是仅靠父母或学校就能教育孩子们成为一名优秀的社会成员,因此,选择陈述双方的观点会更容易些。3.“优秀的社会成员”并没有界定。但

8、是,考生不必阐释出自己对其的定义。建议的回答结构,对比此结构与考生有可能采用的不恰当结构。这篇作文需要一个简短介绍和简要的结论。正文应有两到三个段落,每段阐述一个要点。考生可以选择三个及以上的段落,如果他们的文章超过 300 个单词的话。建议考生单独写一个段落来阐述与题目意见相反的观点,或者考生在正文各段中提及反方的观点。考生写文章时要尽量避免观点过于极端,最好不要建议仅由父母或仅由学校承担教育孩子成 为优秀的社会成员的重任。两篇观点不同的参考范文（250字300字） 参考范文 1建议是学校Some people believe parents should teach their child

9、ren to be good members of society, but I and others think school is the main place for this to be taught.The main reason why I think schools should primarily be responsible for teaching children to be good members of society is that children spend more time at school with teachers than with their pa

10、rents. The children are also in a formal learning environment. This combination provides more opportunities for teachers to show children how to behave as good members of society. The teachers can also ensure that all the children have the same chance to learn the same things about being good member

11、s of society.If parents are made more responsible for teaching their children to be good members of society, then many parents might find they do not have the time for this. Parents have many responsibilities such as work and taking care of the home. Of course, many parents will naturally prefer to

12、do other things with their children, such as having fun and visiting places of interest. In addition, some parents might not be as experienced as teachers at teaching children, so the children might not learn as well as at school.There will always be plenty of parents who have the time, willingness

13、and ability to teach their children to be good members of society. However, many more will find it difficult and need extra help. Some will ask other parents or consult books or websites. I do not think there is anything wrong with this, but we should not assume that all parents will do it.In summar

14、y, I think parents will often teach their children to be good members of society, but this should mainly be done at schools.（294 words）一些人认为父母应该教育孩子成为优秀的社会成员,但我和另外一些人认为,学校应 该是承担这种教育的地方。我认为学校应该首要承担教育孩子成为栋梁之才的主要原因是,孩子们在学校和老师 待的时间比与他们和父母待的时间长。此外,孩子们是在正式的学习环境下成长的。这两 点证明老师有更多的机会教给孩子们如何成为栋梁之才。同时,老师也能确保所有的

15、孩子 有均等的学习机会,去学习成为优秀的社会成员的相同的知识。如果让父母来承担教育孩子成为优秀的社会成员的主要责任,那么就会有很多父母发 现自己并没有时间来做这件事。父母承担着诸如工作和照顾家庭的责任。当然了,很多父 母自然更愿意为孩子做些其他的事情,比如陪孩子出去玩、游览名胜古迹等。除此之外, 一些父母可能不像老师那么经验丰富,所以孩子可能没有在学校学习得效果好。常常是很多父母有时间、意愿和能力教育他们的孩子成为优秀的社会成员。但是,还 有很多父母会觉得做起来有困难,需要他人的帮助。有些父母会咨询其他父母,或求助于 书籍、网站。我不觉得这样做有什么问题,但是我们不能想当然的认为所有的父母都做

16、得到。总的来说,我觉得父母会常常教育孩子们成为优秀的社会成员,但这种教育主要还是 要学校来做。参考范文 2建议是父母I think that the main responsibility for teaching children to be good members of society lies with parents rather than schools and shall outline my reasons in this essay.I think that most parents know their children well enough to be able to

17、teach them to be good members of society. At school, children are often in large classes and therefore do not receive so much individual attention. When teaching children to be good members of society, I think that this individual attention is important, because some will have learnt about membershi

18、p of society and others not. The parents will generally know this and be able to fill any missing gaps in their childs knowledge.Secondly, parents and their children will probably spend more time together in a variety of social situations, whereas teachers and their students spend most of their time

19、 together in the classroom. The variety of social situations gives the parents more teaching opportunities, for example while shopping, at public events and at family gatherings. Of course, these opportunities give children the chance to learn to be good members of society from other adults, not onl

20、y from their parents.Thirdly, I believe that schools and teachers should focus on academic subjects. There is often little enough time for these at schools, so making parents responsible for non- academic things, such as teaching children to become good members of society is a good idea. However, th

21、ere will be opportunities for teachers to point out in class how children can be good members of society, for example when teaching children about the environment.To conclude, I think there are clear advantages in having both parents and schools teach children how to be good members of society, but

22、parents should take most of the responsibility.我认为教育孩子成为优秀的社会成员主要责任在父母,而非学校。我会在下面这篇文 章中阐释理由。我认为大部分父母都非常了解自己的孩子,进而有能力教育他们成为优秀的社会成员。 在学校里,孩子们常常上的是大课,因此并不是每个孩子都能受到很多关注。在教育孩子 成为优秀的社会成员时,我觉得对个人的关注很重要,因为有些会学着融入社会,有些则 不会。父母一般都对此有所了解,并能填补孩子的知识空白。其次,父母和孩子会有更多机会一起参加各式各样的社交场合,而老师和学生却大部 分时间都是在教室里度过。各式各样的社交场合使得父

23、母有更多的教育机会,例如,逛街、 公共场合、家庭聚会。当然,这些机会能使孩子向其他成人学习着成为优秀的社会成员, 而不仅仅是向父母学习。再次,我认为学校和老师应该是专注于学术性科目教学,学校给学生进行社会教育的 也就少之又少。因此,家长更有责任教授一些非学术性的东西,比如,教育孩子成为优秀 的社会成员就是个不错的主意。但是,在课堂上,老师还是可以谈论如何使孩子们成为优 秀的社会成员,例如教给孩子们认识社会环境。总而言之,我认为在教育孩子成为优秀的社会成员方面,父母和学校都能参与进来是 最好不过的,但是父母应该承担主要责任。1. 在介绍部分,作者均提到了各自的观点。其实没必要写出来,但这种做法却

24、在中国的考 生中很常见。如果你要这样做,切记在写结论时不要使用同一词汇。2. 两名作者在介绍部分都使用了“main”一词,为了说明他们并不认为责任仅在于学校或 父母。3.在第一篇作文中,作者注意使用短小精悍的句子,比如 :The children are also in a formal learning environment. 使用过长的有语法错误的句子会使读者感到迷惑不解。4.第一篇文章写道“This provides more opportunities for teachers .”,以说明其他人也能 教育孩子。这样的用词避免了文章观点过于极端。5.在第一篇作文正文第二三段中,作者对

25、反方观点进行辩驳父母应该教育孩子成为优 秀的社会成员,包括了其中存在的弊端,以及如何避免这些问题。6. 注意使用对比性的语言“the children might not learn as well as at school”。7. 第二篇作文正文第二段最后一句,作者指出我们都有（部分）责任教育孩子成为优秀的社会成员。8. 第二位作者阐述的第三个理由对话题进行拓展,主要是说他 / 她认为学校应该做什么。 注意使用“should focus on”,而不是“should only”或相类似过于极端的词。9. 第二篇文章正文第三段,作者指出老师也能教育孩子成为优秀的社会成员,并且举例证明。 从而使

26、得文章全面客观,不会给人片面极端的感觉。剑桥雅思8作文范文Test2Task1题目分析,包括回答中需要涉及的要点、对比以及考生可能对题目产生的错 误理解。WRITING1. 其中两个代表薪资水平,两个代表基础设施配备,第五个代表保险（财务方面）。2. 不同的方面代表不同的趋向。3. 文章应该提及所有出现的数字。（包含 15 组数字）名师点题剑桥雅思8作文1. 应使用过去完成时。2. 数字用百分比表达,不必写出总额数。建议的写作结构,对比此结构与考生有可能采用的不恰当结构。正文主体部分可以有三种写作样式。可以将正 文划分为 5 段（每段描述一个条目）,或者分为 3 段（每段按照薪资水平,基础设施

27、配备和 保险来描述一个饼形图）。对大部分考生而言,每段描述一个饼形图的写作样式或许会比较 容易,但是如果选择此种样式,切忌数字重复出现。最后应该有一个简短的评论,要特别 突出 1-2 个关键点。参考范文The pie charts show how a school spent money, in percentage terms, in the years 1981, 1991and 2001, across five categories.The majority of spending in each year was on salaries. Teachers salaries acc

28、ounted for 40% of spending in 1981. This increased to 50% in 1991, but dropped to 45% in 2001. Salaries for other workers accounted for 28% of spending in 1981, 22% in 1991 and 15% in 2001, demonstrating a constant fall.Spending on resources such as books and on furniture and equipment took up 30% o

29、fspending in 1981 15% each. By 1991, spending on resources had risen to 20% whilst spending on furniture and equipment had fallen dramatically to only 5%. By 2001, spending on resources had more than halved （in percentage terms） to 9% whereas spending on furniture and equipment had risen relatively

30、substantially to 23%.Finally, spending on insurance rose from 2% in 1981 to 3% in 1991 and thereafter to a more significant 9% of the total in 2001.In summary, relative spending in all five categories changed a lot, with spending on teachers salaries being the largest portion.（187 words）列出的饼形图从五个方面说

31、明了,1981,1991 和 2001 年,一所学校如何消费以及各项支 出的百分比。每年,大部分的支出是在薪资方面。1981 年,全体教师的薪资总计占 40%。1991 年,该 项支出增长到 50%,但是 2001 年降至 45%。1981 年,其它员工的薪资占支出的 28%,1991 年占 22%,2001 年占 15%,其所占比例不断下降。1981 年像书籍这类物资以及家具和设施的花费占了总花费的 30%,其中两方面各占 15%。截止到 1991 年,物资类花费增长至 20%,而家具和设施类的花费则骤降,仅占 5%。 截止到 2001 年,物资类花费降低了一半以上,占 9%,相对而言,家具和设施类的花费却大幅 上涨至 23%。最后,保险类花费从 1981 年的 2% 上涨至 1991 年的 3%,此后,2001 年,更明显的上涨 了 9%。综上所述,五个方面相对的花费均有大幅变动,教师的薪资支出占据的比例最