江苏中考零距离知识梳理与提高训练18A U13Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、straight, shoulder-length hair 齐肩长的直发 have a good sense of humour 很有幽默感half an hour of homework 半小时的回家作业help me with my homework 在作业方面提供帮助go on a school trip to museum 学校旅行去博物馆have a great time talking to each other 互相交谈十分愉快teach oneself how to make a home page 自学如何制作主页have lots of time for after sc

2、hool activities 有许多时间进行课外活动a big library with lots of useful books 一个有许多有用书籍的图书馆invite me to join in their school trip 邀请我参加他们的学校旅行be willing to share things with her friends 愿意与她的朋友分享东西语 法 精 解1. There is nothing else in the fridge. 冰箱里没有什么别的东西了。else的意思是“别的”，“另外的”，用于修饰特殊疑问词或不定代词，并且常放在被修饰词的后面。如：What

3、else shall we do to help the sick boy? Is there any thing else you want to tell me?I am too busy now. Someone else will help you to solve the problem.2. What about the pizza in you bowl? 你碗里的比萨饼怎么样？What about + sth./dong sth. （用于表示建议）。What about sharing the cake with your cousin? What about the dres

4、s with colourful patterns?3. Do you believe what he/she says? 你相信他/她说的话吗？what he/she says在这里是believe 的宾语从句。宾语从句有三种情况：（a） 陈述句：用that连接，如：We know （that） he lied to us.（b） 一般疑问句：用if/whether连接，如； Please tell me if they won the game.（c） 特殊疑问句：用特殊疑问词连接，如：Do you know when we shall have the meeting? Can you

5、teach me how to make a poster?4. We have been best friends for a long time. 我们是好朋友已经很久了。Have/has done（过去分词）是现在完成时的基本形式，用法如下：（a） 表示动作或状况发生在现在以前的某个未经指出的过去时间内，目前已经完成或结束，给现在留下了结果或造成了影响。He has closed the window. （The window is closed.）She has learned to cook. （Now she is able to cook.）（b） 可用来表示动作或状况发生在以前

6、的某个未经指出的过去时间内，但这个动作或状况直到如今尚未完成或结束，它还可能继续下去，也可能停止。The old man has lived here since he was a child.She has practiced playing piano for an hour.5. She is willing to share things with her friends. 她愿意和她的朋友分享东西。（1） share something with somebody的意思是“与分享”。The two girls often share their secrets.（2） be will

7、ing to do something. / be ready to do something意为“愿意做/准备好做”。Are you willing to be the monitor of our class?The girl isnt willing to do any extra work. She is selfish.I am ready to leave now.6. She helps me with my homework and she always gives seats to people in need on the bus.她帮助我做家庭作业，而且她在公交车上总是给

8、有需要的人让座。help somebody with something的意思是“在方面帮助某人”。Tom often helps his deskmate with Maths.in need是介词短语后置作定语。They held a charity show to raise money for people in need.7. He always makes me laugh. 它总是使我大笑。make somebody do something的意思是“使某人干某事”。 His words made me realize that I made a mistake. The rou

9、nd glasses make Max look smart.8. I thought of my good friend May when I read your advertisement. 当看了你的广告后，我想起了我的好朋友梅。think of 想起, 记起, 考虑；think about思考, 考虑；think over仔细考虑。They think of a wonderful idea. We are thinking about when to go to Paris.Think it over; you can solve this problem very soon.9.

10、形容词形容词（Adjective）是用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的归属性质、状态、大小或数量的词。1）形容词在句中的作用：A做定语, 常放在名词前。They are comfortable trainers.I heard the terrible noise last night.B表语, 常放在系动词之后。I was alone in the house. The news sounds exciting.2）A形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式与形容词本身形式相同,用来描述人余人、事与事之间在某方面的相同或不同。 as+adj.+as的意思是“和一样”；not as/so+adj

11、.+as 是它的否定形式, 意思是“不如”。 He is as clever as his father. 他和他的父亲一样聪明。 You are not as active as your sister. 你不如你的妹妹活跃。 B形容词的比较级和最高级: 大多数形容词的比较级和最高级采用在词尾加-er和-est的形式，或在单词前加more和most构成的，形容词最高级前要加the。具体变化见下表:单音节词单词形式构成方式原级比较级最高级一般形式词尾加-er和-estcleanstrongcleanerstrongercleaneststrongest以-e结尾的词词尾加-r和-stwideb

12、ravewiderbraverwildestbravest闭音节双写最后一个辅音字母,加-er和-estthinslimhotthinnerslimmerhotterthinnestslimmesthottest部分双以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i, 再加-er和-estheavyangryheavierangrierheaviestangriest以-er结尾的词在词尾加-er和-estclevercleverercleverest以-ow结尾的词narrowshallownarrowershallowernarrowestshallowest以-le结尾的词在词尾加-r和-estables

13、impleablersimplerablestsimplest大部分双音节和多音节单词在单词前加more和mostdifficultcarefulmore difficultmore carefulmost difficultmost careful3）形容词比较级的用法: 用于描述两种事物或人的比较This storybook is cheaper than that fashion magazine.He is much taller than his best friend.形容词最高级的用法: 表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较 the+最高级+比较范围 She is the most

14、beautiful girl in the model team.This is the best film that I have ever seen.10. I like learning how to cook and sew. 我喜欢学习怎样做饭和怎样做缝纫。有些动词之后可以接疑问词how, what, when, where, which, who再加动词不定式（why没有这种用法）。这类动词常用的有ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, show sb., think, underst

15、and, want to know, wonder。如:The young man knows how to look after his grandfather.I was shown how to solve the puzzle. We cant decide where to have a picnic.I wonder when to visit the house to the elderly.11. Reading week is always too short because we want to read all our friends books as well. 阅读周

16、总是太短。因为我们也想要读我们所有朋友的书。 as well 相当于too，是副词短语，一般放在句末。Sandy is able to dance. She is able to sing as well. Simon is an actor and a director as well.12. I meet my fiends and we always have a great time talking to each other. 我和朋友们相聚聊天，过得很愉快。 have a great time = enjoy oneself=have fun “过的愉快,玩得开心” Last mo

17、nth we had a school trip and we had a great time hiking in the hills.13. It means someone （who/whom）you admire very much. 意思是某个你很崇拜的人。 You admire very much 是定语从句。someone 是先行词，关系代词who/whom 在从句中作admire的宾语，所以可以被省略了。14两者之间的比较和两者以上的比较:1） more 是many 和much 的比较级，可以与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用，如：morethanHe knows more ski

18、lls than other workers.The adviser offered us more advice than he had done before.2） most 是many 和much 的最高级: most最多的She has the most stamps in her class. We spend the most time on Maths.3） few 的比较级是fewer 最高级是fewest，用于修饰可数名词My friend has fewer football stickers than me. Tom has the fewest oranges of t

19、he three.4） little 的比较级是less最高级是least, 用于修饰不可数名词We try to spend less money than the other team. The bottle with the least water is Kittys.15like 和alike1） like 表示 “像”,可以作介词,也可以作连词。它的位置往往在句子的中间,在名词或名词性从句之前。This coat is like that one. You are like a teacher.The man in the picture looks like Mr. Wang. Y

20、ou should do it like what you said.2） alike 是形容词，一般只作表语，用于系动词之后The two songs sound alike. My boots and Sandys are alike.还可以作副词，如：Teachers must treat all the students alike.Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。16The number of 和a number ofthe number of （的数量）作主语时，谓语用单数；a number of （大量）修饰复数名词,谓语一般用复数。The num

21、ber of the cranes is becoming less. 鹤的数量在减少。A number of monkeys are jumping happily. 许多猴子高兴地跳着。17She has to stay in the hospital for a month. 她不得不住院一个月。have to 和must 都表示必须，have to 往往是客观外界情况造成 “不得不”，must 表示说话人主观上认为 “应该” “有必要”。It is late now. We have to leave, or well be late.I must finish my task thi

22、s afternoon.18. Kittys teacher Mr. Wu invited me to join in their school trip. Kitty的老师吴老师邀请我参加他们的学校旅行。 1） invite somebody. to do something. 的意思是“邀请某人做某事”；invite somebody. to something的意思是“邀请某人”。 The artist invited us to visit the gallery. He was invited to dinner by the headmaster. 2）join作及物动词，是 “参

23、加”一群人的活动，或 “加入”某个组织成为其中一员。 join in something. / join somebody. in something.的意思是“参加某一活动”。Harry joined his friends last weekend./ He joined the League in 2004.Hell join us in the painting.19. The trip from Kittys school took about two hours by coach. 从Kitty的学校出发的行程乘长途车花了大约2小时。 1） take 表示 “花费, 消耗”,此时主

24、语一般是物。常用于 “It +takes/took/will take somebody to do something.”中。The long journey took us half a year. It took us half a year to take the long journey. 2） 乘坐交通工具用by+交通工具。by coach / car / bus / tram / boat / ship （sea） / train / plane （air）20. It is made of metal and really tall. 它由金属制成，而且真的很高。 1） be

25、made of 由制成, 所制成的产品能看出原材料。 The shoes are made of leather. The tie is made of silk. 2） be made from由制成, 所制成的产品看不出原材料。 The beer is made of wheat.The paper with good quality is made of bamboo.21. There are over a hundred places of interest from all over the world. 有来自全世界的超过一百个名胜。 1）places of interest 的

26、意思为“名胜”。Tiger Hill is one of the places of interest in Suzhou. 2）over= more than的意思是“超过”。There are more than fifty students in our class.22. Daniel taught himself how to make a home page. 丹尼尔自学如何做主页。1） teach oneself to do something. /how to do something.的意思是“自学（如何）作某事”，而teach oneself somehting的意思是“自学”。 She can sing well, but she taught herself. Though his father is old, he is teaching himself how to use computers. 2）how to make a home page 是疑问词+不定式, 在句中作宾语。 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? She knows where to buy this CD. They have to decide when to start c