必修31单元Word文档格式.docx

1、 Function and SpeakingPeriod 4 Writing; TaskPeriod 5 Cultural Corner; Module File教学过程： Step 1 Lead-in and Introduction 1. Lead the module in by asking students the following questions:How many continents are there in the world altogether ? What are they?2. Show a map of Europe to the class.Ask them

2、to look at the box at page 1, read out the names and then pair Work to finish activity 1.3. Ask the students to read out the words and phrases in the box and ask them to locate the words in the information below, then work out. Step 2 Pre-reading1 Learn some words in the passage that are new to stud

3、ents.Match the words in the box with their definitions. （p3）2 Ask students to do Activity 1（p2） individually, then check with a partner. Call back the answers from the whole class.1） a landmark in Paris 2） an art gallery in Florence3） a church in Barcelona 4） a building in AthensStep 3 .Fast Reading

4、 Option 1:1. Share some reading strategies with the whole class:Reading strategies: skimming and scanningWe skim a text when we want to get a general idea of what it is about. We look at the titles and headlines, the first or last sentence of paragraphs and the first or last paragraph as well as pic

5、tures and charts to guess what the text is about.When we want to find some information in a text quickly , we scan the text for key words and phrase, dates, numbers, etc. We dont need to read the whole text word by word .2. Ask the students to read the text quickly and answer the following questions

6、1）. Which of the cities are capital cities?2）. Which one is situated on the coast?3）. Which is famous for its places to eat?4）. Which ones are or were important cities for writers and artists?5）. Which was the worlds greatest city a long time ago? Step 4 Careful Reading Go through the passage with s

7、tudents and deal with some difficult language points.1. The United Kingdom is off the northwest coast of continental Europe.介词off 指“在陆地附近的海面”。 an island off the coast of France 法国海岸附近的一个岛屿词语辨析：off the coast ,on the coast与along the coast1） off the coast“远离海岸”，表示离开岸边，在海上。2） on the coast “靠近海岸”，表示在大陆靠近

8、海岸的地方。3） along the coast 沿海岸，沿海地区eg: We drove along the Pacific coast to Seattle.我们驾车沿着太平洋海岸去西雅图。I used to live in a small village on the coast of Brittany.我过去住在布列塔尼海边的一个村庄a small island off the coast of Scotland苏格兰近海的一座小岛2. Italy is in the south of Europe on the Mediterranean.be/lie in the +方位+of +

9、地点，表示“位于的范围内”Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province.联想拓展：表示位置时常用的三个介词in, on, to. in表示在某一范围内，on表示两者相邻，to表示两者在彼此范围之外，二者不相容，可以相邻，也可以不相邻。Eg: Japan to Korea is on the east of China. Shangdong in3.Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. situated on the River Se

10、ine. 是过去分词作定语，修饰Paris. “坐落在塞纳河边”。be situated : to be in a particular place or position 位于 的， 坐落在的。a small town situated just south of Cleveland 地处克利夫以南的小城。beautifully/conveniently/pleasantly situated All the apartments are beautifully situated overlooking the beach. 所有的公寓都环境优美，俯瞰海滨。be well/badly sit

11、uated 境况良好、处境困难 Microsoft is well situated to exploit this new market. 微软具备良好的条件开拓这个新市场。4. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. 最受游客欢迎的旅游景点是埃菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎著名的象征。the famous symbol of Paris 和the Eiffel Tower 是同位关系symbol n. 符号,标志,象征 On maps, a cross is the sym

12、bol for a church.在地图上, 十字符号代表教堂.The dove is the symbol of peace.鸽子是和平的象征4. The city is famous for its restaurants, Cafs and theaters. 这个餐馆也以餐馆,咖啡馆和剧院而闻名。 be famous for 因而著名 be famous as 作为而著名be remembered for 因而被怀念be remembered as 作为而被缅怀 He will always be remembered as a national hero. 他将作为一名民族英雄而被人

13、们缅怀That village was known for its poverty. 那个村庄过去因贫穷而出名。5. About two thirds of Frances artists and writers live in Paris. 法国约三分之二得艺术家和作家住在巴黎.about 作介词, 意为“大约左右”.1/5 one fifth one over five 4/7 four sevenths four over seven 分数+of构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据of后的名词决定，若of后接可数名词的复数，谓语动词用复数形式；若of后接可数名词的单数或不可数名词，谓语

14、动词则用单数形式。 Two-fifths of the students are from the countryside.五分之二的学生来自农村。Three-fourths of the earth surface is covered by water.四分之三的地球表面被水覆盖。6. Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926. 高迪从1982年起从事这项工程直至1926年逝世。work on sth 从事某工作 相当于spend time/energy on sth. Whenever I get the

15、time we go out to the camp and work on it. 只要我有时间，我们就去营地干活。work at从事，致力于 work out 做出，算出out of work失业 off work没有上班set to work着手工作 at work在工作，有某种影响，在起某种作用7. began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years. 始于14世纪而且延续了300年。1） in the 1300s 在14世纪 He is in his eighties and is still eager to learn. I

16、t was in the 1960s that great architect was born. 2） last vi. 继续，延续I dont think the nice weather will last a whole week. The operation lasted three hours. The conference lasted from Monday to Friday. 够用This will last me about three days. It will last out the winter. 8. During the Renaissance, some o

17、f the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. 在文艺复兴时期， 历史上一些最伟大的画家在佛罗伦萨生活和工作。of all time 有史以来 in no time （at all）立刻，马上 at no time 在任何时候都不，从来没有at a time 一次，每次 at one time 曾经, 一度 all the time 一直，始终 at times 有时，偶尔9.Their works has influenced the writers ever since. 他们的作品影响了后世的作家。eve

18、r since 从以后；自以来。表示动作从过去的某一时间为起点，持续到现在，常与现在完成时态连用。可以单独使用，也可以后接名词或从句。He went to Tibet in 1956 and has lived there ever since. 1956年他去西藏， 从那以后就一直住在那里。Comrade Li has kept up his study of English ever since he began to work. 李同志自从参加工作以来,一直坚持学习英语。ever before “在以往任何时候”, ever before 常出现在than 后面,其中ever 用以加强b

19、efore 的语气,有时before 可以省略。例如：Its raining harder than ever before. 雨比以前下得都大。用ever before 或 even since 填空。1）.He fell off his horse a week ago and has been in bed _.2）.China is richer and stronger than _.3）.I have been here _ 1995. Step 5 DiscussionEncourage students to discuss the following questions:1.

20、 What did you know about these cities before you read the text?2. What new information did you learn、3. Which of them would you most like to visit? Period 2 Grammar 1 &2 ; Listening and Vocabulary教学过程Step 1 Review and Lead-in Encourage students to choose a city from the text and introduce it to the

21、whole class.Step 2 Grammar 1 Passive Voice一语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。如果主语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就要用被动语态。二被动语态的基本结构 be + 过去分词（人称.数. 时态的变化都体现在助动词be的变化上）三 .被动语态适用情况1 当我们不知道动作的执行者时；2 我们不必提出动作执行者时；3 要强调动作承受者时；4 出于行文的需要四. 主动句与被动句的转换主动句的结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 其它成分被动句的结构：宾语+be +动词过去分词+by +主语（宾格） +其它成分 可以省略e.g. 1. P

22、eople use English freely. （主动句） English is used （by people） freely. （被动句）五被动语态的八种时态（时态是表示行为动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式）一般现在时结构：主语am / is / are + 过去分词e.g. 主动句：She cleans her room every day. 被动句：Her room is cleaned （by her） every day. （肯定句）否定句：Her room isnt cleaned （by her） every day.一般疑问句：Is her room cleaned

23、（by her） every day?注意：被动句的be助动词的变化应按被动句中新主语的人称和数而变化，其时态应与主动句的时态一致2.一般过去时结构：主语+was / were +过去分词The workers made the VCD last week.The VCD was made by the workers last week.（肯定句） 否定句: The VCD wasnt made by the workers last week.Was the VCD made by the workers last week?3. 一般将来时结构：主语+will be +过去分词My fa

24、ther will send me to America soon. 被动句:I will be sent to America by my father soon. 4. 过去将来时结构：主语would be +过去分词He said he would punish the naughty boy tonight.He said the naughty boy would be punished by him tonight.5. 现在进行时结构：主语am / is / are + being +过去分词He is telling a story now.A story is being t

25、old by him now.6.过去进行时结构：主语was / were + being +过去分词He was telling a story when I came in.A story was being told by him when I came in.7.现在完成时结构：主语have / has +been +过去分词e.g. 主动句: The boy has finished the work.被动句: The work has been finished by the boy.8.过去完成时结构:主语+ had + been +过去分词 They had built ten

26、 buildings by 2003.Ten buildings had been built by them by 2003.六. 不同形式的被动语态 1.含有直宾和间宾的主动结构,变为被动时可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动一般是主语结构的间接宾语变为被动的主语。He showed me his pictures. I was shown his pictures by him. His pictures were shown to me by him. 2.情态动词的被动语态。是由情态V+ be+ p.p.构成 He can not be found. 3.有些动词用主动形式表被动含义

27、. open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc. The goods sells well. The door cant open. 4.有些词如want, need, require和 be worth后面v-ing 形式为主动，意义为被动。The room needs/wants/requires cleaning. The book is worth reading. 5.谓语动词是以下时，无被动。happen, belong to, suit, fit（适合）, have, let, join, fall, last（延长）,cost（花费）break out（爆发）appear, burst out ,hold, lack（缺乏），agree