考研《英语一》考试真题及答案解析完整版Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold_（15）of complexity and capacity is required, he_（16）Since plants dont have nervous systems, the_（17）that they have consciousness are effectively zero.And whats so great about consciousness, anyway? Plants cant run away from_（18）. So investing ener

2、gy in a body system which_（19）a threat and can feel pain would be a very_（20）evolutionary strategy, according to the article.1.【题干】1._.【选项】A.coinedB.discoveredC.collectedD.issued【答案】A2.【题干】2._.A.attributedB.directedC.comparedD.confined【答案】C3.【题干】3._.A.unlessB.whenC.onceD.though【答案】D 4.【题干】4._.A.cope

3、 withB.consisted ofC.hinted atD.extended in【答案】C 5.【题干】5._.A.suffersB.benefitsC.developsD.differs6.【题干】6._.A.acceptanceB.evidenceC.cultivationD.creation【答案】B7.【题干】7._.A.doubtedB.deniedC.arguedD.requested 8.【题干】8._.A.adaptingB.formingC.repairingD.testing9.【题干】9._.A.analogousB.essentialC.suitableD.sen

4、sitive10.【题干】10._.A.justB.everC.stillD.even11.【题干】11._.A.restrictionB.experimentC.perspectiveD.demand12.【题干】12._.A.attachingB.reducingC.returningD.exposing13.【题干】13._.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise14.【题干】14._.A.temporarilyB.literallyC.superficiallyD.imaginarily15.【题干】15._.A.listB.levelC.l

5、abelD.local16.【题干】16._.A.recalledB.agreedC.questionedD.added17.【题干】17._.A.chancesB.risksC.excusesD.assumptions18.【题干】18._.A.dangerB.failureC.warningD.control19.【题干】19._.A.representsB.includesC.revealsD.recognizes20.【题干】20._.A.humbleB.poorC.practicalD.easySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ARead th

6、e following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1People often complain that plastics are too durable. Water bottles, shopping bags, and other trash litter the planet, from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trenc

7、h, because plastics are everywhere and dont break down easily. But some plastic materials change over time. They crack and frizzle. They weep out additives. They melt into sludge. All of which creates huge headaches for institutions, such as museums, trying to preserve culturally important objects.

8、The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying: early radios, avant-garde sculptures, celluloid animation stills from Disney films, the first artificial heart.Certain artifacts are especially vulnerable because some pioneers in plastic art didnt always know how to mix ingredients properly, says

9、Thea van Oosten, a polymer chemist who, until retiring a few years ago, worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. Its like baking a cake: If you dont have exact amounts. it goes wrong. She says. The object you make is already a time bomb.And sometimes, its not the artist

10、s fault. In the 1960s, the Italian artist Picro Gilardi began to create hundreds of bright, colorful foam pieces. Those pieces included small beds of roses and other items as well as a few dozen nature carpetslarge rectangles decorated with foam pumpkins, cabbages, and watermelons. He wanted viewers

11、 to walk around on the carpets which meant they had to be durable.Unfortunately, the polyurethane foam he used is inherently unstable. Its especially vulnerable to light damage, and by the mid-1990s, Gilardis pumpkins, roses, and other figures were splitting and crumbling. Museums locked some of the

12、m away in the dark. So van Oosten and her colleagues worked to preserve Gilardis sculptures. They infused some with stabilizing and consolidating chemicals. Van Oosten calls those chemicals sunscreens because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. She is prou

13、d that several sculptures have even gone on display again, albeit sometimes beneath protective cases.Despite success stories like van Oostens, preservation of plastics will likely get harder. Old objects continue to deteriorate. Worse, biodegradable plastics designed to disintegrate, are increasingl

14、y common. And more is at stake here than individual objects. Joana Lia Ferreira, an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOVA School of Science and Technology, notes that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history-Stone Age, Iron Age, and so on-after

15、examining artifacts in museums. We now live in an age of plastic, she says, and what we decide to collect today, what we decide to preserve. will have a strong impact on how in the future well be seen.21.【题干】According to Paragraph 1, museums are faced with difficulties in_.A.maintaining their plasti

16、c itemsB.obtaining durable plastic artifactsC.handling outdated plastic exhibitsD.classifying their plastic collections22.【题干】Van Oosten believes that certain plastic objects are_.A.immune to decayB.improperly shapedC.inherently flawedD.complex in structure23.【题干】Museums stopped exhibiting some of G

17、ilardis artworks to_.A.keep them from hurting visitorsB.duplicate them for future displayC.have their ingredients analyzedD.prevent them from further damage24.【题干】The author thinks that preservation of plastics is_.A.costlyB.unworthyC.unpopularD.challenging25.【题干】In Ferreiras opinion, preservation o

18、f plastic artifacts_.A.will inspire future scientific researchB.has profound historical significanceC.will help us separate the material agesD.has an impact on todays cultural lifeText 2As the latest crop of students pen their undergraduate applications and weigh up their options, it may be worth co

19、nsidering just how the point, purpose and value of a degree has changed and what Gen Z need to consider as they start the third stage of their educational journey.Millennials were told that if you did well in school, got a decent degree, you would be set up for life. But that promise has been found

20、wanting. As degrees became universal, they became devalued. Education was no longer a secure route of social mobility. Today, 28 per cent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles; a percentage which is double the average amongst the OECD.This is not to say that there is no point in getting a

21、 degree, but, rather stress that a degree is not for everyone, that the switch from classroom to lecture hall is not an inevitable one and that other options are available.Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Gen Z seeking to learn from their millennial predecessors, even

22、 if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of scrapping a degree requirement for certain r

23、oles.For those for whom a degree is the desired route, consider that this may well be the first of many. In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates now earn 40 per cent more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two.It is unlikely that Gen Z will be done with education at 18 or 21; they will need to be constantly up-skilling throughout their career to stay agile, relevant and employable. It has been estimated that this generation due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfilment and