1、n and n 并列; (a/an/the)+ adj + n; 介词+ n;a/an/the + n 形容词性物主代词+ n 序数词+ n Many/several/few +可数名词复数Much/little + 不可数名词Some / a lot of/ lots of +可数名词复数/不可数名词名词复数变化规律1. 一般情况下在词尾直接加sBook-books tree-trees2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词,在词尾加esGlass-glasses box-boxes watch-watches brush-brushes3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,把y改为i,再加e
2、sStory-stories country-countries4. 以o结尾的名词变为复数时,常在词尾加s,但有些名词要加es,它们是:黑人英雄爱吃土豆、西红柿Negro(黑人)-negroes hero-heroes potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoesRadio-radios photo-photos5. 以f 或fe结尾的名词变为复数时,一般直接加s,但有些以f 或fe结尾的名词需把f 或fe去掉,加ves, 它们是:为了自己活命,小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和一片树叶站在架子上,把狼劈成两半Self-selves life-lives thief-thieve
3、s wife-wives knife-knives loaf-loaves leaf-leaves shelf-shelves wolf-wolves half-halves练习题:1. The _ (express) in her eyes told me something was wrong.2. Due to the _ (apply) of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at an early stage.3. She was unable to attend because of the _ (press
4、) of work.4. Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _ (painting).5. The nursery team switches him every few _ ( day) with his sister.Expression; application; pressure; pa
5、intings; days考点二 谓语动词(考查方向:时态语态,主谓一致)看到括号内所给的提示词是动词,第一步先判断是否考查谓语。做题思路:1. 根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是被动语态;2. 根据具体的语境来判断用哪种时态3. 注意主谓一致,最后确定所填动词的形式在确定谓语动词的时态时,可从如下三个方面来进行判断:(1)看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句;(2)在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时,要看上下文的谓语动词形式;(3)看一下是不是特殊句式。常见时态时态名称构成一般体表示既不“进行”,又不“完成”。一般体中的一般现在时、一般过去时分别表示现在、过去的经常性、习惯性动作或状态;一般
6、将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。一般现在时Do/does;am/is/are一般过去时Did; was/were一般将来时Will/shall do;am/is/are going to do;am/is/are about to do Will:各种人称Shall: 第一人称表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作过去将来时Should/would doWas/were going to doWas/were (about)to do进行体现在进行时Am/is/are doing(现在分词)过去进行时Was/were doing将来进行时Will/
7、shall be doing完成体现在完成时Has/have done过去完成时Had done完成进行体现在完成进行时Have/has been doing常见时态的被动语态形式体 时现在过去将来过去将来一般Am/is/are doneWas/were doneWill/shall be doneWould/should be done进行Am/is/are being doneWas/were being done-完成Have/has been doneHad been done完成进行主谓一致的情况1. We, you, they 或名词复数+each作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Ea
8、ch of us, you, them或名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。2. 就近一致谓语动词要和离它最近的主语保持一致,常用于Or, either.or., neither.nor., not only.but also., not.but.在句子中连接并列主语的时候或者在there be句型中。3. 就远原则名词或代词+with, along with, together with, as well as(而且,和), rather than(而不是), but, except等+名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应该和第一个名词或代词保持一致。4. Many a +名词, more th
9、an one+名词作主语,谓语动词用单数练习题1. Mary, along with her sisters, _(attend) the conference regularly.2. There _(be) a cup of tea and some apples on the table.3. We _(make) model plane these days.4. He said he_ (drive) the next day.5. In the past few years, great changes_ (take) place in my hometown.6. This is
10、 the first time that I _ (come) here.7. By then he _ (learn) English for 3 years.8. A bridge _ (build) over the river at this time last year.9. The party _ (plan) since last year.10. The teacher told us the earth _ (move) around the sun. Attends; is; are making; was arriving; have taken; have come;
11、had learned; was being built; has been planned; moves考点三 非谓语动词非谓语动词的形式:To do 表示将来、目的、主动Doing 表示进行、主动Done 表示完成、被动To be done 将来、被动Being done 进行、被动Having done 完成、主动Having been done 完成、被动做题思路1. 判定非谓语动词(在一个句子中,除了谓语动词之外的其他动词形式)2. 找逻辑主语(非谓语动词动作的发出者或承受者)3. 分析主被动关系和时间先后关系(逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间的主被动关系。非谓语动词动作与谓语动词动作之间的
12、时间先后关系:非谓语动词动作发生在谓语动词动作之后,用to do;同时发生用doing; 非谓语动词动作发生在谓语动词动作之前且表被动用done; 如果非谓语动词动作与谓语动词动作之间没有明确的先后顺序,若主动用doing, 被动用done,表示伴随的状态。)根据非谓语动词的形式及其所表达的意义,判定出最终非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词特殊用法1. 被动形式表示主动意义seat/lose/dress/devote/absorbdevote oneself to 献身于;专心致力于;专心于;沉溺于absorb oneself (in sth)使自己沉浸(于某事物); 使自己深陷于或专心于lose o
13、neself全神贯注于;沉湎于(常与 in 连用)lie in; be located in坐落于face sth; be faced with sth 面对2.Only to do 表示出人意料的结果, 表示意料之中的结果,通常用only doing。注意:并不是表示出人意料的结果就直接用to do 形式,还要看是主动还是被动。3.使役动词、感官动词用法下列动词(词组)在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态中要加上to: 它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”5看(look at, see, watch, notice, observe); 3使(make, let, have);
14、2听(listen to, hear); 1感觉(feel)感官动词后的宾语补足语可用原形也可用doing 形式(当宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系时), 前者表示过程、完成后者表示动作的进行。4.下列动词一般用不定式作宾语Decide/determine, learn, want, hope/expect/wish, refuse, manage, care(care to do愿意/想要做sth), pretend, offer(offer to do提出要做/主动做sth), promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help5.下列动词或词组一般跟doing作宾语Consider, suggest/advise, loo
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