B3期中Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、 题 1 - 5 Passage 1 A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement spread ever farther westward. The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. The most serious o

2、nes were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, effective stopping system. Once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges a

3、nd reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines. The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transportation system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from C

4、alifornia eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific. The Government helped the railroads generously with money and land. Actual work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, starting from Cali

5、fornia, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the grea

6、t occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement. The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing pro

7、ducts rapidly to distant markets. In linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States. 1. The major problems with Americas railroad system in the mid-19th century lay in _. A poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems B lack of :financial support for development C li

8、mited railroad lines D lack of a transcontinental railroad 【参考答案】：A 2. The building of the first transcontinental system _. A brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the west B attracted many visitors to the construction sites C attracted laborers from Europe D encouraged people to t

9、ravel all over the country 3. The best title for this passage would be _. A Settlements Spread Westward B The Coast-to-Coast Railroad: A Vital Link C The Importance of Railroads in the American Economy D American Railroad History B 4. The construction of the transcontinental railroad took _. A 9 yea

10、rs B 4 years C 7 years D 3 years D 5. What most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad? _ A The possibility of government support for such a task. B The need to explore Utah. C The need to connect the east coast with the west. D The need to develop the railroad industry in the we

11、st. C 题 6 - 10 Passage 2 William Thourlby is surely familiar with all the old sayings such as Clothes do not make the man or One should not judge a book by its cover. But his experience has led him to doubt the truth of these well-known proverbs. A former actor, Thourlby had often observed the diffe

12、rence that a costume could make in the appearance of the men and women acting with him in a play. A man who had arrived at the studio looking dull, common or even ridiculous in ill-chosen clothes, would emerge from the dressing room like a man of authority: a judge, a doctor, a learned scientist, th

13、e perfect lawyer. Not only would he look different but he would move and work in the manner befitting the character. Because of his clothes, he was dignified, elegant, or brilliant. He felt different. This does not happen only to actors and actresses. Who has never felt transformed by a beautiful dr

14、ess, by a new coat? A high school student was asked recently what she thought of the fact that pretty clothes were in fashion again at her school. Its a good change. she said, “It has helped me. When I dress up, I feel energetic and successful. I am happier, I work better. I feel good about myself.”

15、 Thourlby was once called by an important businessman who wasnt really pleased with his own success. The man, who was dealing with heads of states, foreign ministers, and international bankers, thought that there were something wrong in the effect that he produced on them. He had noticed that his bu

16、siness acquaintances seldom invited him to their homes. After looking at the mans large and expensive collection of clothes, Thourlby advised him to discard most of them. All the splendid coats with colorful linings and bright buttons, all the fancy shirts and showy ties had to go. The businessman w

17、as also persuaded to give up diamond rings and to replace his watch. Discreetly elegant, he resumed his career with new confidence, sure now that he was giving the right image of himself as a respectable, responsible and trustworthy individual. 6. From paragraph 1, it can be concluded that _. A what

18、ever a man wears does not matter very much to his character B clothes do not make a man C what a person wears under stage will influence what he acts on stage no matter what he wears D befitting clothes can make a person greatly different 7. According to the passage, Thourlby is now _. A an actor B

19、a clothes consultant C a dull and ridiculous doctor D an international banker 8. We can infer from the passage that _. A Thourlby is successful in his present career B Thourlby is very good at costume designing C Thourlby likes his job as an actor very much D Thourlby is not very pleased with his su

20、ccess 9. Thourlby asked the businessman to discard all his clothes because _. A he wanted the businessman to lose some profit in order to be more successful B he wanted the businessman to set up a right image of himself C he himself wanted to replace the businessman D he wanted the businessman to be

21、 more magnificently dressed 10. The problem with the businessman was that _. A what he was wearing were all too showy B what he was wearing were all too bad-looking C the clothes he produced were all not good enough D the costumes he produced were all too showy 题 11 - 15 Passage 3 In a country like

22、the United States, where there are millions of privately owned automobiles, one might think that getting from home to wok or getting downtown to shop would be very easy, but it is not. The number of automobiles has grown much more rapidly than the number of facilities for automobiles, and many Ameri

23、can cities are not equipped to handle all the cars owned by the people. The major problem is a lack of parking space. It is a very simple matter to drive a car downtown, but it is difficult to find a place to park it once the car is in town. So it is that with millions of private automobiles all cit

24、ies still maintain a system of public transportation. Such a system, usually called a transit system, is operated under a permit granted by the city to a single firm which agrees to provide transportation. The city decides the type of transportation it wants and maintains the authority to regulate t

25、he transit system, and to fix fares and routes. While some cities like New York have an underground railway or subway system, most cities have street cars or buses. The present trend in nearly all the major cities in the country is toward an all bus transit system. Transit fares in the cities range

26、up to 50-80 cents a ride with transfer privileges. This means that when a passenger enters a bus or street car and deposits his fare in the fare box, he may request a transfer. The driver or operator will give him a slip of paper on which there will be printed the time and direction of the trip. Wit

27、h his transfer, the passenger may get on another bus or street car at a transfer point on his route and continue his ride without additional cost, so long as he is traveling in the same general direction as the one marked on his transfer and so long as he does so within the indicated time. In additi

28、on to public transit system and private automobiles, taxi-cabs aid in providing transportation in the city. Taxi-cabs have the advantage of getting the passenger more quickly to his destination than public buses or street cars, because they do not have to make periodic stops for new passengers. More

29、over, since the cab has no prescribed route to follow, the drivers can take the shortest route to his passengers destination. Charges for cab rides are determined either by a meter which registers the cost as the taxi drives along or by zone system whereby the city is divided into sections or zones

30、and the passenger pays a certain cost for each zone the cab passes through. 11. According to the passage, the big problem facing the Americans in transportation is that _. A there are not enough roads B the roads are not wide enough to hold so many cars C the roads are not well managed D there is not enough parking place 12. A transit system is one operated by _. A any firm which would like to do it B one firm