定语从句高一用Word格式.docx

1、I want a person as diligent as you. There is only water too dirty to drink.（4 ）表语形容词只能作后置定语。People alive must finish the work of those dead.常见的表语形容词有: alive, alone, afraid, awake, 等。（5）present作前置定语和后置定语意义不同。2、数词作定语（1）基数词从数量上修饰名词。We need four experienced teachers. He was the first teacher to come to

2、school this morning.3、代词作定语（1）人称代词中的形容词性物主代词及名词的s所有格。His wish is to be an astronaut. Toms brother is a soldier.（2） 指示代词this, that, these, those. These books are all interesting.（3） 疑问代词 如：What language will you choose to learn?Whose bag is this?（4） 关系代词及连接代词Tell me the name of the girl whose parents

3、 you talked to just now. You may write about whatever topic you like.4、副词作定语只有时间和地点副词可作后置定语。People here like potatoes very much. Life then was very hard.5、名词作定语：名词作定语时，必须注意以下几点：（1）名词作定语只从作用或类别上修饰另一个名词。an apple tree； a meeting room（2） 名词作定语一般用单数，但man, woman例外。a boy student two boy students an apple t

4、ree two apple trees但：a man teacher some men teachers a woman nurse ten women nursesEx: Yesterday I went to a _ shop.A. shoe B. shoes C. shoes D. shoes另：a parents meeting , a sports meeting6、介词短语作定语 介词短语只能作后置定语。the bike under the tree； the pictures on the wall, the train between Beijing and Guangzhou

5、7、不定式作定语（1）不定式（短语）只能作后置定语。 I have nothing to fear.（2）不定式（短语）作定语时与所修饰的名词存在如下几种关系：主谓关系：He is the first teacher to use computer in our school.动状关系：Its time to go home.同位关系：We should have the right to vote.动宾关系：I have a meeting to attend this evening. （3） 不定式（短语）作定语与所修饰的名词有动宾关系时，要注意检验，并准确判断不定式用主动还是用被动.试

6、检验 ：I have nothing to be afraid.8、现在分词、过去分词作定语（待学）9、 动名词作定语（待学） 定语从句试译： “我们需要一位能把这项工作干得非常出色的人。”这个句子的定语已无法用前面提到的各种词与词组来表达，其定语须要一个句子来充当，这样就出现了定语从句。看下每组句子The book is very interesting. I bought it （the book） yesterday. 再译：我昨天买的书很有趣。The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定

7、语从句。The ruler is a new one. He is using it （the ruler）译：他在用的直尺是把新直尺。The ruler which he is using is a new one.二、定从的位置：一般紧跟它所修饰的名词。三、先行词：定从所修饰的词叫先行词。四、关系代词：定从中，代替先行词的词。关系代词的两个作用：引导作用；在从句中充当一个成份。思考：先行词有可能是人、物、时间、地点、原因、方式等，各种情况该怎么处理？1、 先行词是人时;I want a person. He can do the job well. 我想要一个能把这个工作做好的人。_The

8、 boy is my brother. You talked about the boy just now. 你刚才谈论的那个男孩是我弟弟。_The girl is from a poor family. You saw his parents just now. 刚才你见到了她父母的那个女孩来自一个贫穷的家庭。_总结一、当先行词是人时，关系代词在从句中作主语用who, 作宾语用whom, 作定语用whose.。在现代英语中，尤其是口语中，可用who代替whom。指人时，关系代词也可用that,（主、宾时）关系代词作宾语时也可省略。练习：用who, whom, whose, that填空、I

9、want to have a talk with the boy _ came late this morning.、The young man _ you sent to hospital yesterday is a reporter.、The girl _ handwriting is the best in our class is from Beijing.2、 先行词是物时I want a house. It has a beautiful garden. 我想要一栋带有一个美丽花园的房子。_Ive finished the book.I borrowed it from the

10、library the day before yesterday.我已看完了我前天从图书馆借的那本书。_The book is mine.Its （The books）cover is lost.封面掉了的那本书是我的。_总结二、当先行词是物时，关系代词可用that, which,作定语时，用whose。用适当的关系代词填空：The fan _ you are using is made of feather.We want some chairs _ are made of stone. We had a rest under a tree _ top is well above the t

11、op of others.3、 先行词是时间时 I still remember the days. We spent the days together in the countryside.我还记得我们一起在乡下度过的日子。_ Ill never forget the days.We worked together in a small factory those days.我永远忘不了我们一起在一家小工厂上班的日子。_ 总结三、当先行词是时间时，关系词若在从句中作主、宾等，用that或which, 若作时间状语，则用关系副词when.。用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：I still ke

12、ep in mind the hours _ we spent together happily at the seaside.Do you still remember the months and years _your family and my family lived together.4、 先行词是地点时 This is the factory. We visited the factory （it） last week.这就是我们上周参观的那家工厂。_ This is the school .My father works here. 这就是我父亲上班的学校。_ I want t

13、o see the house.Its roof is made of thatch.我想去看看那座用茅草盖的屋。_总结四、当先行词是地点时，关系词若在从句中作主、宾等，用that或which, 若作地点状语，则用关系副词where。Do you still remember the school _ we studied 10 years ago ?Our city is one _ gradually developed from a small village.Our factory was developed from a small workshop _ walls were mad

14、e of stone.5、 先行词是原因时The reason was not true.He gave it to the teacher.他给老师讲得原因不真实。_ Tell me the reason.You were late for school this morning for the reason.告诉我你今天早上上学迟到的原因。总结五、当先行词是原因时，关系词若在从句中作主、宾等，用that或which, 若作原因状语，则用关系副词why。Tell me the reason _ you work night and day.There are many reasons _ y

15、ou can find.6、 当先行词是方式时（way, means, method）, 且关系词在从句中作方式状语时：I dont like the way in which/the/不填 she talks.The means by which/that/不填 he solved the problem was good.五、应注意的几个问题：1、 which 与that下列情况只能用that 先行词被序数词及the next, the last修饰 e.g. This is first book that you give me. 先行词被形容词的最高级修饰 e.g. This is t

16、he best book that you give me.先行词是人和物（即两方面）e.g. I can still remember the person and things that I met at collage.先行词被表达数量的形容词修饰 e.g. many ,much ,few, little, some, any, no, several ,all先行词受到 the only, the very/right（恰恰是，正是）， 修饰先行词是不定代词 anything , something , nothing, everything, one, all, some, much

17、, little先行词是time且前面有序数词修饰 e.g. This is the first time that I give you lesson.主句为特殊疑问句，不避免重复。E.g. Which is the better book that you gave me.下列情况只能用which介词which结构原因）先行词在从句中作宾语，但从句中的谓语动词不及物，介词一旦提前，就会产生此结构e.g. This is the book which/that you are talking about. This is the book about which you are talkin

18、g.）先行词在句中作状语，由于先行词是名词，不能作状语，必须要搭配相应的介词e.g. The knife which I cut the apple is sharp. The knife with which I cut the apple is sharp. of which 表所属=whose（有the用which， 没the用whose）. This is the room whose windows face south. e.g This is the room of which the windows face south. This is the room the window

19、s of which face south. 非限定性定语从句必须使用which（物）（人who, whom, whose） e.g. I lost my bike, which my father bought me. 先行词 which, that 在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。2、关系代词作介词宾语时，介词前提的情况 This is the room. I lived in the room last term. This is the room where I lived last term. This is the room that /which/不填 I lived last te

20、rm. The is the room in which I lived in last term. 用适当的介词+关系代词填空。 The old man _ I shook hands just now is my first teacher.The students _ you are talking is our monitor.The book _ he shows much interest is a scientific fiction.The lake _ we swam yesterday is not far from here.The car _ we went to th

21、e park yesterday is my brothers.I will never forget the day _ I joined the League.Tell me the reason _ you were punished by the class teacher.3、作定语用whose +n=the+ n+ of which=of which the + n Its cover is lost. The book whose cover is lost is mine.The cover of the book/it is lost is mine. The book of

22、 which the cover is lost is mine.The cover of the book/it is lost. The book the cover of which is lost is mine.3、限制性定从与非限制生定从：限制性定语从句是先行词（即被修饰词）不可缺少的定语，限制性定语从句前不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果去掉，先行词所述对象仍很清楚，非限制性定语从句前常用逗号隔开。这里有两个例句及分析：Those who want to go camping please tell the monitor. 想去野营的人请告诉班长。（定语

23、从句who want to go camping在句中不可少，否则先行词those不知道指谁，也就变得无意义，因此它是限制性定语从句。）Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 足球风靡全世界，它是一项很有趣的运动。（定语从句which is a very interesting game只是对意义已很明确的football作一个补充说明，因此它是非限制性定语从句。非限制性定从的外部标志：从句用“，”隔开。非限制性定从的关系词：先行词是人，关系代词用who（作主语）， whom（作宾语），

24、 whose（作定语）；先行词时物时， 关系代词只能用which, 而不能用that。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词是不能省略的。4、as 引导的限制性定从以及as与 which 代替整个句子的情况引导非限制性定从的情况在下列结构：“the same as”，“such as”， “asas” “so many （much, few, little）as”，译作“像一样的人（或物）”定语从句的关系代词用asThis is such an easy novel as you can read.这本小说很容易，你能读得懂。They have never read so many books as I read last year.他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那些书。as与 which 代替整个句子的情况引导非限制性定从He said nothing at the meeting, which made the teacher very angry.He passed the examination successfully, as his parents had expected.5、 介词+whom/which + to do的类定语从句结构的不定式用法 This is a useful tool with which to cut steel. 这是可以用来