深圳新版牛津八年级下册Unit1zhi 4Word格式.docx

1、Our teachers encouraged us to work hard on our subjects. 5. 动词不定式作宾语补足语省略to的场合：（1）作动词let, make, have, feel, hear, see, watch, notice等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式不带to。Let him do the work.He made me work day and night.I saw him fall off the bike.（2）作动词help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式可带to, 也可不带to。He didnt help me （to） mend the bike

2、.You have helped （to） protect our environment. 6. 动词不定式的否定形式：not to + 动词原形Tell him not to be late. I will try not to read in bed. Remember not to waste water. 7. 动词不定式作状语：即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后，仅对谓语动词起一个补充说明的作用，如果没有它，句子意思仍然完整，它不像作宾语那样，与谓语动词有着密切的关系。（1）表示目的：The doctor came to operate on her.He has gone to town

3、 to do some shopping.I sat down to have a rest.He stopped to have a look.He rushed into the room to save the girl.They moved away the stone to let the traffic go.He got up early to catch the train.（2）表结果：The girl cried to make her mother angry.（3）表示程度：She is too tired to walk any farther.She is stro

4、ng enough to carry the heavy box.（4）表示原因：I was surprised to read the news.能带不定式作状语的形容词有：glad, happy, pleased, angry, clever, careful, surprised, lucky, ready, sorry, amazed, afraid, sad, unhappy, sure, free, kind, nice, worried, easy, hardUnit 2 Body language（语法）一、语法专项：动名词的用法。：1. 构成：以动词原形 + -ing构成。一

5、般情况下，直接在词尾加- ingcook-cooking, buy-buying, wait-waiting以不发音e结尾的动词，去掉e再加- inguse-using, make-making, ride-riding 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音的单词, 要双写最后一个字母后加- ingrun-running, stop-stopping, cut-cutting, begin-beginning, prefer-preferring少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加- ingdie-dying, lie-lying, tie-lying以oe, ee, ye结尾的动词，直接在词

6、尾加- ingsee-seeing, flee-fleeing, hoe-hoeing2. 动名词变化规则。动名词构成口诀：动名词变化有奥秘， -ing词尾跟得牢。重读闭音节要双写，哑音e结尾应去掉。ie变y很特殊，反复记忆有诀窍。跟踪练习：写出以下单词的动名词。run swim make begin go like write shop have sing dance put see love live take come get stop sit 3. 动名词的用法：（1）作主语：常位于句首，此时谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 注意：

7、当动名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式。 Swimming is her favourite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的运动。 （2）作动词和介词的宾语。 She likes singing and dancing. 她喜欢唱歌跳舞。注意：介词后出现动词时，通常要用动名词形式，不能用动词原形，通常也不用不定式。Thank you for helping us. 谢谢你帮助我们。He left without saying good-bye. 他没有告别就离开了。 （3）动名词可以有自己的宾语。Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容

8、易。 He enjoys playing basketball. 他喜爱打篮球。（4）跟踪练习： 1. The retired couple enjoy_ photos. They always go out with their cameras. A. take B. took C. to take D. taking 2. Thanks very much for _ me to your birthday party. A. invite B. inviting C. invited D. to invite4. 与动词搭配的doing用法：1keep doing sth 一直作某事Ke

9、ep driving until you see the cinema, then turn left. 开着车一直向前，看见电影院就向左拐。2be busy doing sth 忙于做某事He was busy doing his homework. 他正忙于写家庭作业。3spend time / money （in） doing sth 花时间/ 金钱做某事He spends much time playing every day. 他每天花许多时间玩耍。4finish doing sth 完成某事Can you finish writing in ten minutes？ 你十分钟能写完

10、吗？5enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事The boy enjoyed listening to music. 这个男孩喜欢听音乐。6mind doing sth 介意做某事Do you mind my opening the window? 你介意我开窗户吗？7feel like doing sth 想要做某事Im not feeling well. I dont feel like eating. 我感觉不舒服。我不想吃东西。8stop （keep, prevent） sb/ sth from doing sth 阻止某人/某物做某事My dad stopped me from g

11、oing out. 我爸爸不让我出去。9thank for doing sth 为了某事而感谢某人Thank you so much for inviting me. 非常感谢你邀请我。10waste time/ money doing sth 浪费时间/金钱做某事Dont waste time reading such books. 不要浪费时间读这样的书。11be worth doing sth 值得做某事The teacher thought Tom was not worth teaching. 老师认为汤姆不值得教。12cant help doing sth 情不自禁（忍不住）做某事

12、She could not helping laughing after she heard the story. 当她听了这个故事后，情不自禁地笑了起来。13give up doing sth 放弃做某事The doctor told me to give up smoking. 医生告诉我要戒烟。14be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used to living in the countryside. 我的爷爷习惯于住在乡下。15what about / how about doing sth 做某事怎么样What/ How about pl

13、aying football this afternoon? 今天下午踢足球怎么样？16have trouble doing sth 很费劲地做某事We had a lot of trouble finding the book you wanted. 我们费劲周折才找到您要的书。17practise doing sth 练习做某事You should practise speaking English as much as possible. 你应当尽可能多地练习说英语。18It is no use （good） doing sth 做没用Its no good complaining. 抱

14、怨是没有用的。19no + doing 禁止，不准No parking! 不准停车！20look forward to doing sth 盼望着做某事Im looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望着收到你的来信。21pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事You must pay attention to protecting the environment.你要注意保护环境。22suggest doing sth 建议做某事I suggest going there by train. 我建议乘火车去那里。23avoid do

15、ng sth 避免做某事The book tells you how to avoid getting ill while traveling.这本书告诉你怎样在旅行期间防止生病。24do + some + doingdo some cooking/ shopping / cleaning/ washing/ reading/ 做饭（购物，打扫卫生，洗衣服，读书）25go + doing去做某事go shopping/ fishing / swimming/ skating/ boating/ climbing the hill/ hunting / hiking / sightseeing（

16、去购物 /钓鱼 / 游泳/ 滑冰/ 划船/ 爬山 / 远足/ 观光）Unit 3 Traditional skills语法【教材典句】1. No nets are required for this type of fishing.2. Cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in South-East China.3. A music show will be held in the school hall at 4 p.m on Tuesday, 4 May.【语法全解】英语的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作

17、的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1. 基本构成 被动语态的基本构成形式为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态变化。 Football is played all over the world. Is it made of bamboo?2. 基本变法（1）将主动语态句中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中介词by的宾语。（2）将主动语态句中的谓语动词变成“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”形式，但时态不改变。（3）助动词be要与新的主语保持单、复数的一致；若主语和宾语时人称代词时，“格”应该作相应的变化。如： The workers

18、 make machines in this factory. Machines are made by the workers in this factory.3. 省去by短语的几个条件（1）不知道、没必要或不想说出动作执行者时。 Rice is grown well there.（2）强调说明动作的承受者。 I was sent to teach them English.（3）汉语中有“据说，大家说”等时。 It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.4. 各时态的被动语态（1）一般现在时的被动语态 构成：am/ i

19、s/ are +过去分词 I am often given gifts by Tom. The things on show are all made in China. Is the room cleaned every day?（2）一般过去时的被动语态was/ were+ 过去分词 Jim was asked to go there. The heavy snow stopped the visitors from leaving the top of the mountain. =The visitors were stopped from leaving the top of the

20、 mountain by the heavy snow.（3）一般将来时的被动语态构成：wii be+ 过去分词或am/ is/ are going to + be+ 过分分词Lots of trees will be planted on the hill next year.The children wont be allowed to go out at night.Is the bridge going to be built by the workers next year? 特殊情况：复合宾语的被动语态 感官动词和使役动词在主动语态句中，其后的动词不定式不带to，但变被动句时必须加

21、上to。 The boss made her work for 10 hours a day. She was made to work for 10 hours a day.【语法练习】1. -Excuse me. Im looking for be the best of yourself. -Sorry. The book you ask for _ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 2. Each year quite a lot of food _ around the world. Its re

22、ally time for us to do something. A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted D. will be wasted3. Flowers _ along the road last year. A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted 4. It is said that a new museum _ in our city next year. A. builds B. is building C. was built D. will be built 5. -Does s

23、he like singing English songs? -Yes. She _ to sing English songs in her room. A. often does B. is often heard C. often hears D. often heard 知识点讲解与拓展：1. character：n. 人物、角色Yue Fei is a great historical character.2. think of 考虑、思考Im thinking of going to Paris for vacation.拓展：think of：想起、记起 I cant think

24、 of his name. think of：对有某种看法，常用于“What do you think of”句型中 What do you think of the book？3. add to& add toadd to把加到上Please add some salt to the water.add to添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象名词）Do you have anything to add to the list?4. record v. 录音Ive recorded the whole concert.record n. 记录 set the record创造记录 break the

25、 record打破记录 hold the record保持记录5. decide on 决定、选定What made you decide on Plan A?6. basic adj. 基础的，基本的base basis （n.）基础 basic （adj.）基本的 basically （adv,）基本上7. Here it is.以here和there开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，主谓倒装。Here you are. 给你。 Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。8. forget v. 忘记forget to do忘记要做某事（动作没

26、发生）I forget to turn off the light.forget doing忘记做过某事（动作已发生）I forget opening the door.9. look like 看上去像Tom looks like his father.提问长相： What do/ dose sb. look like? 提问性格： What is sb. like?10. appear v. 显得，看来，似乎A woman suddenly appeared in the doorway.appear （to be）+ adj./ n. She appears （to be） happy at the news. appear to do sth. You appear to travel quite a lot.11. a little& a bit1） 两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词（原级或比较级），或动词。 Im a little/ bit hungry.2） 用作形容词做定语时，a little修饰不可数名词，而a bit后面加of再加不可数名词。 Theres a little water.= Theres a bit of water.