1、 那是一只猫,你能拼出它的名字吗?3. listen/ hear 1)listen意为“听”,强调听的动作,当后接听的对象时要加to。Listen! Who is talking? 听!谁在讲话?Were listening to the teacher. 我们正在听老师讲课。2)hear意为“听到”,强调听的结果。Im listening to the teacher, but I cant hear him. 我正在听老师讲课,但我听不见他讲的话。4. notat all/ Not at all 1) notat all意为“根本不,一点也不”,not放在助动词之后。He doesnt s
2、tudy hard at all. 他学习一点也不认真。2) Not at all. 意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,回答对方的感谢、道歉时用语。“Thank you very much.” “Not at all.” “非常感谢。”“不用谢。”5. speak/ say / tell/ talk 这四个词都有“说”之意。1)speak强调说话的能力和方式,后常接说的某种语言。Do you speak English? 你讲英语?2)say强调说的内容。What is he saying? 他在说什么?3)tell意为“告诉”,后常接双宾语或复合宾语。Let me tell you a story
3、. 让我给你们讲个故事吧。 The teacher often tells us to study hard. 老师经常叫我们努力学习。4)talk为不及物动词,构成短语talk with, talk to, talk about等。What are they talking about? 他们正在谈论什么?6. old/ age old(指年龄),表示“岁的”意思,常和how 一起构成疑问句。How old are you? 你多大?age是“年龄”的意思,通常和what一起构成特殊疑问句。What age is he? 或Whats his age? 他多大了?介词+名词归纳1in+语言:
4、表示用什么语言或用什么语言说(或写)。Whats this in English? He is writing a letter to his father in Chinese. 2in pairs意为“成双地”,“成对地”,“两人一组”。Please ask and answer in pairs. 3in the wall 表示在墙里面。There is a hole in the wall. 如果表示在墙的表面或墙上,用on the wall。She put a map of China on the wall. 4at work意为“在工作”,work前不加the。类似这样的词组还有
5、at home(在家),at school(上学),at table(就餐)等。5by+交通工具:表示“乘”。by like= on the bikeby train= on the train, by boat= on the boat by plane / air = on the plane, by ship= on the ship by car = in the car, by bus =in the bus等。但:步行则用on foot来表达。6on ones way表示“在去的途中”。He found a dog walking in the street on his way
6、home.on ones way to school 在某人上学的途中on ones way back 在某人的途中7on duty表示“值日”。Whos on duty today? 今天谁值日?I am on duty. 我值日。动词+介词&副词结构1动词+介词结构。这类词组无论其宾语是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。look after= take care of 照看,照料 look like 看上去像look at 看 worry about 对担忧come from =be from 来自get to 到达 work on 从事,操作turn on(off)打开,(关掉) come
7、 into 进入2动词+副词结构这类词组后接宾语时,宾语如果是名词既可放在动词与副词之间,也可放在副词之后;如果是人称代词,多放在动词和副词之间。hand up 举起手来 put on 穿上;挂上(贴上) take off 脱掉 put away 把放好;把收起来There be和to have句型这两个句型都表示“有”的意思。There be表示“存在”的关系,to have侧重“所属关系”。There are forty students in our class. We have a happy family. 使用There be和to have句型时还应注意以下几点:1There b
8、e句型中的就近一致原则。即be的形式与靠近它的主语一致。There is a table and two chairs in the room. There are four chairs and a table in the room. 2就There be句型中的主语提问时,往往把there这个引导词省掉。There is a book on the desk. (就划线部分提问)Whats on the desk?3当表示某物属于另一物中不可分割的一部分时,往往用to have句型。桌子有四条腿。The table has four legs. 4美国英语常用have got表示“有”。
9、They have got an English-Chinese dictionary.二考试热点1人称代词和物主代词的运用2疑问词的正确运用。3be与主语的数的一致性4介词的常见用法5人称代词的主格和宾格6现在进行时和一般现在时。主要题型有用所给词的适当形式填空、交际运用。7交际运用三重、难点突破1代词的正确运用,疑问词的运用及be的使用。在运用代词时,我们应从所替代名词的数、性别着手,并根据它在句中的位置来确定是主格还是宾格,是用名词性物主代词还是形容词性物主代词具体来说,在主语的位置用主格;在动词、介词或副词后作宾语时,要用宾格而形容词性物主代词后面要带名词2疑问词的使用则要根据疑问词能
10、作什么成分,是问时间、地点,颜色,人还是物等以及其答语来做出选择3be的使用要看主语是单数名词、不可数名词、还是复数名词来确定。4正确区分可数名词和不可数名词十分重要。不可数名词作主语时,谓语要用单数,而可数名词又有单复数之分。一般地,many、a fewfew只修饰可数名词,much、a littlelittle只修饰不可数名词,而some、any、a lot of、lots“两者均可修饰。5现在进行时的使用关键在于其构成和依其常用的时态标志词,如look、listen,now等来判断一般现在时的难点在其疑问、否定的变化和当主语为单数第三人称时其谓语动词的变化。现在以work为例来看看一般现
11、在时的句式变化规律。He works everydayHe doesnt work every dayDoes he work every day?即一般变化规律(注意:谓语动词为行为动词或连系动词时;be型不在此例)主语+谓语十其他否定,主语+dontdoesnt+谓语动词原形+其他疑问:DoDoes主语+谓语动词原形+其他?总之,这两种时态的正确使用关键在于用法和常用时间状语。四典型例题【考题导析】例1 语音题:选出划线部分的读音与其他三个划线部分读音不同的单词。 (1)A. lake B. cat C. take D. cake (2)A. bed B. desk C. she D. l
12、et (3)A. fish B. fine C. nice D. time (4)A. box B. hot C. shop D. home分析:此题考查元音字母在重读开音节、闭音节中的读音。关键之处是学生对重读开音节、闭音节要了解。(1)小题的A、B、C、D中只有B是闭音节,a发音,其余都是开音节,a发ei音。(2)小题C为开音节,e发i:音,其余都是闭音节,e发e音。(3)小题A为闭音节,i发i音,其余都是开音节,i发ai音。(4)小题D为开音节,o发音,其余都是闭音节,。发音。例2 选择填空A. _ pencil-box is this, Patrick?B. Its _. A. Who
13、se, mine B. Whos, mine C. Whose, my D. Whos my 此题考查疑问词的正确使用及两种物主代词的用法。首先要分清Whose 与Whos的读音相同,但含义不同。Whose“谁的”Who“是谁”“谁是”根据题意,询问“铅笔盒是谁的?”那么答案从A和C中选择。而形容词性的物主代词要用于名词之前,名词性物主代词相当于一个形容词性的物主代词和名词,故此题答案为A。例3 I found the bottle in _ room. A. Sara and Kate B. Saras and Kates C. Saras and Kate D. Sara and Kate
14、此题考查名词所有格。英语中表示所属,在人名后加上s,但两人共有一物,只在最后一人名后加s。故此题答案为D。例4 Jack and Tom are _. A. good friends B .good friend C. a good friend D. good a friend此题考查名词的数与be动词的一致性。Jack和Tom是两人,谓语是are, 故朋友“friend”一词应加s,所以答案为A。例5 1)Whos that?_. A. Im Tom speaking B. My name is Tom C. Tom speak D. This is Tom speaking2)_? Th
15、is is Mr. Smith speaking now. A. Who are you B. Whos that C. Who are you calling D. What do you want to say此两题考查英语打电话的交际用语。打电话中问对方是谁,要说“Whos that?”,不能说“Who are you?”。而回答“我是”要说This is, 不能说I am。故答案为1) D2) B。例6 Lily, its Lindas birthday tomorrow. Oh yes. I will buy _ a big birthday cake. A. him B. you
16、C. her D. it此题考查人称代词的正确使用。根据语境分析,准备给Linda买蛋糕,由于Linda是女孩的名字,故要用“她”一词来代替,而用于动词后的人称代词要用宾格,所以正确答案为C。例7 Is this cake for_? A. I B. my C. me D. mine此题同样考查人称代词用于介词之后应用宾格这一用法,所以C答案为正确的。例8 Listen! Someone_ in the next room. A. cry B. is crying C. are crying D. crying此题有一关键词listen,提示此处应用现在进行时态填空。而Someone作主语时,
17、谓语用单数形式,故答案为B。例9 How many _ do you want? A. glasses of milk B. glass of milks C. glasses of milks D. milks此题有两处应该注意:一是不可数名词无复数形式;二是How many与可数名词的复数形式搭配。所以此题正确答案为A。例10 There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some英语中“有”可以用there be结构和have/has,但两者
18、用法不同。there be表示存在有,即“某地有”;而have/ has表示所有,即“某人(物)有”。此题的on the desk表明某地有,C、D则不能选。而根据there be句型中主谓一致、就近的原则,pencil-box没有用复数形式。故答案选A。例11 (山东省淄博市,2002)Thats coat. Its A. yours,Toms B. your, Tom,x C your,Tom D. yours,Tom此题考查代词和名词所有格的用法。名词性物主代词相当于一个形容词性物主代词加上一个名词,故由第一空可排除A、D两项,又由句竟“它是汤姆的上衣”知,应选B解后反思 根据句意和所处
19、位置来确定代词是解题的关键。例12 (兰州市,2002) 一This is a photo of when they were young 一OK,how happy they both looked Amy father and mother B. my mother and father Cmy mothers and fathers D. my fathers and my mother此题考查名词的所有格,A、D不合所有格用法,故可以排除。又由题意可知这张相片是共有的,故选B解后反思 英语中名词表示所属,在人名后加s,如两人共有一物,则在最后一人名后加s,若为两人各自所有的,则在两人名
20、后分别加s例13 (青岛市,2003) - Where my money?I cant find it. Look! some money under your chair A. There has B. There are C There is D lt分析: 此题显然考查there be句型。there be句型中be的数要采取就近原则,即be的效由离它最近的主语来决定,本题主语some money是不可数名词,故谓语要用单数,所以选C,解后反思 在there be句型中不会出现have的各种形式。例14 (北京市海淀区,2002)Can I get you a drink? Thats
21、very nice of you. Ive already got_. A. it B. one C. that D. this此题考查这四个指示代词的用法。当被替代的名词前有修饰语时,要用one或ones。当替代不可数名词时不能用one,只用that。而it替代同类事物中的同一件事物。this是近指,往往替代即将要说的,且that,this,it前均不带修饰语,故此题选B。例15 (泉州市,2002)Im thirstyI want to buy A. two bottles of oranges B. two bottles of orange C. two bottle of orang
22、es Dtwo bottle of orange此题考查不可敷名词的计量表达法。oranges是橘子之意,显然与thirsty不符,故A、C可排除,D也不行,选B。解后反思 orange是多义词,当“橘汁”讲时,是不可数名词,当“橘子”讲是可数名词不可数名词的量化常用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”结构,当数量超过一时,量词应用复数,如本题B例16 (北京市海淀区,2002) Look! The boys happily in the river A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. are swimming此题考查谓语的时态。由look这一关键词可知,此处应用现在进
23、行时,故答案为D解后反思 谓语动词的时态是由时间状语、暗示词或上下文来确定的,它的数由主语决定。所以,做这种题,要纵观全局。例17 (厦门市,2003) Kate has lost keys,so she asks for helpA. her,mine B. hers,me C。hers,I D. her,me此题考查代词的用法。由前空所处位置知该空应填形容词性物主代词,而后句意为“她向寻求帮助”即asks sb. for help。故后空应填代词宾格。故选D,解后反思 作宾语的代词要用宾格,而作定语的代词要用形容词性物主代词。【正误例析】1那个男孩是谁?误:Whose that boy?正
24、:Whos that boy?析:whose和whos虽然发音一样,但在句子中的功能却大不相同。前者表示“谁的”,作定语用,后者表示“是谁”,是系表结构。(有时whos也可作主谓结构)。Whose book is this?Whos that girl over there?Whos talking in the next room?2这条裤子是我的。This trouser is mine. This pair of trousers is mine. & The trousers are mine. 某物如果是由两个对称的部分组成的,该物应用复数形式。如shoes, glasses, co
25、mpasses(圆规)等。如果表示“一条,一双,一副”等时,往往用a(this, that)pair of+该物。这一结构作主语时谓语动词用单数。如果前面与物主代词或名词所有格连用作主语时,谓语动词用复数。That pair of glasses is hers. My shoes are black. 3请把你的自行车借给我。Please borrow your bike to me. Please lend your bike to me. & Please lend me your bike. lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.意为“把某物借给某人”,即从物主那儿借出去。borrow sth. from sb.意为“从某人那儿借来某物”。五强化训练I单词拼写A)按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。1. family(复数) _ 2. my(名词性物主代词)_3. swim(现在分词)_ 4.
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