1、 We often help him.(代词作宾语) He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语) We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。(动名词短语作宾语) 说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。 说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象,直接宾语指物,间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人,
2、间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。 不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。give, show(给看),bring, pass, buy等。(1)Our teacher tells us a story. (2)The sun gives us light. 间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后,在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。间接宾语前加“to”的有: give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refu
3、se(拒绝)等。间接宾语加“for”的有:make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等 (1)I give him a book. 改成: (2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我。) 改成: (3)He writes me a letter. 改成:(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:(四)宾语补足语 在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足
4、语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。They make her happy.(形容词) I see her dance.(不定式) Well help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词) Please let him in.(副词) We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)(五)表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。I am a teacher.(名词) He is always happy.(形容词) They are on t
5、he playground now.(介词短语) It gets cold.(形容词) Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)系动词 表保持(keep, stay, remain) 表改变(get, become, turn) 感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来)It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语) We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词, careful为表语) (六)定语 定语是用来修饰名词或代词
6、的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。 单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。The black bike is mine.(形容词) Whats your name?(代词) They make paper flowers.(名词) 说明1:当定语修饰不定代词:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面。I tell him something interesting. (形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语) He has something to do.
7、(to do为不定式作后置定语) 说明2:短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。)(七)状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。He did it carefully.(副词) We often help him.(副词) Her mother goes out to do some shopping
8、on Sunday.(介词短语) When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时间状语) He sits there.(副词地点状语)练习:(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语My brotherdoesntdohis homework.A B C DPeoplealloverthe worldspeakEnglish. A B C D You must paygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation. A B C D How many newwordsyoulearn? A B C D Some of thestudentsin
9、 the school wantto go swimming,howaboutyou? A B C D(二) 挑出下列句中的表语 The old manisfeelingverytired. Why isheworriedJim? A B C DTheleaveshaveturnedyellow. A B C D SoonTheybecome interestedin the subject. A B C D Shethe firstto learnabout it.(三) 挑出下列句中的定语 useMr. Mrs. with thefamilyname.Whatgivenname? On t
10、hethirdlapareClass 1 and Class 3. A B C D I amafraidsomepeopleforgotto sweepthe floor.The mandownstairswastryingto sleep.(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 Shelikesthe childrento read newspapers and booksin thereading-room.A B C D Heasksherto take the boyout of school.A B C D Shefinditdifficultto do the work. Theycal
11、lmeLilysometimes.IsawMr. Wangget on the bus.A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的状语Therea big smileon her face.Every nightheardthe noiseupstairs. HebeganEnglishwhen he was eleven.on the motorbikeis travellingto fast.With the medicine box under her arm,MissLihurried off.(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语( ) Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. Does he leave any message for me?句子结构基本句型一:(主语)(系动词)(表语)1. This2. The dinner3. Everything4. He5. The trouble6. Our well7. He8. His facesmellslooksis growingis
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1