1、 They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 2、be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如: The window was broken by Tom.窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。 3、be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容: A、表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如: He is to go to New York next week.他下周要去纽约。 We are to tea
2、ch the freshpersons.我们要教新生。 说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。 B、表示命令,例如: You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释。 He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室。 C、征求意见,例如: How am I to answer him?我该怎样答复他? Who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢? D、表示相约、商定,例如: We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明
3、天早晨7点在校门口集合 第二节 Do 的作用 动词do在句中的作用可以概述为四句十二字:做实义,助动词,替前文,强语气。 作用一:实义,动词do do作实义动词时,有do, does, did, done, doing五种形式,还有及物、不及物之分。如: 1、做;研究;整理;完成。 The old man does an hour of sport every day. She did her homework at home last night. Mother was doing the cooking when I reached home. Have you done the exer
4、cises yet? 2、行动;工作;进展;足够。 Kate does very well in her Chinese. How do you do? Well done! That will do. 作用二:助动do do作助动词时,只有do, does, did三种形式,无词义,限用于含行为动词的一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态的否定句和疑问句中。 They dont have any tickets for tonights concert. Kate stayed at home last night, didnt she? How many books does the librar
5、y have? She doesnt do the washing in the evening. 作用三:替代do 为避免动词的重复,使语言简练,常以do, does, did替代前文所用的行为动词。 Tom runs much faster than you do. -Lucy, can you get some more tea, please? -Sure. Ill do it right away. -Who broke the cup? -Mimi did. -I like bananas. -So does he. 作用四:语气do 为突出感情色彩,do常用于祈使句、强调句和倒装
6、句中,以加强语气。 Do be careful. Dont tell a lie. He did come. -You often go to the park. -So we do. 第三节 介词for的用法 1. 表示“当作、作为”。如: I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 What will we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么? 2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。 Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。 Thank y
7、ou for your last letter. 谢谢你上次的来信。 Thank you for teaching us so well. 感谢你如此尽心地教我们。 3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给”、“对 (而言)”。 Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。 Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。 4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。 I usually do the running for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。 We wil
8、l stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。 5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。 Lets go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。 I came here for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。 I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。 6. 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于的”。 Its time for school. 到上学的时间了。 Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。 7. 表示“支持、赞成”。 Are you for t
9、his plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划? 8. 用于一些固定搭配中。 Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁? For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher. 比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。 第四节 with的用法 with 是介词,但其意义颇多,一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪,这里以教材中的句子为例,进行分类,并配以简单的解释 1. 带着,牵着 (表动作特征)。Run with the kite like this. 2. 附加、附带着(表事物特征)。 A glass of apple juice,
10、 two glasses of coke, two hamburgers with potato chips, rice and fish. 3. 和 (某人)一起。 a. 跟某人一起(居住、吃、喝、玩、交谈) 。 Now I am in China with my parents. Sometimes we go out to eat with our friends. b. 跟go, come 连用,有 加入到某方的意思。Do you want to come with me? 4. 和play一起构成短语动词play with 意为玩耍,玩弄 如: Two boys are playin
11、g with their yo-yos. 5. 与help 一起构成 help.with.句式,意为帮助 (某人) 做 (某事)。 On Monday and Wednesday, he helps his friends with their English. 6. 表示面部神情,有含着,带着 如: Im late for school, said Sun Yang, with tears in his eyes. 7. 表示 用 如:You play it with your feet. What do the farmers do with your machines? 8. 表示 对,
12、 关于。Whats wrong with it? Theres something wrong with my computer. 第五节 some与any的用法 (一)some 的用法 some 一些,某些,某个。可代替名词和形容词。常用于肯定句。在句子中用作主语、宾语、定语。作定语时,它可以修饰单数可数名词和复数可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。 1. 用于肯定句 Ask some boys to help you.(修饰复数可数名词) 叫些男孩来帮助你。 Please bring some coffee.(修饰不可数名词) 请拿些咖啡来。 Ask some girl to come her
13、e.(修饰单数可数名词) 叫(某)个女孩来这儿。 2. some 用于疑问句时表示“请求、邀请或希望得到肯定的回答”。 Would you like some coffee?(表示请求、邀请) 请喝咖啡。 Have you some stamps?(希望得到肯定的回答) 你有邮票吧? (二)any 的用法 any 一些,任何。常用于否定句或疑问句,也可以用于条件状语从句。作定语时,它可以修饰复数形式的可数名词和不可数名词。 1. 用于疑问句或否定句 Are there any cows in the fields?(修饰复数形式的可数名词) 田里有一些牛吗? There wont be any
14、 trouble.(修饰不可数名词) 没有任何麻烦。 2. 用于条件状语从句 If there is any trouble, let me know. 如果有什么麻烦,要让我知道。 3. any 用于肯定句时,通常要重读,修饰单数可数名词和不可数名词。 Any time you want me, just send for me. 什么时候你需要我,随时叫我来。 Come any day you like. 只要你喜欢,随时可以来。 第六节 How many和How much的区别和用法 大家都知道how many和how much是用来提问多少,的意思,那么how many和how much有什么区别吗? 1、所修饰词的不同 how m
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