WikipediaCharging stationWord格式.docx

1、ConvertedToyota Priirecharging at public charging stations inSan Francisco（2009）Brammo Empulseelectric motorcycleat anAeroVironmentcharging stationAnelectric vehicle charging station, also calledEV charging station,electric recharging point,charging pointandEVSE（Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment）, i

2、s an element in an infrastructure that supplieselectric energyfor the recharging ofplug-in electric vehicles, includingall-electric cars,neighborhood electric vehiclesplug-in hybrids.Asplug-in hybrid electric vehiclesbattery electric vehicleownership is expanding, there is a growing need for widely

3、distributed publicly accessible charging stations, some of which support faster charging at higher voltages and currents than are available from domestic supplies. Many charging stations are on-street facilities provided by electric utility companies, mobile charging stations have been recently intr

4、oduced. Some of these special charging stations provide one or a range of heavy duty or special connectors and/or charging without a physical connection using parking places equipped withinductive chargingmats.Contentshide 1Overviewo 1.1International statuso 1.2Safetyo 1.3Standards 2Mode 1: Househol

5、d socket and extension cord 3Mode 2: Domestic socket and cable with a protection device 4Mode 3: Specific socket on a dedicated circuit 5Mode 4: Direct current （DC） connection for fast rechargingo 5.1Evolution 6Charging time 7Infrastructure 8Smart grid communication 9Deployment of public charging st

6、ationso 9.1Locationso 9.2Vehicle and charging station projects and joint ventures 10Charging station manufacturerso 10.1DC charging stations （fast）o 10.2Charging network operatorso 10.3Feudo 10.4EV charging station signso 10.5Block heater power supplies 11Battery swapping 12Renewable electricity and

7、 RE charging stationso 12.1SPARC stationo 12.2E-Move charging stationo 12.3Wind-powered charging station 13See also 14Notes 15External linksOvervieweditPublic-domain European charge station signU.S. traffic sign used for EV charging stationA charging station inMonza,ItalyInternational statuseditAs o

8、f December 2012, around 50,000 non-residential slow charging points were deployed in the U.S., Europe, Japan and China.1As of September 2013, there were 3,073 quick chargers deployed around the world, with 1,858 in Japan, 897 in Europe and 306 in the United States.2As of December 2013, Estonia is th

9、e first and only country that had completed the deployment of anEV charging networkwith nationwide coverage, with 165 fast chargers available along highways at a minimum distance of between 40 to 60km （25 to 37mi）, and a higher density in urban areas.345As of March 2013, 5,678 public charging statio

10、ns existed across the United States, with 16,256 public charging points, of which 3,990 were located inCalifornia, 1,417 inTexas, and 1,141 inWashington.67As of November 2012, about 15,000 charging stations had been installed in Europe.8As of March 2013, Norway, which has the highest electric owners

11、hip per capita, had 4,029 charging points and 127 quick charging stations.9As part of its commitment to environmental sustainability, the Dutch government initiated a plan to establish over 200 charging stations across the country by 2015. The rollout will be undertaken by Switzerland-based power an

12、d automation company ABB and Dutch startup Fastned, and will aim to provide at least one station every 50 kilometres （31 miles） for the Netherlands 16 million residents.10As of December 2012, Japan had 1,381 public quick-charge stations, the largest deployment of fast chargers in the world, but only

13、 around 300 slow chargers.1As of December 2012,Chinahad around 800 public slow charging points, and no fast charging stations.1As of December 2012, the country with the highest ratio of quick chargers to electric vehicles （EVSE/EV） was Japan, with a ratio of 0.030, and the Netherlands had the larges

14、t ratio of slow EVSE/EV, with more than 0.50, while the U.S had a slow EVSE/EV ratio of 0.20.1As of September 2013, the largest public charging networks inAustraliaexist in the capital cities ofPerthMelbourne, with around 30 stations （7kW AC） established in both citiessmaller networks exist in other capital cities.11SafetyeditAlthough most rechargeable electric vehicles and equipment can be recharged from a domestic