句子成分定语从句名词性从句状语从句详解文档格式.docx

1、4情态动词： can/could/ may/might二 副词一般修饰动词/形容词/副词 基本分类：1 时间副词 now/ago/once/already 2 地点副词 here/downstairs/back /outside/ off 3 方式副词 carefully/fast/suddenly 4 程度副词 almost/very/so/much/deeply 5 频度副词 always/ usually/sometimes三 句子成分：构成句子的各个部分。A 主语- 可由以下表示：1 名词： American music has become more and more popular

2、.2 代词：Who is the man standing over there?3 数词：One-third of the students are girls.4 不定式：To swim in the river is a great pleasure.= It is a great pleasure to swim in the river （It 是形式主语）5 动名词：Smoking does harm to the health.6 从句： When we are going to have the test is clear.B. 谓语在句中一般由动词充当1.He practic

3、es running every morning.2.He has caught a cold.3.We may keep the book for two weeks. C. 表语一般位于系动词之后可由以下表示：1 代词：Is it yours/ It is mine.2 形容词：The weather has turned cold.3 分词：The teacher is pleased with my work. His job is to teach English.His hobby is playing football.D. 宾语一般位于Vt 或 介词之后可由以下表示： He i

4、s going to buy a dictionary.We should learn from him.3 不定式： He decided not to see me.4 动名词：He practices running every morning.分类：分为直接宾语（动作的承受者，通常指物）和间接宾语（动作所向的人或物，通常指人）He sent me a present.=He sent a present to me. （me 间宾/ a present 直宾）He bought her a map= He bought a map for her. 有些Vt 如：make/have/g

5、et/let/find/call/see/notice/hear/watch除了跟有一个宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语来说明宾语的状态才能使句子完整。E. 宾语补足语可由以下表示：His father named him Dongming.They painted their house white.You mustnt get him to lend your money./ We notice him enter the office.4. 分词： I heard her singing this song. I had/got my bicycle repaird.5. 介词： Whene

6、ver you may go, you will find him at work. F. 定语是修饰名词或代词的词或短语或从句1 形容词： a beautiful city2 分词： a developing country= a country which is developing / a fallen tree= a tree which has fallen 3 代词： his progressHe has a lot of work to finish. She has a chair to sit on 5 从句： Those who will go to the park wi

7、ll meet at the gate.G. 状语是修饰动词/形容词/副词,说明动作或状态的句子成分，在初中所学的范围一般由副词或一些短语表现。 They study hard. He was so sad. He speaks English quite well. He go to school on foot 四简单句的五个基本类型*句子分为简单句并列句复合句简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子。Both Tom and Jack enjoy music./ We sang and danced yesterday.1 主语+系动词+表语 She felt ve

8、ry happy.2. 主语+Vi Winter is coming.3. 主语+Vt+宾语 He began learning music.4. 主语+Vt+双宾（间宾+直宾） He teaches us chemistry. She gave me a book.5. 主语+Vt+宾语+宾补 He found the man dead./ He likes to watch the boys playing football.五并列句含有两个或更多的相互并列的主谓结构的句子，结构是：分句+并列连词+分句1. 同等概念 and/not onlybut also/ neithernor The

9、 boy not only passed the exam, but also got the high scores. = Not only did the boy pass the exam, but also got the high scores. （ Not only 开头的倒装句，前倒后不倒）2. 选择 or/otherwise （否则） Hurry up, or you will miss the bus. I must work much harder, otherwise I cant catch up with the other classmates.3. 转折 but

10、/while（但,强调对比）/however（后面接逗号） One cant see air, however, it does exist. Some experiments are difficult while others are easy.4. 因果 so/for/therefore I have to stay at home, for it is raining heavily outside. It was raining, therefore we remained at home.5. 条件 祈使句+ and +主语+will do Work harder and you

11、will succeed.= If you work harder, you will succeed. One more time and I will do it better= If I am given one more time , I will do it betterEx. 1.It is often said that the joy of traveling is _in arriving at your destination _in the journey itself. A. /; but B. /;or C. not;or D. not; but 2. I thoug

12、ht wed be later for the concert, _we ended up getting there ahead of time. A. but B. or C.so D. for 3. Help others whenever you can _you will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. and B. so C. but D. or 4. Id like to study law at university _my cousin prefers geography. A. though B. as C. whil

13、e D. for 5. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _his eyesight was beginning to fall. A. and B. for C. but D. or 6. I grew up in Africa, _at least I should say that I spent much of the first ten years of my life there. A. and B. or C. so D. but 7. Reality is not the way you wish things to be,

14、 nor the way they appear to be, _the way they actually are. A. as B. or C. but D. and 易混淆的it句型：It is /has been 时间段 since sb. did sth. 某人自从以来，已有It will （not） be 时间段 before sb. do sth. 要过多久/不久才It was 时间段 before sb. did sth 过了多久才It was not long before he sensed the danger of the situation.It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.It will not be long before they understand each other.I