必修四-unit4-grammarPPT文档格式.ppt

1、（1）The _ waiter came up to us and said,“You are welcome.”A.smiling B.smiled C.smile D.to smile（2）The wolf（狼狼）spoke in a _ voice and Mr.Dongguo felt_.A.frightening;frightened B.frightened;frightened C.frighten;frightening D.frightening;frighteningAA（3）Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.A.asle

2、ep B.sleep C.sleeping D.slept（4）The _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.A.shaking B.shook C.shaken D.shake CAThe ing-form as the Adverbial（状语状语）I met him yesterday.He did it carefully.To catch up with my classmates,I must study hard.The war broke out in 1990 in a small town.Without h

3、is help，we couldnt work it out.状语状语？Hearing the bell,the students began to enter the classroom.听见铃声，学生们开听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）发生）Having done the work,he went home.完成完成了工作，他就回家了。了工作，他就回家了。现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的个句子，表示动作发生的原因原因、时间时间、方式方

4、式、结果结果、条件条件、伴随状况伴随状况等。现在分词等。现在分词一般不一般不用作表目的地状语用作表目的地状语（通常用不定式表目的地（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。状语）。现在分词作状语时，现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它地各种形式变化但要注意它地各种形式变化 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式一般式完成式

5、完成式现在分词作现在分词作状语状语Walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.（=When I was walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.）While waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.1）表时间状语表时间状语doing强调同时发生强调同时发生 Having finished his homework,he went out to play.（=After he finishe

6、d his homework,he went out to play.）Having tried for many times,he invented the light bulb.=After he tried for many times,he bulb.Having done 强调动作发生于谓语动词之前强调动作发生于谓语动词之前2）表原因状语表原因状语 Being ill,he didnt go to school.（=as he was ill,he didnt go to school.）Thinking he might be at home,I called him.Not kn

7、owing his telephone number,I couldnt get in touch with him.3）表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个主语的一个 动作动作，或是，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或，或是是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明充说明。Eg.He sat on the sofa,watching TV.（=He sat on the sofa,and watched TV.）他们

8、笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_,they went into the classroom.他斜靠他斜靠（lean）着墙站着。着墙站着。He stood _ against the wallLaughing and talkingleaning 4）表结果表结果 Eg.Her mother died in 1990,leaving her with her younger brother.（=Her mother died in 1990,and left her with her younger brother.）全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，

9、使它成了一首最受 欢欢 迎地歌曲。迎地歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,_.making it the most popular song 5）表条件表条件 Using your head,you will find a way.（=If you use your head,you will find a way.）一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。_,you will see a white house.Walking ahead注意：注意：1.当当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动形式所表示的

10、动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：作之前时，应使用完成式：having done_（完成作业之后完成作业之后）,he rushed out to play basketball.Having finished his homework2.当当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：having been doneHaving been shown the lab,we were taken to see the library.Having been translated into many

11、 languages,the book was widely read all over the world.3.非谓语的否定式非谓语的否定式 not+doing/having doneNot knowing his telephone number,I couldnt get in touch with him.4.v-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。主句的主语是一致的。Rushing into the dining-room,supper was waiting for me.Rushing into the dining-room

12、,I found supper was waiting for me.While visiting a strange city,a guide-book is very helpful.While visiting a strange city,you may find a guide-book very helpful.5.固定结构：固定结构：Judging from his appearance,he must be very rich.Generally speaking,his answer is right.6.6.与逻辑主语构成与逻辑主语构成独立主格独立主格：I waiting

13、for the bus,a bird fell on my heard我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out,they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting,well do another two exercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。Practise:（1）They set out _ for the _ boy.A.searchi

14、ng;losing B.searching;lost C.to search;lost D.searched;losing（2）The student sat there,_ what to do.A.doesnt knowing B.didnt knowing C.not know D.not knowingBD（3）He sat there _,with his head on his hand.A.and think B.thinking C.thought D.being thought（4）The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.visiting;add B.visited;adding C.visiting;adding D.visited;addedBC（5）_ in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.（北京北京2004）A