英译汉短语.docx

1、高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory 改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师 the chief architect of Chinas reform, opening and modernization drive 沿着有中国特色的社会主义道理阔步前进 take great strides along the road to socialism with Chinese characteristics 以经济建设为中心 take economic construction as the central task

2、 中共十五大 the 15th National Congress of the CPC 提高综合国力 improve the overall national strength ( the overall strength of the country) 振兴中华 the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the Chinese nation 小康水平 the living standards of a fairly comfortable life; a relatively comfortable standard of living 人均国民生产总值达到

3、中等发达国家水平 the average per-capita GNP will reach the standard of moderately developed countries 加强物质文明和精神文明的建设 foster both material progress and cultural and ethical (cultural and ideological) progress 发扬优良传统 carry forward the find traditions 艰苦创业的精神 the hardworking and enterprising spirit 反对铺张浪费 oppo

4、se/combat extravagance and waste 推进政府机构改革 restructure government institutions 精简各级政府机构 streamline government departments at all levels 国家公务员制度 the system of public services 公务员 public servants; civil servants 乱收费、乱集资、乱摊派 arbitrary collection of charges, abuse of fund-raising and unchecked apportionm

5、ent 打破地区封锁和行业垄断 break regional blockades and trade monopolies 纠正行业不正之风 rectify malpractice in various trades 人才 competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists 培养跨世纪人才 bring up (foster)cross-century (trans-century) specialists 智囊团，思想库 the brain trust (think bank) 人才市场 the personnel market

6、劳务招聘会 a labor fair; a job fair 劳务输出 export of labor services 促进富余人员合理流动 promote a rational flow of surplus personnel 就职前及在职培训 per-employment and on-the-job (in-service) training 分流下岗人员争取再就业 redirect laid-off workers for re-employment 脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out a road to prosper

7、ity 扶贫、脱贫 poverty reduction and elimination 消除两极分化、最终达到共同富裕 eliminate polarization and ultimately achieve common prosperity 扩大/缩小地区发展差距 widen/narrow the gap/disparity between regions/ localities in terms of development 支援灾区（灾民）；救灾 provide relief to disaster-stricken areas (people) 解困基金 anti-poverty

8、funds 解决他们的温饱问题 provide them with adequate food and clothing 科技是第一生产力 science and technology constitute the primary productive force 科教兴国战略 the strategy of revitalizing (invigorating) China through science and education 加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程 accelerate the commercialization and industrialization of scient

9、ific and technological achievements 达到或接近国际先进水平 reach or approach advanced international standards 赶上或超过国际先进水平 catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels 与国际接轨 be geared to international standards; be brought in line with international practice (norms) 发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业 develop animal husbandry

10、(livestock farming), aquaculture and forestry 商品粮基地 a commodity grain production base “菜篮子”工程 the “shopping basket” project (programme) 不准打白条 No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs) 促进住房商品化 promote the commercialization of housing 取消福利分房 abolish the welfare-oriented distribution (allocation) of publ

11、ic housing 人均住房 per-capita housing 商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing 各族人民 people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups) 计划生育 family planning (birth control) 育龄夫妇 couples of child-bearing age 妇幼保健 maternity and child care 加强优生、优育 improve prenatal and postnatal care 重视老龄化问题 attach g

12、reat importance to the problem of population aging 发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视 develop literature, the arts, the press, publications, radio, film and television;promote literature and art, the press and publishing, radio, film and television 精兵之路 fewer but better troops 国防科技 defense-related science and technol

13、ogy 拥军优属 preferential treatment for families of servicemen and martyrs. 第一/第二/第三产业 the primary/ secondary/ tertiary industry (the service sector) 国内/国民生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National Product) 技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业 technology-intensive/ labor-intensive/ capital-intensive/ knowledge-

14、intensive industries 经济体制改革 economic restructuring 经济转轨 switch to a market economy 经济市场化/私有化 the marketization/ privatization of the economy 使经济进一步市场化 make the economy more market-oriented 经济发展全球化的趋势 the globalization trend in economic development 对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革 to incorporate large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises 股份制 the joint stock system 股份合作制 the joint stock cooperative system 谁控股？ Who holds the controlling shares? 支持强强联合，实现优势互补 support association between strong enterprises so that they can take advantage of each others strengths 鼓励兼并，规范破产 encourage mergers and standardize b