1、考研英语一真题及参考答案考研英语一真题#2021考研英语一真题及参考答案|2021考研英语一真题#Section I Use of English Directions:# Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)#Today, we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps
2、are all available on our smartphones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a pass, and you 4 cant find north, a few tricks may help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of
3、which is to follow the land. When you find yourself 6 a trail, but not in a pletely 7 area of land, you have to answer two questions:# Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area?# And where is the nearest water source?# Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if
4、you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people. If youve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another 12 :# Climb high and look for signs of human h
5、abitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the gl
6、ow of light pollution.#18 , assuming youre lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.#1. A. Few B. Most C. Some D. All 2. A. put B. take C. run D. e 3. A. Since B. Until C. Though D. If
7、 4. A. formally B. literally C. gradually D. relatively 5. A. around B. away C. back D. next 6. A. onto B. along C. across D. off 7. A. unattractive B. unfamiliar C. unchanged D. uncrowded 8. A. way B. point C. site D. place 9. A. Instead B. Yet C. So D. Besides 10. A. immediately B. eventually C. u
8、nexpectedly D. intentionally 11. A. frightened B. annoyed C. surprised D. confused 12. A. problem B. result C. view D. option 13. A. Above all B. For exle C. On average D. In contrast 14. A. spot B. avoid C. bridge D. separate 15. A. from B. under C. beyond D. through 16. A. posts B. breaks C. shade
9、s D. links 17. A. hidden B. mysterious C. artificial D. limited 18. A. Finally B. Consequently C. Incidentally D. Generally 19. A. memories B. belongings C. notes D. marks 20. A. lead B. adapt C. restrict D. expose#Section II Reading prehension Part A Directions:# Read the following four texts. Answ
10、er the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if
11、their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial inst itutions. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit:# more long-term decision-making, not only by
12、banks but by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. “Short-termism,” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded panies, says the Bank of Englands top economist, Andrew Haldane. He es a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing t
13、his financial impatience as acting like “children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last. The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent
14、 decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from panies, can hinder a firms efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed “quarterly capitalism.” In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, qu
15、icker use of information, and thus shorter attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said missioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange mission in a speech this week. In the US, the Sarbanes-O
16、xley Act of 20_ has pushed most public panies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance. Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a pany investment for at least tw
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