考研英语阅读题源15篇Word下载.docx

1、欧洲领导人做出了救市的承诺，但也仅限承诺。欧元区走在成功或失败的分岔路口，未来如何还是个未知数。The Euro Crisis 欧债危机The latest European summit made more progress than usualbut still not enough最新欧洲峰会取得了比平常更多成果但仍是不够。Jul 7th 2012 | from the print edition WAS Europes 19th crisis summit, held in Brussels on June 28th and 29th, a game-changer? Judging

2、by the euphoria in financial markets and among many commentators, the answer seems to be yes. Yields on Italian and Spanish bonds fell sharply as investors decided that Europes political leaders had committed themselves to the creation of a banking union and to allowing troubled countries easier acc

3、ess to euro-zone rescue funds. The prime ministers of Italy and Spain, Mario Monti and Mariano Rajoy, and the French president, Franois Hollande, were widely hailed for scoring a victory over Germanys chancellor, Angela Merkel. She, in turn, was excoriated by many at home for giving in to blackmail.

4、As so often, the summit had been billed as a make-or-break affair, in which Europes political leaders had to lay out their vision for economic and political integration to save their single currency. Is the euphoria about to fizzle, as in the past?The summit gave reasons for guarded optimism. Europe

5、s politicians have said they will create a Europe-wide bank supervisor （involving the European Central Bank） before the end of the year. This is only a pledge, but if the history of European policymaking is a guide, the euro zone will quarrel over the details of a banking supervisor only to agree to

6、 one eventually. Second, by accepting that bail-out funds can go straight to banks, Mrs Merkel has made a big shift from her insistence that help could go only to governments, with tough conditions attached. The underlying German logic that shared financial liability must imply shared oversight rema

7、ins the same. But by countenancing jointly financed bank recapitalisation, Mrs Merkel has accepted a broader notion of risk-sharing. This is still a long way from the partial debt mutualisation that the euro zone needs, but it marks a step forward from Germanys exclusive obsession with fiscal auster

8、ity.1 However, there are caveats. Europes politicians did not commit themselves to a banking union. There was no agreement to euro-wide deposit insurance or to a common bank-resolution scheme. And although the summit agreed that euro-zone rescue funds could be injected directly into banks, this depe

9、nds on the single supervisor being in place first.The supposed loosening of the strings attached to help for peripheral economies was also limited. The much-ballyhooed agreement that rescue funds could buy embattled countries bonds without onerous extra conditions was just a political promise to do

10、something already allowed. The only concrete new commitments were that the promised aid of up to 100 billion （$125 billion） for Spain to recapitalise its banks would no longer be senior to other debt, and that Ireland could expect the burden of its bank bail-outs to be eased.A set of limited and con

11、tingent promises is much better than nothing, but it hardly adds up to a sturdy new foundation for the euros future. A lot could still go wrong. In a system that requires unanimity, grumbling from Finland and the Netherlands is a reminder that even if the limited deal at the summit holds, further st

12、eps will be hard. Legal challenges have already been laid before Germanys constitutional court. Mrs Merkels coalition partners and even some in her own party are threatening to be obstructive. And existing problems have not gone away: most obviously, hard decisions still have to be made about whethe

13、r to give more help to Greece, which barely featured in the summits discussions. The summer-holiday-saving summit?暑假救援行动峰会？ It is therefore a brave soul who would call this summit a turning-point for the euro. Given that agreeing on a banking authority will take several months, think how remote are

14、the more fundamental constitutional changes needed to back a banking union and Eurobonds. The outlook for the European and world economy is darkening. Recession will undermine normal politics and create conditions for markets to take fright （see article）. The euro zone got through this summit, but i

15、t is going to have to prove its resolve over and over again. 参考译文：第19届欧洲危机峰会于6月28、29在布鲁塞尔举办，这将成为拯救欧元区危机的一次大逆转吗？从金融市场以及时事评论员的乐观情绪来看，这个答案似乎是肯定的。由于投资 2 者认定欧洲领导人们已经承诺建立银行业联盟，并使发生危机的国家更易得到欧元区救援资金，意大利及西班牙国债收益率大幅度下跌。意大利首相马里奥蒙蒂（Mario Monti）及西班牙首相马里亚诺拉霍伊（Mariano Rajoy），法国总统弗朗索瓦奥朗德（Francois Hollande）共同战胜了德国总理

16、安吉拉默克尔（Angela Merkel），人们为此欢呼。相反在国内，默克尔因为向勒索敲诈妥协受到广泛而严厉的责难。一如既往，欧盟峰会被视为成败的关键，在此峰会上欧洲领导人们不得不通过构想经济与政治一体化来拯救他们的单一货币。就像以前一样，人们的希望又会扑空吗？人们对峰会有理由保持谨慎的乐观。欧洲政治家们表示他们将在今年内构建欧盟范围的银行业监管（欧洲中央银行也参与其中）。但这仅仅只是一句承诺，但如果欧洲决策制定的历史可以对现实有指导意义的话，欧元区领导人将在银行业监管的细节问题上争论不休，直到最终达成完全一致。其次，默克尔做出了重大的转变，从她一贯坚持只能在附加严苛的条件下援助政府，到接受援助基金直接发放给银行。德国认为共同承担金融责任意味着需要一致的监管，这个根本逻辑并没有改变。但是支持共同注资给银行进行资本重组，表示默克尔总理接受了更宽泛的风险共担的观点。虽然距离欧元区需要的部分债务共担还有很长的路要走，但却标志着德国