考研英语阅读题源15篇Word下载.docx

考研英语阅读题源15篇Word下载.docx

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欧洲领导人做出了救市的承诺，但也仅限承诺。

欧元区走在成功或失败的分岔路口，未来如何还是个未知数。

TheEuroCrisis欧债危机ThelatestEuropeansummitmademoreprogressthanusual—butstillnotenough最新欧洲峰会取得了比平常更多成果——但仍是不够。

Jul7th2012|fromtheprinteditionWASEurope’s19thcrisissummit,heldinBrusselsonJune28thand29th,agame-changer?

Judgingbytheeuphoriainfinancialmarketsandamongmanycommentators,theanswerseemstobeyes.YieldsonItalianandSpanishbondsfellsharplyasinvestorsdecidedthatEurope’spoliticalleadershadcommittedthemselvestothecreationofabankingunionandtoallowingtroubledcountrieseasieraccesstoeuro-zonerescuefunds.TheprimeministersofItalyandSpain,MarioMontiandMarianoRajoy,andtheFrenchpresident,Franç

oisHollande,werewidelyhailedforscoringavictoryoverGermany’schancellor,AngelaMerkel.She,inturn,wasexcoriatedbymanyathomeforgivingintoblackmail.Assooften,thesummithadbeenbilledasamake-or-breakaffair,inwhichEurope’spoliticalleadershadtolayouttheirvisionforeconomicandpoliticalintegrationtosavetheirsinglecurrency.Istheeuphoriaabouttofizzle,asinthepast?

Thesummitgavereasonsforguardedoptimism.Europe’spoliticianshavesaidtheywillcreateaEurope-widebanksupervisor（involvingtheEuropeanCentralBank）beforetheendoftheyear.Thisisonlyapledge,butifthehistoryofEuropeanpolicymakingisaguide,theeurozonewillquarreloverthedetailsofabankingsupervisoronlytoagreetooneeventually.Second,byacceptingthatbail-outfundscangostraighttobanks,MrsMerkelhasmadeabigshiftfromherinsistencethathelpcouldgoonlytogovernments,withtoughconditionsattached.TheunderlyingGermanlogicthatsharedfinancialliabilitymustimplysharedoversightremainsthesame.Butbycountenancingjointlyfinancedbankrecapitalisation,MrsMerkelhasacceptedabroadernotionofrisk-sharing.Thisisstillalongwayfromthepartialdebtmutualisationthattheeurozoneneeds,butitmarksastepforwardfromGermany’sexclusiveobsessionwithfiscalausterity.1However,therearecaveats.Europe’spoliticiansdidnotcommitthemselvestoabankingunion.Therewasnoagreementtoeuro-widedepositinsuranceortoacommonbank-resolutionscheme.Andalthoughthesummitagreedthateuro-zonerescuefundscouldbeinjecteddirectlyintobanks,thisdependsonthesinglesupervisorbeinginplacefirst.Thesupposedlooseningofthestringsattachedtohelpforperipheraleconomieswasalsolimited.Themuch-ballyhooedagreementthatrescuefundscouldbuyembattledcountries’bondswithoutonerousextraconditionswasjustapoliticalpromisetodosomethingalreadyallowed.Theonlyconcretenewcommitmentswerethatthepromisedaidofupto€100billion（$125billion）forSpaintorecapitaliseitsbankswouldnolongerbeseniortootherdebt,andthatIrelandcouldexpecttheburdenofitsbankbail-outstobeeased.Asetoflimitedandcontingentpromisesismuchbetterthannothing,butithardlyaddsuptoasturdynewfoundationfortheeuro’sfuture.Alotcouldstillgowrong.Inasystemthatrequiresunanimity,grumblingfromFinlandandtheNetherlandsisareminderthatevenifthelimiteddealatthesummitholds,furtherstepswillbehard.LegalchallengeshavealreadybeenlaidbeforeGermany’sconstitutionalcourt.MrsMerkel’scoalitionpartnersandevensomeinherownpartyarethreateningtobeobstructive.Andexistingproblemshavenotgoneaway:

mostobviously,harddecisionsstillhavetobemadeaboutwhethertogivemorehelptoGreece,whichbarelyfeaturedinthesummit’sdiscussions.Thesummer-holiday-savingsummit?

暑假救援行动峰会？

Itisthereforeabravesoulwhowouldcallthissummitaturning-pointfortheeuro.Giventhatagreeingonabankingauthoritywilltakeseveralmonths,thinkhowremotearethemorefundamentalconstitutionalchangesneededtobackabankingunionandEurobonds.TheoutlookfortheEuropeanandworldeconomyisdarkening.Recessionwillunderminenormalpoliticsandcreateconditionsformarketstotakefright（seearticle）.Theeurozonegotthroughthissummit,butitisgoingtohavetoproveitsresolveoverandoveragain.参考译文：

第19届欧洲危机峰会于6月28、29在布鲁塞尔举办，这将成为拯救欧元区危机的一次大逆转吗？

从金融市场以及时事评论员的乐观情绪来看，这个答案似乎是肯定的。

由于投资2者认定欧洲领导人们已经承诺建立银行业联盟，并使发生危机的国家更易得到欧元区救援资金，意大利及西班牙国债收益率大幅度下跌。

意大利首相马里奥•蒙蒂（MarioMonti）及西班牙首相马里亚诺•拉霍伊（MarianoRajoy），法国总统弗朗索瓦•奥朗德（FrancoisHollande）共同战胜了德国总理安吉拉•默克尔（AngelaMerkel），人们为此欢呼。

相反在国内，默克尔因为向―勒索敲诈‖妥协受到广泛而严厉的责难。

一如既往，欧盟峰会被视为成败的关键，在此峰会上欧洲领导人们不得不通过构想经济与政治一体化来拯救他们的单一货币。

就像以前一样，人们的希望又会扑空吗？

人们对峰会有理由保持谨慎的乐观。

欧洲政治家们表示他们将在今年内构建欧盟范围的银行业监管（欧洲中央银行也参与其中）。

但这仅仅只是一句承诺，但如果欧洲决策制定的历史可以对现实有指导意义的话，欧元区领导人将在银行业监管的细节问题上争论不休，直到最终达成完全一致。

其次，默克尔做出了重大的转变，从她一贯坚持只能在附加严苛的条件下援助政府，到接受援助基金直接发放给银行。

德国认为共同承担金融责任意味着需要一致的监管，这个根本逻辑并没有改变。

但是支持共同注资给银行进行资本重组，表示默克尔总理接受了更宽泛的风险共担的观点。

虽然距离欧元区需要的部分债务共担还有很长的路要走，但却标志着德国