维生素D缺乏防治美国内分泌协会131851Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、zhinanwang 浏览次数：91 评论 0 条 指南全称： 维生素D缺乏评估、防治指南-美国内分泌协会-2011 英文全称： Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline 开发组织 ： Endocrine Society （内分泌协会） 开发年代 ： 2011 下载次数 ： 70 次 指南简介：Objective: The objective was to provide guidelines to clinici

2、ans for the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency with an emphasis on the care of patients who are at risk for deficiency. Participants: The Task Force was composed of a Chair, six additional experts, and a methodologist. The Task Force received no corporate funding or remune

3、ration. Consensus Process: Consensus was guided by systematic reviews of evidence and discussions during several conference calls and e-mail communications. The draft prepared by the Task Force was reviewed successively by The Endocrine Societys Clinical Guidelines Subcommittee, Clinical Affairs Cor

4、e Committee, and cosponsoring associations, and it was posted on The Endocrine Society web site for member review. At each stage of review, the Task Force received written comments and incorporated needed changes. Conclusions: Considering that vitamin D deficiency is very common in all age groups an

5、d that few foods contain vitamin D, the Task Force recommended supplementation at suggested daily intake and tolerable upper limit levels, depending on age and clinical circumstances. The Task Force also suggested the measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level by a reliable assay as the initial

6、diagnostic test in patients at risk for deficiency. Treatment with either vitamin D（2） or vitamin D（3） was recommended for deficient patients. At the present time, there is not sufficient evidence to recommend screening individuals who are not at risk for deficiency or to prescribe vitamin D to atta

7、in the noncalcemic benefit for cardiovascular protection.关键字： 维生素缺乏评估 2型糖尿病患者高血糖的治疗开始及调整方案的共识（英文） 20082011-05-29 11:35:12 作者：lili 浏览次数：38 评论 0 条 2型糖尿病患者高血糖的治疗开始及调整方案的共识（英文） 2008 CONSENSUS STATEMEMENTSMedical Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and

8、 Adjustment of Therapy: A Consensus Statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diab American Diabetes Association （ADA） （美国糖尿病协会） 2008 0 次 The consensus algorithm for the medical management of type 2 diabetes was published in August 2006 with the exp

9、ectation that it would be updated, based on the availability of new interventions and new evidence to establish their clinical role. The authors continue to endorse the principles used to develop the algorithm and its major features. We are sensitive to the risks of changing the algorithm cavalierly

10、 or too frequently, without compelling new information. An update to the consensus algorithm published in January 2008 specifically addressed safety issues surrounding the thiazolidinediones. In this revision, we focus on the new classes of medications that now have more clinical data and experience

11、.The epidemic of type 2 diabetes and the recognition that achieving specific glycemic goals can substantially reduce morbidity have made the effective treatment of hyperglycemia a top priority （13）. While the management of hyperglycemia, the hallmark metabolic abnormality associated with type 2 diab

12、etes, has historically taken center stage in the treatment of diabetes, therapies directed at other coincident features, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, hypercoagulability, obesity, and insulin resistance, have also been a major focus of research and therapy. Maintaining glycemic levels as close

13、 to the nondiabetic range as possible has been demonstrated to have a powerful beneficial effect on diabetes-specific microvascular complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, in the setting of type 1 diabetes （4,5）; in type 2 diabetes, more intensive treatment strategies have

14、 likewise been demonstrated to reduce microvascular complications （68）. Intensive glycemic management resulting in lower A1C levels has also been shown to have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular disease （CVD） complications in type 1 diabetes （9,10）; however, current studies have failed to demonst

15、rate a beneficial effect of intensive diabetes therapy on CVD in type 2 diabetes 糖尿病患者高血糖成人糖尿病患者高血糖危象专家共识 200907:45 作者：53 评论 0 条 成人糖尿病患者高血糖危象专家共识 2009 Hyperglycemic Crises in Adult Patients With Diabetes 2009 37 次 Diabetic ketoacidosis （DKA） and the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state （HHS） are the two most serious acute metabolic complications of diabetes