动词不定式练习题及讲解Word文件下载.doc

1、Itbe形容词for sbto do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour. Itbe形容词of sbto do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. It seems（appears）形容词to do It seemed impossible to save money. 二、作宾语 不定式作宾语 以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,d

2、ecide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,longmanage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等，这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句。When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot. 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不

3、定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语动 词it补语to do句式。He feels it his duty to help the poor. 介词but,except,besides+to do（do） 在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to， 带to不带do。The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. 部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。begin,continue,start,hate,like,love,need,require,want等。在

4、need,require,want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式，如：Your handwriting needs improving（tobe improved）. hate,love,like接不定式表示特定的未来事件，接动名词表示目前 正在进行的活动或一般的行为。在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：hate,like,love前有would（should）时，如：Id like to have a cup of coffee. 当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，如：Thestudents are starting to work on

5、 the difficult maths problem. begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to understand what was happening. 3advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。Our teachers dont permit our/us swimming in the lake. t permit us to swim in the lake. 4部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子

6、语境选择使用。forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited to attend the meeting. They regretted ordering these books from abroad. mean to do 打算做某事 ;mean doing 意味着 try to do 设法尽力做某事; try doing 试着做某事 stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）; stop doing 停止

7、做某事 cant help doing 禁不住; cant to do不能帮助干 go on to do 做不同的事或不同内容的事;doing 继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续 leave off to do 离开某地去干什么（目的状语）; leave doing停下某事 三、做表语 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. 四、作定语 不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。Have you anything to be taken to your sister?Would you please give me so

8、me paper to write on?不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：（1）表示尚未发生的动作。（2）与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词。（3）与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主位关系。（4）不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句。五、不定式作补足语 作宾语补足语 一些及物动词除要求按宾语外，有时还需要有宾语补足语，说明宾语的行为、状态、特征，这时意思才相对完整。（1）常要求不定式作宾补的动词有：allow,ask,advise,beg,cause,drive（强迫），encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,would like（love,h

9、ate）, order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。I expect you to understand the whole passage clearly. （2）部分动词后常接to be形容词、名词短语等形式，有时to be可省略，如： consider,imagine,judge ,prove,suppose等。I consider him（to be）one of the best biology teachers .但当不定式是完成式时，to不能省略，如：We consider him to have been foolish

10、. （3）感觉动词和使役动词后用作宾补的不定式须省略to。I didnt hear anyone say anything about it. They make the students do too much homework every day. 这种句式在变为被动语态时，to不能省略，如第句：The students are made to do too much homework every day. （4）部分短语动词后，常接不定式作宾补，如：The Party calls on us to increase production and practise economy. 常这样

11、用的短语动词有：ask for,care for,call on ,depend on,wait for,long for（渴望），prepare for等。作主语补足语 不定式作主语补足语，和主语构成一种逻辑上的主谓关系。He was not allowed to enter the classroom for being late. The young university student is considered to have great promise. 六、不定式作状语 作目的状语 （1） I stayed there to see what would happen. （2）有

12、时为了强调，不定式前可加in order或so as。Bob took down my telephone number so as（in order）not to forget it. 有时为强调目的状语可把in order to或不定式置于句首，但so as to不能这样用。在这种句式中不定式部分可转换为so that,in order that,成为目的状语从句，如：I stayed there so that （in order that）I could see what would happen. （3）在部分表示感情色彩的形容词、过去分词或动词之后可接不定式，如：astonishe

13、d,glad,happy,laugh ,pleased, sad,smile,sorry,surprised等。We are glad to hear the news. I was surprised to see that a three-year-old baby could write so well. 在部分形容词后接不定式，用主动形式表示被动意义，这种句型中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。The question raised by the student is difficult to answer. The room is really comfortable to live in.

14、 常这样用的形容词有：comfortable,easy,dangerous,difficult,expensive,fit,impossible等。作结果状语 We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. 不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中。soas to; suchas to m not so stupid（a fool） as to put it in writing.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。enoughto The speed is high enough for us to catch up with the first liner. only to Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital. tooto m too tired to stay up longer. 但在下列结构中，tooto并非是“太而不能”之意。m only