江苏省专转本英语真题以及答案文档格式.docx

1、Under proper conditions, sound waves will be reflected from a hillside or other such obstruction. Sound travels at the rate of about one-fifth of mile per second. If the hill is eleven hundred feet away, it takes two seconds for the sound to travel o the hill and back. Thus, by timing the interval b

2、etween a sound and its reflection （the echo）, you can estimate the distance to an obstruction.During word war 2 the British used a practical application of this principle to detect German planes on their way to bomb London long before the enemy was near the target. They used radio waves instead of s

3、ound waves, since radio waves can penetrate fog and clouds. The outnumbered Royal Air Force （RAF） always seemed to the puzzled Germans to be lying in wait at the right time and never to be surprised. It was radio echoes more than anything else that won the Battle of Britain.Since the radio waves wer

4、e used to tell the direction in which to send the RAF planes and the distance to send them （their range of flight, in other words）, the device was called radio directing and ranging, and from the initials the word radar was coined. （files come from ）1. Sound waves reflected from a hill can be used t

5、o estimate the.A. heigt of the hill B. speed of soundC. distance to the hill D. intensite of sound2. Practical applications of this principles resulted in.A. New electronic instruments for planesB. A radio directing and ranging deviceC. New radio sets for RAF bombersD. An electronic detecting device

6、3. Radar enabled the English to.A. Detect German planes on their way to LondonB. Direct the outnumbered RAF planes effectivelyC. Confuse German bomber pilotsD. Both A and B4.It can be inferred from the passage that A. Light waves could be used in a device similar to radarB. Radar was a practical app

7、lication of a well-known principleC. Radar greatly increased the effectiveness of the Royal Air ForceD. Sound waves are reflected from a hillside under all conditions5. The author of this passage probably intended to explain A. Exactly how radar worksB. Why the British used radio waves in their devi

8、ceC. How radar （work and device） came to beD. How radar helped the British win the Battle of BritainPassage TwoIn general, the ancient Romans were a practical people. They cared less about philosophy and pure mathematics than did the Greeks. The Romans were the best of the ancient engineers and arch

9、itects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry （三角学） , and they applied their knowledge to the construction of fine bridges, roads, aqueducts （渠道） , and public buildings.They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly for spears, swords,

10、 and shields, rather than for building construction.While the Romans accomplished practical wonders, they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were famil

11、iar.There are two reasons for the Romans neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics. First, they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into a rapidly growing empire to waste time on abstract thinking. Secondly, they were handicapped （妨碍） by the rigidity of their numeric

12、al system. （Try to multiply XI by LVII or to divide CXLIII by IX; it simply cannot be done with pencil and paper.） The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, the ancient counterpart of the modern computing machine. Their number system discouraged the study of pure mathematics.6. The author

13、 calls the Romans “practical” because they A. Cared little about philosophyB. Applied their knowledge to constructionC. Saw the necessity for developing theoretical scienceD. Studied the past and learned from it7.The ancient Romans did not concern themselves with A. Theoretical or abstract thought B

14、. applied mathematicsC. Studying D. either A or C8.In construction, the Romans made extensive use of A. Iron ore B. peometry and trigonometryC. Studying D. both B and C9.Many Romans inventions were based on Greek weapons because the A. Greeks had superior weaponsBromines were involved in frequent wa

15、rsC. Romans were not familiar with many types of weaponsD. Greek proved himself or herself inspired inventor10.The author of this passage probably wanted to explain why A. He considers the Romans a practical peopleB. Roman were involved in frequent warsC. Theoretical thinking is necessary fir the growth of a nationD. The Romans contributed little to philosophical thoughtPassage ThreeProfessor Barry Wellman if University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many North Americans interacts these days. The term to have opposite meanings