被动语态.docx

1、被动语态一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的

2、句子。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：amisaretaught 一般过去时：wasweretaught 一般将来时：willshall betaught 现在进行时：amisare beingtaught 过去进行时：havehas beentaught 现在完成时：havehas beentaught 歌诀是：被动语

3、态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：1、They make the bikes in the factory. 2、Wu plant trees every year.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be

4、过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如： We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. You ought to take it away. It ought to be taken away. They should do it at once. It should be done at once.一、单项选择 ( )1.Do you often clean your classroom

5、? Yes. Our classroom _ every day. A. clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning ( )2.Trees and flowers_every year to make our country more beautiful. A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted. ( )3.Cotten _in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow. ( )14.An accide

6、nt_on this road last week. A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened. ( )2.A talk on developments in science and technology_in the school hall next week. A. given B.will be given C.has been given D.give ( )3.His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being

7、 published D. has been published ( )4.Did you go to Jacks birthday party? No,I_. A. am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invite ( )5.Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack? When your homework_,you can. A. is done B.was done C.does D.did ( )6.Twenty-year-olds should not_to drive in Chin

8、a. A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed. ( )7.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes,I asked him what_. A.would happen B.had happened C.happened D.was happened. ( )8.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 1999. A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written. ( )9.Chinas sports sta

9、rs Yao Ming and Liu Xiang_Good Will Ambassadors(亲善大使)for Shang hai. A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named. ( )10.The earth is our home.It _well. A.must be protected B.should protect C.need protect D.should protected. ( )11.In recent years, many children are made _ what they are

10、 not_. A.to do;interested in B.to do;interested C.do;interested D.do;interested. ( )12._a new library_in your school last year? A.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;built. ( )13.So far, the moon_by man already. A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited. ( )14.How many tree

11、s _this year? A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted. ( )15.A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now. A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done. ( )16.Neither of them _ in China A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made. ( )17.Look! A nice picture_for

12、our teacher. A. is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws. ( )18.Your shoes_.You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn. ( )19.The doctor_for yet. A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent. ( )20.When _this kind of computer_? Last year. A.did;use B

13、.was;used C.is;used D.are;used ( )21.The Great Wall_about all over the world. A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known. ( )22.I_in summer. A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born. ( )23.He says that Mr Zhang_to the factory next week. A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent. ( )24.Who _thi

14、s book_? A.did;written B.was;written by C.do;written D.was;written ( )25.Mary _show me her new dictionary. A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to ( )26. A story _ by Granny yesterday. A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us ( )27.The monkey was seen_out of the tree. A.jump

15、B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump 参考答案 15CBABA 610CBDCB 1115AABDA 1620CCBAB 2125CBBCB 2630DBBBD 二、单项选择 1( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This Englis

16、h song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used2( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B

17、. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was

18、 left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need3( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not be

19、en written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt4( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.- _.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired

20、yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do5( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held( ) 2 Who was the book_?A. write B. wrote C. written D. wri

21、tten by( ) 3 Where _ these boxes made?A. was B. were C. is D. am6( ) 1 The flowers_often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C.

22、 can be mend D. can be mended7( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B.will shownC. will show D. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge

23、 _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. i

24、s used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often_up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9( ) 1 The

25、 river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled ofC. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. sp

26、oken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well10( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A

27、. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls_stones.A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into11( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( ) 2 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have s

28、hown( ) 3 The coat_her sister.A.made to B.were made for C.was made for D.was made to12( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 2 Good care_such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of

29、( ) 3 She will_good care_.A.take;of B.be taken;of C. take;for you D. be taken;of you13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 3 These children_danc

30、e.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to14( ) 1 These stones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year. A. was had B. was held C. held D. had15( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place( ) 2 You cant use the computer, it_.A.was broken down B.is wrong C.is bad D.has broken down( ) 3 Great changes_in our country dur