英语专业四级语法重点汇总文档格式.docx

1、典型句型整理如下：如：“cannot help but do”“不得不做某事”“cannot but do” “不禁做某事”“cannot choose but do” “不由自主地做某事”“can do nothing but do” “不能不做某事”“have no choice but to do” “只能做某事”cooperation will prove unworkable. 这种合作模式大有可能行不通。2. 某些词虽然不用比较级形式却自身带有比较概念这些典型词汇总结如下：“inferior”、“minor”、“senior”、“prior”、“prefer to”、“superi

2、or”、“major”、“junior”、“preferable”、“differ from”、“compared with”、“in comparison with”、“different from”、“rather than”等例句：After visiting at weekends, I think their villa is superior to all the other villas in the countryside.3. 有关比较级的特殊句型（1） not so muchas 与其说还不如说 The major reason for his suicide isnt s

3、o much his negative emotions as his incapacity to take care of himself.（2） no/not any morethan 两者一样都不It is well acknowledged by the public that the heart is no any more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain altogether. （3） no /not any lessthan 两者一样都I was good at alm

4、ost all subjects when I was in the junior high school, and particularly speaking, mathematics was no any less good than physics at that time.（4） just asso 正如，也（会使用到倒装结构）例如：Just as chocolate is a part of my favorite food, so is the ice cream.二、虚拟语气简明概述：虚拟语气是指说话人讲话的内容与现实或事实相反，是一种主观假想的情况。时态：可表示过去、现在和将来

5、，特征是时态相应退后。1. 与现在事实相反的主观假设：条件从句主句一般现在时 改为 一般过去时 注：be动词一律改为wereshould/would/could/might + 动词原形If there were an English dictionary, we could consult it for this difficult word.If my bigger brother were here, he would do us a favor to move the heavy box.2. 与过去事实相反的主观假设：一般过去时 改为 过去完成时 should/would/could

6、/might + have + 过去分词If he had studied more diligently, he would have passed the exam undoubtedly. If my favorite teacher had been here yesterday, I would have paid more attention to the lesson.If the child had been more careful, he would not have made such a foolish mistake. 3. 与将来事实相反的主观假设：一般过去时注：b

7、e动词一律改为were should/would/could/might + 动词原形 were + to do sth should + 动词原形If you made great progress in the near future, you should not forget your teachers.If you were to make great progress in the near future, you should not forget your teachers.If you should make great progress in the near future

8、, you should be grateful to your teachers.混合条件句：主句和条件从句所发生的时间点不一致，这个时候就需要根据各自的时态进行倒退来做相应修改。If you had finished your homework by yourself yesterday（过去）, you would not copy others answers in a hurry（现在）.If you had asked your mother how to cook last week（过去）, you would know clearly each cooking step of

9、 the dish（现在）.虚拟语气的倒装如果从句中有were，should，had，则需要倒装。倒装方法：将if省略，再把were，should，had挪到从句的句首。 如果从句中没有were，should，had，则不能省略if，也不可倒装。原句：If my bigger brother were here, he would help us to move the heavy box.倒装：Were my bigger brother here, he would help us to move the heavy box.If the child had been more caref

10、ul, he would not have made such a foolish mistake.Had the child been more careful, he would not have made such a foolish mistake.Should you make great progress in the near future, you should be grateful to your teachers.虚拟语气词：should很简单，三种形式（1）It is suggested/requested/ordered, etc.（具有命令，建议，要求等口吻的动词过

11、去分词） + that sb should （should可省略） do （动词原形） sth. 注：这类动词还可以有其他三种从句形式来代替。It is suggested that students （should） use dictionary in exam.宾语从句： I suggest that students （should） use dictionary in exam. 表语从句： My suggestion is that students （should） use dictionary in exam. 同位语从句： I provided a suggestion tha

12、t students （should） use dictionary in exam.（2）It is necessary/important/indispensable, etc. （带有主观色彩的形容词）+ that sb （should） do sth. （3）It is a pity/a shame, etc. （名词性词组）+ that sb （should） do sth.虚拟语气特殊句型：It is high （high可省略） time that 该是的时候了“that ”从句动词可以用（1）过去时（2）should（不能省略）+ 动词原形It is （high） time t

13、hat we should draw up a contract. It is （high） time that we drew up a contract.（草拟合同）含蓄虚拟语气除了常规的连词if以外，还可以借助其他介词、介词词组、句子来引导虚拟语气从句。1. Without “要是没有”Without the rescue of firefighters timely, our lives would not have been saved.2. But for “要不是”But for your professional help, I could not have achieved such a big progress in medical community.3. Under “在某种情况下”Under such circumstances, the criminal would not have perpetrated acts of violence upon children.4. With “有的前提下”With the data collected one month earlier,