高考英语艺术生 强化训练课时作业40 天 临阵磨枪31Word文件下载.docx

1、Cities are likely to be affected by overheating，thanks to something called the urban heat island effect.Cities tend to be short of trees，which provide shade，and they are covered with black pavement，which absorbs heat from the sun.Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a s

2、unny day.A black shirt absorbs light，heating you up.But a white shirt reflects light，keeping you cool.The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas.That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly.As tempe

3、ratures rise，cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave.To protect public health，city officials are going to make the city cooler.As part of that effort，Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal，a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than bla

4、ck asphalt（沥青）It will help Angelinos save money during the summer，when air conditioning sends power bills soaring.And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality.Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog，which can make life miserable for people with

5、 asthma （哮喘） and other breathing problems.Of course，L.A. will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city.Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftopsat least those not already covered in solar panels.While LA. is a pioneer of reflective stree

6、ts，other cities，like New York，are already experimenting with reflective roofs or，like Melbourne，lowering the temperature by planting trees. LA. is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.“This is an urgent challenge，and its much bigger than one person，” said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement.“Cli

7、mate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day.”1Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect?APlanting more trees in the streets.BCovering the streets with white paint.CApplying reflective paint to rooftops.DFurnishing

8、every house with air conditioners.2What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer?AHow do make the city cooler.BWhere to wear a white shirt.CWhy to coat the roads with black paint.DWhen to cut off the electricity supply.3What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal?AIncreasing t

9、he indoor activities.BPromoting the sale of air conditioners.CMaking life easier and more comfortable.DReducing the number of cold days.4Whats the main idea of the passage?AL.A. adopted many approaches to fight against the heat.BL.A. calls on people to fight against global warming.CMore and more cou

10、ntries begin to plant trees in the streets.DL.A. is painting its streets white to keep the city cool.解题导语城市热岛效应往往会让城市的温度升高，空气恶化，尤其是在夏季。其主要原因是，大多城市缺少树木，并且路面多被黑色沥青覆盖。洛杉矶市在路上铺设一种灰色涂料CoolSeal，它可以反射阳光，从而降低城市的温度。1D解析：细节理解题。从第三段第二句“It will help Angelinos save money during the summer，when air conditioning s

11、ends power bills soaring.”可知，在夏季，使用空调使电费飞涨，说明人们开空调较多。空调可以使室内凉快，但向室外排放的却是热量。2A解析：从第二段最后一句“To protect public health，city officials are going to make the city cooler.”可知，夏季时，为保护公众健康，城市官员们要让城市凉快起来。3C解析：推理判断题。从第三段可知，路上铺上灰色涂料后，城市的温度降下来，人们使用空调的频率会降低，用电量会减少，电费也随之减少，同时空气的污染也会减少。这样人们的生活成本会降低，并且居住地会变得舒适。4D解析：主

12、旨大意题。通读全文可知，洛杉矶在路上铺设CoolSeal，它足一种灰色涂料，可以反射阳光，从而降低城市的温度。B2018浙江卷Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter，including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.Wh

13、at is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts（收银台）T

14、he bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California，including Los Angeles. Eyeing these_headwinds，plasticbag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers arguments：many cities with bans still

15、allow shoppers to purchase paper bags，which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at，they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its

16、replacement：reusable shopping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is，the longer its life and the more plasticbag use it cancels out.However，longerlasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.E