全国通用20英语19届高考专题复习专题10 任务型阅读Word格式文档下载.docx

1、每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。Population ChangeWhy is the worlds population growing? The answer is not what you might think. The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits, but that people have stopped dropping

2、 dead like flies. In 1900, people died at the average age of 30. By 2000 the average age was 65. But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from

3、 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of the worlds population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level （i.e. 2.1 births per woman） and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate. You might think that developing nati

4、ons would make up the loss （especially since 80% of the worlds people now live in such nations）, but youd be wrong. Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too, which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.A great decline in young work

5、 force is likely to occur in China, for instance. What does it imply? First, China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population zxxk decline hits the country. Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, economic growth and material expectations will fall well belo

6、w recent standards and this could invite trouble. Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise. Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%. Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by

7、5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961. Why is this occurring? Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it. If current trends dont bend, Russias population will be about the size of Yemens by the year 2050. In

8、the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas. In total, 25% o

9、f Indias working-age population has no education. In 2030, a sixth of the countrys potential work force could be totally uneducated.One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration. As for the USA, it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected

10、 to grow by 20% from 20102030. Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result its likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term. 71. 【答案】lower 【解析】根据declining birth rate could be a def

11、ining one of the 21st可知，21世纪的出生率比20世纪低，且much/ even/far/a lot/ a little等修饰比较级，故填lower。72. 【答案】size/scale 【解析】根据第二段中的almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate可知，发达国家人口出生率正在下降，即人口难以维持现有的规模，maintain一词是做题的依据，故填size/scale。74. 【答案】economic 【解析】接下来几段分别讲了中国、俄罗斯、印度的人口与经济问题，根据eco

12、nomic development before a population decline hits the country可知答案。75.【答案】old/older 【解析】根据A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China可知，中国可能会迎来年轻劳动力的危机，故填older。76.【答案】earlier 【解析】根据the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in

13、1961.but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it可知，俄罗斯人口由于缩短的寿命而急剧下降。77.【答案】living/life 【解析】此处是说，如果俄罗斯人改变他们的生活方式，他们的情况可能会好一些。78. 【答案】equality 【解析】根据倒数第二段中的but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly可知，教育可以降低出生率，因此，可以通过

14、普及教育来抑制人口增长。79. 【答案】immigration 【解析】根据最后一段中的One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration.可知，通过移民来引入外来工人是解决劳动力短缺的一种方法。80. 【答案】compensate 【解析】根据最后一段中的Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result its likely to see a rise in the size of it

15、s working-age population可知，美国的移民政策将会使劳动力有所增加。接纳移民可以弥补劳动力的短缺。2.【江苏省泰州市泰州中学2018届高三上学期开学考试】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最拾当的单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应的横线上。“The gaokao, Chinas national college entrance exam, is winning more recognition as a way for universities overseas to evaluate Chinese students,” recruiting officers said. Stanley Nel, vice-president of international relations at the University of San Francisco in the United States, who is responsible for