小升初英语知识点专项复习专题二词类冠词用法总结及练习Word文档格式.docx

1、He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife.他是一位英国人,有一个爱尔兰妻子。定冠词the，与this同源，有 这（那）个”的意思，但比较弱，表示一 （几）个特定的人或东西,有时可译作 “这个（些） ”或“那个（些） ”。That s the book you wan这就是你要的那本书。Whos the young man ovrethere? 那边那个年轻人是谁？但在很多情况下， “这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不出现。Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。Shut the door, please 请把门关上。3特指和泛指 一般来说，名词

2、有特指和泛指两种情况，请比较下面的句子：A gen tlema n is ask ing to see you有 位先生要求见你。（泛指）Ask the ge ntleman to come in.请那位先生进来。（特指）在特指时一般前面要加定冠词，而泛指时则有三种情况： 1）在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。She sent me a postcard她寄给我一张明信片。2） 在可数名词复数前可不加冠词，可使用 some, any这类词。These are new words 这些是生词。She sent me some flowers 她送给我一些花。3） 在不可数名词前多不加什么，有时也可加

3、some, any等。It s lovely weather.气真好。Do you want any sugar in your tea?尔茶里要放点糖吗？Give us some help给我们一些帮助（二）不定冠词的基本用法1泛指某一类人或事物中的一个，代表某一类别（不一定译为 “一”）His father is a doctor.他父亲是医生。2. 代表某一类人或事物，相当于 any （+名词）（不必译为 一”，但必须用a,表示类别）例如：A horse is a useful an ima I马是有用的动物。3.指某人或某物（不是指某一类） ,但不具体说明何人或何物（一般译为“一”）例

4、如：This book was writte n by a worker.这本书是一位工人写的。4.表示数量,有 “一”的意思,但数的概念没有 one 强烈（一般译为 “一”） 例如：Wait a moment. 等一下。5.表示单位,相当于 “每”的意思We have three meals a day 我 们每日吃三餐。6.用于某此固定词组中例如：a few, a little, a bit （of）, a lot of 等。（三）定冠词的基本用法1.特指某（些）人或某（些）事物Give me the book.把那本书给我。2指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Where is the docto

5、r?医生在哪儿？3再次提到上文提到过的人或事物I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is at home.昨天我买了一本词典。词典在家里。4用在大家所熟悉的、世界上独一无二的事物The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. 地球比月亮大，但比太阳小。5用在序数词和形容词最高级前Mr Wang teaches the first class 王先生上第一节课。Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth.

6、在所有的恒星中，太阳离地球最近。 6用在单数可数名词，表示某一类人或事物The horse is a useful anima马是有用的动物。7与下列专有名词连用1）在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前the Changjiang River, the Great Lake2）在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或全家人The Gree ns are sitti ng at the breakfast table 格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。8和某些形容词连用，表示一类人the old 老人 the young 年轻人the rich 富人 the poor 穷人the sick病人the dea

7、d死人9 .在一些习惯说法中the east （west, south, north）in the morning （afternoon, evening）on the left （right）in the endgo to the cinema（4）不用冠词的几种情况1.在专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前Have you ever bee n to Shan ghai你至 U过上海吗？We love scie nee我们爱好科学。2在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前Girls can be scie ntists女孩子可以当科学家。3在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前 例如：It is hot

8、in summer.夏天天气热。 s Tuesday, August the 22今天是八月二十二日，星期三。Have you had breakfast?尔吃过早饭没有？4称呼语或表示头衔，职务的名词前What s the matter with you, Mike?怎么啦，迈克？He is headmaster of our scho ol他是我们学校的校长。5学科和球类运动的名称前We study En glish我们学习英语。Do you like to play football?你喜欢踢足球吗？6名词前已有用作定语的 this, that my, your, some, any,

9、no, whose, every,each 等代词时，不用冠词That is her bike那是她的自行车。Each stude nt in his class studies har（这个班的每个学生都努力学习。7在某些固定词组的名词前athome,atnight,afterschool,bybus,inbed,intown,infrontof,gotoschool,go to bed等。三、随堂监测 A 组I在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用 “ /表示：1.This is old map. It is useful map.2.We have no classes in

10、afternoon on Saturday.3. spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers second.4.Beijing is capital of China. It is beautiful city.5.Roman was not built in day.6.Chinese is quite difficult language for Mike.7.Many students will take active part in sports meet.8.There is interesting picture on wall.9.Jen

11、nyfound walletlyingon ground. wallet was Mr.Black10.Which is biggest, sun, moon, or earth?11.-Whichpictureismorebeautiful?- oneon left,Ithink.12.- Which is way to hospital?- Go down this road and turn left on second crossing.13. more, better.14. Turners are sitting at breakfast table.15.Joe Hill was

12、 fighter for working class.16. When was People s Republic of China founded?17.InChina firstEnglishtextbookswerepublishedin latenineteenthcentury.18. After breakfast he went to school on foot.19. Huanghe River lies in north of China.20. He likes playi ng football. His sister likes playi ng pia no 单项选

13、择：1.上学 A. go to school2.住院 A, in the hospital3.此刻 A. at the moment4 .在课堂上 A. in class5. 在地球上 A. on earthB. go to the schoolB. in a hospitalB. at a momentB. in a classB. on an earthearth6. 步行 A. on footB. on the foot7.吃饭 A. at a table B. at the table8.乘公共汽车 A. take bus B. by busbus9.在家 A. at the home

14、10.在工作 A. at work11.跳高 A. jump high12.坐飞机 A. by air车 A. by the train B. by train14.在校学习 A. in the schoolB. at a homeB. at the workB. high jumpB. by the airB. in schoolC. go to a schoolC. in hospitalC. at momentC. in the classC. on theC. on feetC. at tableC. by theC. at homeC. at worksC. the high jumpC. on air13 乘火C.