1、ClassdiscussionanalysisBodyIntroduction1.Warming-upquestions:1)Howmuchdoyouaboutliterature?2)WhywelearnAgoodwayimprovethelanguage-learningitself;abroadensphereknowledge;provokedeep-thinkingtoprovidedifferentwayslookatlifeworld;enhanceonesunderstandinghistory,politics,cultureminiaturesociety;enrichan
2、dquality;insightintohumancharacterWordsuseddescribeliterature:artisticbeautifulemotionalexpressiveimitatingimaginativeinformativeinstructivepleasingpassionatereflectivevaluable2.MainbeganwithAnglo-SaxonsettlementinEngland.ThestudyusuallybeginsepicpoemBeowulf.TheAnglo-SaxonsfirstbroughtEnglandGermani
3、clanguageculture.AfterNormanConquestin1066,theNormansboughtfreshwaveMediterraneancivilization,whichincludesGreekculture,Romanlaw,andChristianreligion.Itisculturalinfluencesthesetwoconqueststhatsourceforrisegrowthliterature.ThetimewascalledOldEnglish,whichquitehardrecognizetoday.GeoffreyChaucer,fathe
4、rliterature,isgreatrepresentativeMediaevalAge.Hespersonusewritestories.ByQueenElizabethIsreign(1558-1603),basicallyasittoday.InShakespearelaterKingJamesversionBible,Englishreacheditspeakpuritybeauty.Inallcenturiessince,thehasundergonegradualchanges.Shakespearelivesthisagebuthebelongsages.Hegreatestp
5、laywrightpoet.HismasterfulplaysdominatedEnglish-speakingstageseversincetheywerewritten.Theyhavebeentranslatedintoeverymajorlanguage.Amonghis38plays,fourgreatesttragediesare:Hamlet,Othello,KingLear,andMacbeth.The17thcenturywitnessesGreatRevolutionEngland.Inperiod,JohnMiltonfinishedwritinghismasterpie
6、cesParadiseLost,Paradiseregained,andSamsonAgonistesafterhebecameblind.The18thmarkedbyratherlargeshiftfrommoodtonethe17thcentury.Inthisperiod,JonathanSwiftonefigures.HisGulliversTravelsnotonlysatirizedpoliticalcirclealsoentertainedmanychildrenfantasticstories.DanielDefoe,fathernovels,wasworthmentioni
7、ng.RobinsonCrusoemostfamoustaleshipwrecksolitarysurvivalliterature.Roughlythirdthe19thmakesupEnglishliteraturesromanticperiod.Writersaremoreconcernedimaginationemotionthanpowerreason,whichthe18thcentury.WordsworthColeridgepublishedtheirLyricalBalladsin1798,whichwascalledpoetrysDeclarationIndependenc
8、e.TogetherRobertSouthey,theycalled“LakePoets”sinceofthemlivedlakedistrictadmirednatureverymuch.Byron,keatsShellyfiguresperiod.JaneAustenwomannovelist,withhergracefulnovels,likeSenseSensibility,PridePrejudice,Emma.TheperiodshadesgraduallyVictorianage,whichtakesnameVictoria.Shecamethronein1837andreign
9、eduntil1901.Historicalphilosophicalcontinuedflourishalongpoetryfiction.Atsametime,satireprotestagainstevilssocietybecamestrongelements.AmongnovelistscriticalrealistslikeCharlesDickens,WilliamMakepeaceThackeray,andBrontesisters.InDickensnovels,hecombinesrarecomicgiftreducereaderstears.ThomasHardywellthe20thcentury,butdidhisworknovelistcentury,aspoetbelongsthe20th.20thdifficultsummarize.Ithaswitnessedwarsrevolutions.Andpostwareconomicdislocationspiritualdisillusionproducedprofoundimpactuponpeople,whoprevalentwretchednesscapitalism.Britainsufferedheavylosseswar:thousandspeop
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