计算机专业毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献 Java技术及SSH框架毕业论文中英文对照资料外文翻译文献 (2)Word文件下载.docx

1、）要求1、外文翻译是毕业设计（论文）的主要内容之一，必须学生独立完成。2、外文翻译译文内容应与学生的专业或毕业设计（论文）内容相关，不得少于XXXX 印刷符号。3.外文翻译译文用 A4 纸打印,需包含中文翻译和英文原文。4、年月日等的填写，用阿拉伯数字书写，要符合关于出版物上数字用法的试行规定，如“2017 年 5 月 26 日”。5、所有签名必须手写，不得打印。附件：外文原文HistoryDuke, the Java mascotJames Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java language pro

2、ject in June 1991. Java was originally designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced for the digital cable television industry at the time. The language was initially called Oak after an oak tree that stood outside Goslings office; it went by the name Green later, and was later rename

3、d Java, from a list of random words.Gosling aimed to implement a virtual machine and a language that had a familiar C/C+ style of notation.Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1995. It promised Write Once, Run Anywhere （WORA）, providingno-cost run-times on popular

4、 platforms. Fairly secure and featuring configurable security, it allowed network- and file-access restrictions. Major web browsers soon incorporated the ability to run Java applets within web pages, and Java quickly became popular. With the advent of Java 2 （released initially as J2SE 1.2 in Decemb

5、er 19981999）, new versions had multiple configurations built for different types of platforms. For example, J2EE targeted enterprise applications and the greatly stripped-down version J2ME for mobile applications （Mobile Java）. J2SE designated the Standard Edition. In 2006, for marketing purposes, S

6、un renamed new J2 versions as Java EE, Java ME, and Java SE, respectively. In 1997, Sun Microsystems approached the ISO/IEC JTC1 standards body and later the Ecma International to formalize Java, but it soon withdrew from the process. Java remains a de facto standard, controlled through the Java Com

7、munity Process. At one time, Sun made most of its Java implementations available without charge, despite their proprietary software status. Sun generated revenue from Java through the selling of licenses for specialized products such as the Java Enterprise System. Sun distinguishes between its Softw

8、are Development Kit （SDK） and Runtime Environment （JRE） （a subset of the SDK）; the primary distinction involves the JREs lack of the compiler, utility programs, and header files.On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of Java as open source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License

9、（GPL）. OnMay 8, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of Javas core code available under free software/open-source distribution terms, aside from a small portion of code to which Sun did not hold the copyright.Suns vice- president Rich Green has said that Suns ideal role with regards to Java is

10、 as an evangelist.Following Oracle Corporations acquisition of Sun Microsystems in 20092010, Oracle has described itself as the steward of Java technology with a relentless commitment to fostering a community of participation and transparency.PrinciplesThere were five primary goals in the creation o

11、f the Java language:1.It should be simple, object oriented, and familiar 、 2.It should be robust and secure3.It should be architecture neutral and portable 、 4.It should execute with high performance 、 5.It should be interpreted, threaded, and dynamicJava PlatformMain articles: Java （software platfo

12、rm） and Java Virtual MachineOne characteristic of Java is portability, which means that computer programs written in the Java language must run similarly on any supported hardware/operating-system platform. This is achieved by compiling the Java language code to an intermediate representation called

13、 Java bytecode, instead of directly to platform-specific machine code. Javabytecode instructions are analogous to machine code, but are intended to be interpreted by a virtual machine （VM） written specifically for the host hardware. End-users commonly use a Java Runtime Environment （JRE） installed o

14、n their own machine for standalone Java applications, or in a Web browser for Java applets. Standardized libraries provide a generic way to access host-specific features such as graphics, threading, and networking.A major benefit of using bytecode is porting. However, the overhead of interpretation

15、means that interpreted programs almost always run more slowly than programs compiled to native executables would. Just-in-Time compilers were introduced from an early stage that compile bytecodes to machine code during runtime.ImplementationsSun Microsystems officially licenses the Java Standard Edition platform for Linux, Mac OS X, and Solaris. Although in the past Sun has licensed Java to Microsoft, the license has expired and has not been renewed. Through a network of third-party vendors and licensees, alternative Java environments are available for these and other platforms.Su