Unit-1-Types-of-Sentences--句子类型PPT文档格式.pptx

1、Identify different basic clause types;Expand or combine simple sentences into compound,complex or compound-complex sentences.,Why to learn English writing?,Reading makes a full man,conference a ready man,and writing an exact man.Francis Bacon,British philosopher 阅读使人充实，讨论使人机敏，写作使人严谨。英国哲学家 F 培根,What

2、is a sentence?,A sentence is a group of words having a subject and predicate and giving a complete thought.A complete sentence has a subject and predicate,and can often be composed of more than one clause.A grammatically complete sentence is one that contains at least a subject and a predicate（谓语）or

3、 finite（限定）verb;if the verb is transitive,there must be an object;if the verb is a link-verb,there must be a predicative（表语）or complement（补语）.,Basic characteristics of a sentence,What are basic characteristics of a sentence?Use alone in language communication;To express a relatively complete meaning

4、;In general,verbs are the core.Without verbs,sentences are not possible;Capitalize at the beginning and end with a certain punctuation mark.,1.According to grammatical structure,According to grammatical structure,sentences are classified as:（1）Simple Sentence（2）Compound Sentence（3）Complex Sentence（4

5、）Compound-Complex Sentence,simple,compound,complex,Unit I:Types of English Sentences,indicative（陈述）,interrogative（疑问）,imperative（祈使）,explanative（感叹）,loose,periodic,parallel,Structure,Function,Rhetoric,Length,short,long,Classification,（1）Simple Sentences,A sentence that contains only one subject and

6、predicate is called a simple sentence.But sometimes a sentence can contain two or more parallel subjects or predicates,and it is still a simple sentence.The mother is dressing her baby.Her speech and performance moved the audience.He is reading and writing at the same time.My friends and I often pla

7、y golf and go bowling on holidays.假日里我和朋友们经常去打高尔夫球和保龄球。,How to write a simple sentence,1）Define a simple sentence.The simple sentence is the most basic of the sentences.It includes a subject,a verb,and it expresses a complete thought.This is known as an independent clause,because it can stand on its

8、 own.,How to write a simple sentence,2）Make simple sentences a bit more informative.You can add direct objects and indirect objects to simple sentences to add more information.Here is an example:Janet writes romance novels.,How to write a simple sentence,3）Try writing a simple sentence.When you begi

9、n to write your own simple sentence,begin with the subject.Think about what the sentence is going to be about.Next,choose your verb.To do this,think about what the subject of your sentence is doing.Is the subject walking,running,reading,sitting,cooking,or something else?,How to write a simple senten

10、ce,4）Pay attention to singular and plural subjects and verbs.When choosing your subject and verb,make sure that the two words agree in number.The rule is that a singular subject needs a singular verb,and plural subjects need plural verbs.（1）A singular subject and verb looks like this:My son is a doc

11、tor.（2）A plural subject and verb looks like this:My sons are doctors.,（2）Compound sentences,A sentence that contains two or more subject-predicate structures that are not subject to each other is called a parallel sentence.In the sense,each clause is equally important and related;In the grammatical

12、structure,they are parallel and have no affiliation with each other.,（2）Compound sentences,Examples of compound sentences:Love and youll be loved.Be modest,or you will lag behind.Honesty is a virtue while greed is an evil.Either you must improve your work or we shall dismiss you.Pip is not only a te

13、acher;he also treats us like a friend.,（2）Compound sentences,I like tea,and he likes coffee.Be quick or you will be late.Frank wanted to go swimming,but Mary decided to go shopping.Jane works at the Family Planning Clinic and her husband Smith does research work for the same unit.Punctuation is impo

14、rtant;therefore,dont forget to use comma before the coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence.标点很重要,所以不要忘记在并列句的并列连词前加逗号。,（2）Compound sentences,Make sentences with the following coordinating conjunction:表递进关系：and,not onlybut also,neithernor,not but选择关系：or,eitheror,otherwise,whether.or 转折对比关系:bu

15、t,yet,whereas,while,still因果关系：so,for并列关系：and,whenbothand,as well as,besides,furthermore,moreover.,（3）Complex sentences,A sentence constructed by a main clause and at least one clause is called a compound sentence.In a complex sentence,the main sentence is the main part of the entire sentence.The clause is only one component of the entire sentence and can not exist independently.It is subordinate to the main sentence in the synta