Unit-1-Types-of-Sentences--句子类型PPT文档格式.pptx

Unit-1-Types-of-Sentences--句子类型PPT文档格式.pptx

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Identifydifferentbasicclausetypes;

Expandorcombinesimplesentencesintocompound,complexorcompound-complexsentences.,WhytolearnEnglishwriting?

Readingmakesafullman,conferenceareadyman,andwritinganexactman.FrancisBacon,Britishphilosopher阅读使人充实，讨论使人机敏，写作使人严谨。

英国哲学家F培根,Whatisasentence?

Asentenceisagroupofwordshavingasubjectandpredicateandgivingacompletethought.Acompletesentencehasasubjectandpredicate,andcanoftenbecomposedofmorethanoneclause.Agrammaticallycompletesentenceisonethatcontainsatleastasubjectandapredicate（谓语）orfinite（限定）verb;

iftheverbistransitive,theremustbeanobject;

iftheverbisalink-verb,theremustbeapredicative（表语）orcomplement（补语）.,Basiccharacteristicsofasentence,Whatarebasiccharacteristicsofasentence?

Usealoneinlanguagecommunication;

Toexpressarelativelycompletemeaning;

Ingeneral,verbsarethecore.Withoutverbs,sentencesarenotpossible;

Capitalizeatthebeginningandendwithacertainpunctuationmark.,1.Accordingtogrammaticalstructure,Accordingtogrammaticalstructure,sentencesareclassifiedas:

（1）SimpleSentence

（2）CompoundSentence（3）ComplexSentence（4）Compound-ComplexSentence,simple,compound,complex,UnitI:

TypesofEnglishSentences,indicative（陈述）,interrogative（疑问）,imperative（祈使）,explanative（感叹）,loose,periodic,parallel,Structure,Function,Rhetoric,Length,short,long,Classification,

（1）SimpleSentences,Asentencethatcontainsonlyonesubjectandpredicateiscalledasimplesentence.Butsometimesasentencecancontaintwoormoreparallelsubjectsorpredicates,anditisstillasimplesentence.Themotherisdressingherbaby.Herspeechandperformancemovedtheaudience.Heisreadingandwritingatthesametime.MyfriendsandIoftenplaygolfandgobowlingonholidays.假日里我和朋友们经常去打高尔夫球和保龄球。

Howtowriteasimplesentence,1）Defineasimplesentence.Thesimplesentenceisthemostbasicofthesentences.Itincludesasubject,averb,anditexpressesacompletethought.Thisisknownasanindependentclause,becauseitcanstandonitsown.,Howtowriteasimplesentence,2）Makesimplesentencesabitmoreinformative.Youcanadddirectobjectsandindirectobjectstosimplesentencestoaddmoreinformation.Hereisanexample:

Janetwritesromancenovels.,Howtowriteasimplesentence,3）Trywritingasimplesentence.Whenyoubegintowriteyourownsimplesentence,beginwiththesubject.Thinkaboutwhatthesentenceisgoingtobeabout.Next,chooseyourverb.Todothis,thinkaboutwhatthesubjectofyoursentenceisdoing.Isthesubjectwalking,running,reading,sitting,cooking,orsomethingelse?

Howtowriteasimplesentence,4）Payattentiontosingularandpluralsubjectsandverbs.Whenchoosingyoursubjectandverb,makesurethatthetwowordsagreeinnumber.Theruleisthatasingularsubjectneedsasingularverb,andpluralsubjectsneedpluralverbs.

（1）Asingularsubjectandverblookslikethis:

Mysonisadoctor.

（2）Apluralsubjectandverblookslikethis:

Mysonsaredoctors.,

（2）Compoundsentences,Asentencethatcontainstwoormoresubject-predicatestructuresthatarenotsubjecttoeachotheriscalledaparallelsentence.Inthesense,eachclauseisequallyimportantandrelated;

Inthegrammaticalstructure,theyareparallelandhavenoaffiliationwitheachother.,

（2）Compoundsentences,Examplesofcompoundsentences:

Loveandyoullbeloved.Bemodest,oryouwilllagbehind.Honestyisavirtuewhilegreedisanevil.Eitheryoumustimproveyourworkorweshalldismissyou.Pipisnotonlyateacher;

healsotreatsuslikeafriend.,

（2）Compoundsentences,Iliketea,andhelikescoffee.Bequickoryouwillbelate.Frankwantedtogoswimming,butMarydecidedtogoshopping.JaneworksattheFamilyPlanningClinicandherhusbandSmithdoesresearchworkforthesameunit.Punctuationisimportant;

therefore,dontforgettousecommabeforethecoordinatingconjunctioninacompoundsentence.标点很重要,所以不要忘记在并列句的并列连词前加逗号。

（2）Compoundsentences,Makesentenceswiththefollowingcoordinatingconjunction:

表递进关系：

and,notonlybutalso,neithernor,notbut选择关系：

or,eitheror,otherwise,whether.or转折对比关系:

but,yet,whereas,while,still因果关系：

so,for并列关系：

and,whenbothand,aswellas,besides,furthermore,moreover.,（3）Complexsentences,Asentenceconstructedbyamainclauseandatleastoneclauseiscalledacompoundsentence.Inacomplexsentence,themainsentenceisthemainpartoftheentiresentence.Theclauseisonlyonecomponentoftheentiresentenceandcannotexistindependently.Itissubordinatetothemainsentenceinthesynta