句子成分结构分析文档格式.doc

1、7.Who teaches you maths,Xiao Hua? 8.This story happened in London.9.The rich should help the poor.10. This weekend,some of us are going to have a picnic with the teachers. 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。根据各个部分在句子中所起的作用分别称为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体。只要含有主语和谓语的语言片段就构成句子,这是英语的一大特点。1.主语（Subject）:主语是句子的主体部分,是说明的

2、对象,是动作的执行者或发出者。主语通常由名词、代词以及动词-ing形式等充当。例如:The students are listening to me carefully.They want to learn English well.But learning English well isnt easy,of course,not very difficult.同学们在认真听我讲课。他们想学好英语,但是,学好英语并不容易,当然,也不很难。2.谓语（Predicate）:谓语用来说明主语的状态或行为动作。由于谓语部分在英语中的形式多种多样,不同于汉语中的谓语,要准确无误地灵活运用英语,就必须攻克

3、谓语关。（1）简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。He practises running every morning. 他每天早上练习跑步。（2）复合谓语:由情态动词、be动词或其他助动词加动词原形或动词的其他形式构成。You may keep the book for two weeks. 这本书你可借两周。The students are playing basketball. 学生们在打篮球。由系动词加表语构成。例如:We are students. 我们是学生。.指出下列句子中的主语和谓语（画线部分）1.He has become more and more interested i

4、n English. 2.The living should go on with his work. 3.He practises speaking English every morning.4.The child has been brought up by his grandmother.5.To see is to believe.6.It is necessary to help him out.7.He looked after the children carefully.8.Four plus Four is eight. 9.He can speak English ver

5、y well. 10.Playing football in the street is dangerous.二、宾语、表语1.They visited an exhibition yesterday.2.The heavy rain prevented me from arriving at school on time.3.How many dictionaries do you have?I have five. 4.I enjoy listening to popular music.5.She looks unhappy today.6.He often went hungry in

6、 the past.7.His job is to teach English. 8.Time is up.The class is over.9.He remained in poor health all those years.10.These apples taste sweet.1.宾语（Object）:宾语表示动作的对象或承受者,一般位于及物动词（短语）和介词后面。He is going to buy a dictionary. 他打算买本字典。We should learn from him.我们应向他学习。 宾语种类:（1）双宾语:间接宾语+直接宾语,间接宾语一般指人,直接宾语

7、一般指物。Lend me your dictionary,please. 把你的词典借给我用一用。（2）复合宾语:宾语+宾补。They elected him their monitor. 他们选他为班长。2.表语（Predicative）:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及从句充当。Our teacher of English is an American. 我们的英语老师是美国人。Is it yours? 那是你的吗?T

8、he weather has turned cold. 天气已变冷。.指出下列句子中的宾语和表语（画线部分）1.His job is to train swimmers.2.He seems interested in the plan.3.He handed me the newspaper.4.The war was over. 5.The window is broken.三、定语、状语、补语1.China is a developing country,while America is a developed country. 2.He is reading an article ab

9、out how to learn English.3.The boy who is shouting there is her brother.4.Light travels most quickly.5.He has lived in the city for ten years.6.He goes to school by bus.7.In order to catch up with the others,I must work harder.8.Dont leave the window open.9.I heard him go out.10.His father named him

10、 Dong Ming.1.定语（Attribute）:定语起修饰限制名词或代词的作用,可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词（短语）或句子充当。Dalian is a beautiful city. 大连是一个美丽的城市。 Is there any difference between spoken English and written English? 英语口语和书面语之间有什么不同吗? I have a lot of homework to do. 我有许多作业要做。2.状语（Adverbial）:状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征。可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、伴随、条件、程度、让步、频率等。Im very pleased t