京剧英文介绍 PPTPPT格式课件下载.pptx

1、,CONTENTS,、History&#Status、Stylizedaction、Skill&#Roles、Facialmakeup,Beijin g Opera,Part one,Beijin g Opera,History&#Status,history,Beijin g Opera,Knownas Chinas national opera,Beijing Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces.During th

2、e reign of the Qianlong emperor in the Qing dynasty,Qianlong hadinterest in the local opera.In 1790,to celebrate his eightieth birthday,he summoned opera troupes（戏 班）from different places to perform for him in Beijing.Four famous troupes from Anhui province remained in Beijing afterthe celebration.I

3、n 1828,a Hubei troupe came to Beijing and often performed together with the Anhui troupes.The two types of singing mixed together and gradually a new type came into being known as Beijing Opera.,status,Beijin g Opera,Beijing Opera is the most influential and representative of all operas in China.It

4、has a history of more than 200 years.It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world.Beijing Opera is a harmonious combination of many art forms.It is a synthesis of traditional music,dancing,poetry,acrobatics（杂技）and martial（尚武的）arts.It is famous for its exquisite costume

5、s,beautiful make-up or painted face,and established performing conventions and rules.,Stylized（程式化的）action,Part two,Beijin g Opera,Beijin g Opera,Beijing opera recreates settings and props（道具）through the use of mimed（模拟）gestures and actions.The stage has no real door,carriage,boat,mountain or horse;

6、#hence the actors will mime the action of opening the door,entering through the door,getting on a carriage,rowing a boat,climbing up a mountain and riding a horse.For example,the hands showing the action of holding a rein means the actor is riding a horse,the act of opening a door means just that an

7、d walking round the stage in one circle means a long journey.,Skill&#Roles,Part three,Beijin g Opera,Skill,That is,sing（唱）,read（念）,do（做）and fight（打）.,Beijin g Opera,Sheng,Jing,RolesDan,Male role,Female role,Painted face male role,Clown role,Beijin g OperaChou,The roles on the Chinese opera stage fal

8、l into four categories Sheng,Dan,Jing and Chou.These roles have the natural features of age andsex,as well as social status,and are artificially exaggerated by makeup,costume andgestures.,Sheng,The Lao sheng is a dignified（庄重的）older role.These characters have a gentle and cultivated,disposition and

9、wear sensible costumes.,Young male characters are known as Xiao sheng.These characters sing in a high,shrill voice with occasional breaks to represent the voice changing period of adolescence.The Wu sheng is a martial（尚武的）character for roles involving combat.They are highly trained in acrobatics（杂 技

10、）,and have a natural voice when singing.,Beijin g,Opera,Dan,Qing yi（青衣）,Wu dan（武旦）,Lao dan,Hua dan（花旦）,The Dan refers to any female role in Beijing Opera.Dan roles were originally divided into four types.Virtuous（道德高尚的）and elite women,were Qing yi,martial women were,（老旦）Wu dan,old women were Lao dan

11、,and vivacious（活泼的）and unmarried women were Hua dan.,Beijin g Opera,Zheng jing（正净）,Jing,Fu jing（副净）,Wu jing（武净）,The Jing is a painted face male role.Depending on the repertoire,（全,部剧目）of the particular troupe,he will play either primary or secondary roles.This type of role will entail a forceful cha

12、racter,so a Jing must have a strong voice and be able to exaggerate gestures.,Beijin g Opera,Chou,Wen Chou（文丑）,Wu chou（武丑）,The Chou is a male clown role.The Chou usually plays secondly roles in a troupe.Indeed,most studies of Beijing opera classify the Chou as a minor role.,Chou roles can be divided

13、 into Wen chou,civilian roles such as merchants and jailers（狱卒）,and Wu chou,minor military roles.,Beijin g Opera,Facial makeup,Part four,Beijin g Opera,Beijingopera types,Beijin,g,of facial makeup in operaOsperaBeijing opera types of facial makeup in operas,is a special feature of a national cosmeti

14、c.As each historical figure or a certain type of person has an approximate spectral type,like sing,play music to the music,so called“types of facial makeup in operas”.On the types of facial makeup in operas sources,the general view is from mask.Beijing opera types of facial makeup in operas are base

15、d on certain personality,temperament or some special types of figures for the use of certain colors.,Black faces,usually have neutral meanings,symbolizing just brave criticized integrity andeven reckless,however,they can also signifies uprightness.,Redfaces have positive meanings,symbolizing loyal,b

16、rave,faithful and wise men,such as Guan Yu.,Beijin g Opera,（凶狠残暴）,Yellowsignifies vicious brutality such as Dian Wei.,Whitefaces have negative meanings that symbolizetreacherous奸诈,insidious阴险andcrafty狡猾men,such as Cao cao.Purpleis a positive color,which signifies wisdom and bravery.,Beijin g Opera,Blueorgreenhave neutral meanings that symbolize the hero of the bush,with the former also hinting at strength and intrepidity（无畏）.,Goldandsilver faces symbolize mysteriousness,and stand for monsters or gods