2018人教版英语八年级下册第四单元知识点讲解与单元测试卷Word格式.docx

1、2. I got into a fight withmy best friend. （P. 25）get into a fight with sb.意为“和某人打架”，相当于 have a fight with sb.或者 fight with sb.。 He got drunk and got into a fight with Jim.3. Whats wrong? （P. 25）Whats wrong?意为“怎么了？”，用来询问对方有什么问题或者不顺心的事，Whats wrong with.? 意为“怎么了？” ，后接 sb.或者 sth.，用来询问某人或者某物怎么了？-Whats wr

2、ong with you, Jim?-I left my umbrella on the bus. Whats wrong with your teeth?【拓展】询问“怎么了？”，主要有以下几种句型：Whats wrong （with sb./sth.）? Whats the matter （with sb./sth.）? Whats the trouble （with sb./sth.）? Whats up （with sb./sth.）?4. Im really tired because I studied untilmidnight last night. （P. 25）until

3、表示“直到”和延续性动词动词连用，意为一个动作一直持续到某个点为止；同短暂性行动连用时，用于“not.until”结构中，表示“直到才”。第1 页1 页共The boy waited in the school until his father came to pick him up. The workers wont leave until they get their salary.5. Why dont yougo to sleep earlier this evening?Why dont you do sth.?意为“你为什么不做某事”，常用来向对方提出意见，相当于 Why not

4、do sth.?。肯定回答用 Good idea./Good./All right./Sure.等；否定回答用 No, I dont think so./Sorry, I cant.等。-Why dont you go sleeping with us?-Good idea.6. Well, I foundmy sister looking throughmy things yesterday. （P. 26）（1） find sb. doing sth.表示“发现某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在进行。 Tom found a man stealing something when he was

5、 in the supermarket yesterday.（2） look through 意为“快速查看、浏览”。It is a good habit to look through newspapers every day.【拓展】look 的相关短语look forward to 盼望、期待look up 查阅look into 调查look after 照看7. Althoughshe s wrong, its not a big deal. （P. 26）（1） although 是连词，意为“虽然、即使”，相当于 though，引导让步状语从句。 Although/Though

6、my grandma is old, she is very healthy.（2） its not a big deal 意为“没什么大不了、不是什么大事”。Change the time of the meeting. Its not a big deal.8. Hope things work out. （P. 26）work out 此处表示“成功地发展”，后常跟 fine, well, badly 等词，表示产生的结果如何；此外 work out还可以表示“解决、制定出”。Everything is working out well.The math problem is diffi

7、cult for me to work out. I have worked out a new way of doing it.9. My problem is that I cant get on withmy family. （P. 27）2 页2 页get on with 意为“和睦相处”，后接人作宾语，相当于 get along with。 The new teacher is getting on/along with the students.【拓展】get on/along with sth.意为“在方面取得进展” How are you getting on with you

8、r essay?10. When they argue, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. （P. 27）argue 用作动词，表示“争吵”，argue with sb.“与某人争吵”；argue about sth.“就某事争论”。 Mary often argues with her mother about which clothes to wear.They were arguing about the matter again.11. Also, my elderbrother is not very nice to

9、 me. （P. 27）elder 用作形容词，意为“年纪较长的”，反义词是 younger。 His elder brother is ill.【拓展】elder 和 older 的区别elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹以及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语；older 泛指新旧、老幼或者年龄大小的关系，可以用作表语或者定语。12. He always refusesto let me watch my favorite TV show. （P. 27）refuse 表示“拒绝”时，后常接名词或者动词不定式作宾语。The girl refused the offer from Oxford Unive

10、rsity. Most of the residents refused to move away from here.13. Insteadhe watches whateverhe wants until late at night. （P. 27）（1） instead 是副词，用于句尾，在句中作状语；instead of 是介词短语，用于句中，后接名词、代词或动名词。He will be on duty instead of me tomorrow.They didnt go swimming. They went to play football instead.（2） whatev

11、er 表示“无论什么、不管什么”，引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what。 Whatever difficulties he may meet, he will overcome them.14. If you parents are having problems, you should offerto help. （P. 27）offer 表示“提供”时，作双宾语动词，常用的结构为：offer sb. sth.相当于 offer sth. to sb.“为某人提供某物”。The restaurant offers free coffee to customers.3 页3

12、页=The restaurant offers customers free coffee.offer to do sth. “主动提出做某事”The kind man offered to help the old lady across the road.15. Secondly, why dont you sit down and communicatewith your brother? （P. 27）（1） secondly 用作副词，意为“第二、其次”，常与 firstly, thirdly 或者 lastly/finally 等表示顺序先后的词，表示列举某些事实。Firstly,

13、 they are not efficient, and secondly, they are expensive to make.（2） communicate with sb.表示“与某人交流”People can communicate with each other freely on the Internet.16. You should explainthat you don t mindhim watching TV all the time. （P. 27）（1） explain 表示“解释”，后常接名词作宾语，explain sth. to sb.意为“向某人解释某事”。 T

14、he teacher explained the answer to the question to his students again and again.（2） mind 的用法：mind doing sth. 介意做某事Would you mind opening the window please?mind sb s/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事Do you mind my/me calling you at night?17. My cousins borrow my things without returningthem. （P. 28）return 此处用作及物动词，表示“归还”，相当于 give back，return sth. to sb.=return sb. sth.。 Im going to return this book to the library.18. Your best friend does nottrust you anymore. （P. 28）not.anymore 相当于 not.any mo