湖南农业大学811综合知识外国语言学及应用语言学专业考研初试真题Word格式.docx

1、1. 所有答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题纸上一律无效； 2. 按试题顺序答题，在答题纸上标明题目序号。Section A: Linguistics （55points） I. Define FIVE of the following terms. （10 points，2 points each ）1. applied linguistics2. cultural transmission3. assimilation rule4 category5. naming theory6. homonymy7. language acquisitionII. Fill in each blank w

2、ith a suitable term, with some of the initial letters given . （10 points, 1 point each）1. Language, broadly speaking, is a means of v _ communication. 2. Linguistic p_ is similar to Saussures langue and Chomskys competence.3.The predication of the sentence “Helen cries” is said to consist of the a_

3、“HELEN” and the predicate “CRY”, and the predication can be written as HELEN （CRY）.4. All vowel sounds are v_, while consonant sounds can be either v _ or v_.5. The phrase “on the shelf” belongs to _construction, the opposite of endocentric construction.6.Conceptualists maintain that there is no dir

4、ect link between linguistic and what it refers to. This is best illustrated by the classic Semantic _ by Ogden and Richards.7.According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _.8. Toms utterance in the following conversatio

5、n exchange violates the maxim of _. Bob: Who was that you were with last night? Tom: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?III. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T for true and F for false. （15 points，1.5 points each ）1. Narrow transcription is the transc

6、ription normally used in dictionaries and textbooks for general purposes. 2. Both phonology and phonetics are concerned with the same aspects of language _ the speech sounds, but they differ in their approach and focus.3. Such “grammatical ”. or “functional” words as conjunctions and prepositions ar

7、e called open class words.4. Hyponymy refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word.5. Predication analysis is a way to analyze lexical meaning. 6. Speech act theory proposed by John Austin is an important theory in pragmatic study of language. 7.

8、Acronyms are words formed by combining parts of other words.8. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a register.9. Historical linguistics equals to the study of synchronic study. 10. The word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.IV. Choose FIVE of

9、the following questions to answer. （20 points，4 points each）1. What do you think is the difference between sentence meaning and utterance meaning ? 2. What do you think of the relatedness between language and society?3. Make your own comments on the relationship between language and culture.4.Do you

10、 think Black English is an illogical and inferior variety of English? Why （not）?5. What is a semantic field? Can you illustrate it?6. Make a comment on ONE of the following linguists contribution to linguistic study: （1） Hallidays; （2） Bloomfields; （3）Hymes; （4）Wang Lis（王力）7. What do you think of Kr

11、ashens Input Hypothesis?Section B: Translation （60 points）I. Translate the following into Chinese （30 points）THREE DAYS TO SEEHelen KellerAll of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes as short as twenty four hours. But always we were

12、 interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak, of course, of free man who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited. Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circ

13、umstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets? Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitud

14、e would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epic

15、urean motto of Eat, drink, and be merry, but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life. The same lethargy, I am afraid, characteri