湖南农业大学811综合知识外国语言学及应用语言学专业考研初试真题Word格式.docx

湖南农业大学811综合知识外国语言学及应用语言学专业考研初试真题Word格式.docx

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1.所有答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题纸上一律无效；

2.按试题顺序答题，在答题纸上标明题目序号。

SectionA:

Linguistics（55points）

I.DefineFIVEofthefollowingterms.（10points，2pointseach）

1.appliedlinguistics

2.culturaltransmission

3.assimilationrule

4category

5.namingtheory

6.homonymy

7.languageacquisition

II.Fillineachblankwithasuitableterm,withsomeoftheinitiallettersgiven.（10points,1pointeach）

1.Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansofv_________communication.

2.Linguisticp_________issimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’scompetence.

3.Thepredicationofthesentence“Helencries”issaidtoconsistofthea_______“HELEN”andthepredicate“CRY”,andthepredicationcanbewrittenasHELEN（CRY）.

4.Allvowelsoundsarev________,whileconsonantsoundscanbeeitherv________orv________.

5.Thephrase“ontheshelf”belongsto___________construction,theoppositeofendocentricconstruction.

6.Conceptualistsmaintainthatthereisnodirectlinkbetweenlinguisticandwhatitrefersto.ThisisbestillustratedbytheclassicSemantic_________byOgdenandRichards.

7.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled________.

8.Tom’sutteranceinthefollowingconversationexchangeviolatesthemaximof______.

Bob:

Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight?

Tom:

Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?

III.Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.WriteTfortrueandFforfalse.（15points，1.5pointseach）

1.Narrowtranscriptionisthetranscriptionnormallyusedindictionariesandtextbooksforgeneralpurposes.

2.Bothphonologyandphoneticsareconcernedwiththesameaspectsoflanguage___thespeechsounds,buttheydifferintheirapproachandfocus.

3.Such“grammatical”.or“functional”wordsasconjunctionsandprepositionsarecalledopenclasswords.

4.Hyponymyreferstothesenserelationbetweenamoregeneral,moreinclusivewordandamorespecificword.

5.Predicationanalysisisawaytoanalyzelexicalmeaning.

6.SpeechacttheoryproposedbyJohnAustinisanimportanttheoryinpragmaticstudyoflanguage.

7.Acronymsarewordsformedbycombiningpartsofotherwords.

8.Thetypeoflanguagewhichisselectedasappropriatetothetypeofsituationisaregister.

9.Historicallinguisticsequalstothestudyofsynchronicstudy.

10.Theword“photographically”ismadeupof4morphemes..

IV.ChooseFIVEofthefollowingquestionstoanswer.（20points，4pointseach）

1.Whatdoyouthinkisthedifferencebetweensentencemeaningandutterancemeaning?

2.Whatdoyouthinkoftherelatednessbetweenlanguageandsociety?

3.Makeyourowncommentsontherelationshipbetweenlanguageandculture.

4.DoyouthinkBlackEnglishisanillogicalandinferiorvarietyofEnglish?

Why（not）?

5.Whatisasemanticfield?

Canyouillustrateit?

6.MakeacommentonONEofthefollowinglinguists’contributiontolinguisticstudy:

（1）Halliday’s;

（2）Bloomfield’s;

（3）Hymes’;

（4）WangLi’s（王力）

7.WhatdoyouthinkofKrashen’sInputHypothesis?

SectionB:

Translation（60points）

I.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese（30points）

THREEDAYSTOSEE

HelenKeller

Allofushavereadthrillingstoriesinwhichtheherohadonlyalimitedandspecifiedtimetolive.Sometimesasshortastwentyfourhours.Butalwayswewereinterestedindiscoveringjusthowthedoomedmanchosetospendhislastdaysorhislasthours.Ispeak,ofcourse,offreemanwhohaveachoice,notcondemnedcriminalswhosesphereofactivitiesisstrictlydelimited.

Suchstoriessetusthinking,wonderingwhatweshoulddoundersimilarcircumstances.Whatevents,whatexperiences,whatassociationsshouldwecrowdintothoselasthoursasmortalbeings?

Whathappinessshouldwefindinreviewingthepast,whatregrets?

SometimesIhavethoughtitwouldbeanexcellentruletoliveeachdayasifweshoulddietomorrow.Suchanattitudewouldemphasizesharplythevaluesoflife.Weshouldliveeachdaywithagentleness,avigor,andakeennessofappreciationwhichareoftenlostwhentimestretchesbeforeusintheconstantpanoramaofmoredaysandmonthsandyearstocome.Therearethose,ofcourse,whowouldadopttheepicureanmottoof'

Eat,drink,andbemerry,'

butmostpeoplewouldbechastenedbythecertaintyofimpendingdeath.

Mostofus,however,takelifeforgranted.Weknowthatonedaywemustdie,butusuallywepicturethatdayasfarinthefuture.Whenweareinbuoyanthealth,deathisallbutunimaginable.Weseldomthinkofit.Thedaysstretchoutinanendlessvista.Sowegoaboutourpettytasks,hardlyawareofourlistlessattitudetowardlife.

Thesamelethargy,Iamafraid,characteri