四级全真押题.docx

1、四级全真押题四级 段落翻译注意：红色与蓝色字部分表示同等意思1、烟花很多人将烟花(fireworks)和节庆联系起来。放烟花是中国庆祝新年重要的一部分。在中国传统文化中，烟花被用以驱赶邪恶的鬼魂。烟花在中国的发展历史悠久，其发明可以追溯到2000年前。传说有个厨师在烹饪时偶然弄出了有趣的火花，通过数代中国人的努力，最终把烟花发展了起来。如今，由于燃放烟花污染环境，环保烟花的研究和开发已经展开。Many people associate fireworks with festivals and celebrations. Fireworks are an important part of Ch

2、inese New Year celebration. In traditional Chinese culture, fireworks are used to drive away evil spirits. The development of fireworks in China is a long story dating back to more than 2,000 years ago. A legend tells of a cook who accidentally produced an interesting flame when cooking. Finally fir

3、eworks were developed through the efforts of generations of Chinese people. Nowadays, because fireworks pollute the environment, the research and development of environment-friendly fireworks are on the go. 烟花：Many people associate fireworks with festivals and celebrations. Fireworks are an importan

4、t part of Chinese New Year celebration. In traditional Chinese culture, fireworks are used to drive away evil spirits. The development of fireworks in China is a long story dating back to more than 2,000 years ago. A legend tells of a cook who accidentally produced an interesting flame when cooking.

5、 Finally fireworks were developed through the efforts of generations of Chinese people. Nowadays, because fireworks pollute the environment, the research and development of environment-friendly fireworks are on the go. 扩展Associate n.同事，伙伴；关联的事物 vt.联想；使联合 vi. 交往；结交 adj.副的；联合的 Evil adj.邪恶的；不幸的；有害的；讨厌的

6、 n.罪恶，邪恶；不幸 Spirits n. 态度（spirit的复数）；精力 v. 使振作（spirit的第三人称单数形式）Spirit n.精神；心灵；情绪；志气；烈酒 vt.鼓励；鼓舞；诱拐Legend n.传奇；说明；图例；刻印文字Accident n.事故；意外 Accidental adj.意外的；偶然的 accidentally adv.意外地；偶然地produced v. 产生；制造（produce的过去式和过去分词）；创作 adj. 引长的；畸形地伸长的Product n.产品；结果 Production n.成果；产品；生产；作品 Productions 产量Produce

7、 n.农产品，作品 vt.生产；引起；创作Flame n.火焰；热情；光辉Pollute vt.污染；玷污；败坏 polluted adj.受污染的；被玷污的2、中国结中国结(Chinese knot)是中国文化的典型代表之一。中国结源于古代，当时人们用系结的方式来记事，在唐宋时期(the Tang and Song Dynasties) 逐渐发展成为一种饰品，并在明清时期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)开始盛行至今。中国结象征着团结、友谊、和平、热情和爱情等。制作中国结的材料多种多样，如棉线、丝绸、尼龙(nylon)、皮革，甚至是一些贵重金属。如今，中国结在世界各地

8、广受欢迎。Chinese knot is one of the typical symbols of Chinese culture. It appeared in ancient times when people tied knots to keep records. It developed gradually as a type of decoration during the Tang and Song Dynasties, and prevailed from the Ming and Qing Dynasties up to now. Chinese knot means reu

9、nion, friendship, peace, warmth, and love, etc. Materials used to make the knots are various, such as cotton, silk, nylon, leather and even precious metals. Today, Chinese knot is popular in many parts of the world.中国结：Chinese knot is one of the typical symbols of Chinese culture. It appeared in anc

10、ient times when people tied knots to keep records. It developed gradually as a type of decoration during the Tang and Song Dynasties, and prevailed from the Ming and Qing Dynasties up to now. Chinese knot means reunion, friendship, peace, warmth, and love, etc. Materials used to make the knots are v

11、arious, such as cotton, silk, nylon, leather and even precious metals. Today, Chinese knot is popular in many parts of the world.扩展Typical adj.典型的；特有的；象征性的Symbol n.象征；符号；标志Appeared v.出现；发表Ancient adj.古代的；古老的；过时的；年老的 ancients 古人Knot n.绳子的结；疙瘩；海里/小时Knots n. 结；结头；要点（knot的复数） v. 打结；使纠结（knot的第三人称单数）Recor

12、d n.档案；唱片；最高纪录 v.记录；记载；录音 adj.创纪录的Decorative adj.装饰性的；装潢用的 decoration n.装饰；装饰品；奖章Prevalence n.流行；普遍；广泛Prevail vi.盛行，流行；战胜，获胜Reunion n.重聚Warm adj.温暖的；热情的 Warmth n.温暖；热情；激动Material n.材料，原料；物资；布料 adj.重要的；物质的，实质性的；肉体的 Various adj.各种各样的；多方面的Cotton n.棉花；棉布；棉线 vi.一致；理解；和谐；亲近 adj.棉的；棉制的Silk n.丝绸；蚕丝；丝织物 vi.处

13、于长须阶段 adj.丝的；丝绸的；丝制的 Nylon n.尼龙，尼龙袜Leather n.皮革；皮革制品 vt.用皮革包盖；抽打 adj.皮的；皮革制的 Precious adj.宝贵的；珍贵的；矫揉造作的Metal n.金属；合金 vi.以金属覆盖 adj.金属制的 3、汉语汉语是一种很古老的语言。大量文献记载说明，汉字起源于新石器时代 （the Neolithic Age） 仰韶文化时期，最早的汉字已有近4000年的历史。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化出不同的书写形式，例如篆书、隶书、楷书、和行书。中国书法家笔下的汉字往往以字形的夸张取得艺术效果，例如一些旅游胜地的石刻碑文。Chinese i

14、s a very old language. A host of documental records shows that Chinese characters originated in Yangshao Culture Period of the Neolithic Age, and its earliest characters date back to nearly 4,000 years ago. During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different

15、 script forms, such as seal script, official script, regular script and cursive handwriting. Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in a way that is exaggerated in form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen at some tourist resorts.扩展Document n.文件，公

16、文 vt.用文件证明 Documental adj. 文件的，公文的 Character n.性格，品质；特性；角色；字符 v.印，刻；使具有特征Original n.原件；原作；原物；原型 adj.原始，最初的；独创的；新颖的 originate vt.引起；创作 vi. 发源；发生；起航Period n.周期,期间；时期；月经；课时 adj.某一时代的Neolithic adj.早先的Evolve vt.发展，进化Script n.脚本；手迹 v.写电影脚本；把.改成剧本Seal n.密封；印章；海豹；标志 v.密封；盖章；猎海豹Official n.官员；公务员 adj.官方的；正式的；

17、公务的Cursive n.草书 adj.草书的；草书体的Calligraphy n.书法；笔迹Calligrapher n. 书法家Render n.打底；交纳；粉刷 v.致使；提出；实施；以.回报；给予补偿Exaggerate vi.夸大；夸张 vt.使扩大；使增大Yield n.产量；收益 v.屈服；投降；出产；放弃Inscription n.题词；铭文；刻印Resort n. 凭借，手段；度假胜地；常去之地 vi. 求助；常去；采取某手段或方法Resorts n. 度假村；度假胜地（resort复数） v. 诉诸（resort的第三人称单数） 4、过年在从前的农业社会里，中国人最重要的节

18、日就是过年。对过去的一年来说，这是结束；对未来的一年来说，这是开始。一进入腊月，街头巷尾就充满了过年的气氛，这种气氛要持续一个半月之久。大家不仅借着各种游乐节目来调剂一年来的辛劳，同时也在游乐中流露着一种乐观进取的精神。过年时，每家门上都贴上了春联，耀眼的红纸增加了人们的喜气，优美的字句提供了勉励。In Chinas formerly agricultural society ,Spring Festival was the most important holiday. It was the end of the previous year and the beginning of the

19、next. When the twelfth month of the lunar year began, the happiness of new-year celebration pervaded the streets of a month and a half. People sought relief from the previous years weariness with entertainment that focused on optimism and enterprise. New Year scrolls/Spring Festival Couplets were pu

20、t on the doors of every family in Spring Festival: the shiny red scroll increasing happiness and the rhythmic words giving encouragement.扩展Former n.模型，样板；起形成作用的人 adj.从前的，前者的；前任的 formerly adv.以前，原来Agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的Society n.社会；交往；社团；社交界Previous adj,以前的；早先的；过早的 adv.在先；在.以前 Lunar adj.月亮的，月球的；阴历的

21、；银的；微亮的Pervade vt.遍及；弥漫Sought v.寻找Relief n.救济；减轻，解除；安慰Weariness n.疲倦；厌倦Wear n.穿着，磨损，耐久性 v.穿著，用旧，耗损Wearing adj.磨损的；穿用的；令人疲倦的 Entertain vi.款待 vt.娱乐；招待；怀抱；容纳 entertainment n.娱乐；消遣；款待Focused adj. 聚焦的；专心的 v. 聚焦；注视（focus的过去分词）Focus n.焦点；中心；清晰；焦距 v.集中；使集中；使聚焦；调焦距Optimism n.乐观主义Enterprise n.企业；事业；进取心；事业心Scr

22、oll n.卷轴，画卷；名册 v.使成卷形Couplet n.对联；对句Shiny adj.有光泽的，擦亮的；闪耀的；晴朗的；磨损的 Rhythmic n.韵律论 adj.有节奏的；间歇的；合拍的Encourage vt.鼓励；激励；支持 Encouragement n.鼓励5、灯笼灯笼（lantern）又称为灯彩，起源于1800多年前的西汉时期。在古代，灯笼的主要作用是照明。现在，灯笼综合了绘画艺术、剪纸（paper cutting）、纸扎、刺缝（seam）等工艺，已经变成了一种供收藏与欣赏传统工艺品。每逢佳节庆典到处都可以看到灯笼，特别是元宵节和中秋节，人们都挂起象征团圆意义的红灯笼，来制

23、造一种喜庆的氛围。后来在中国灯笼就成了喜庆的象征。Lantern can be called colored/ colorful light，It began in the Western Han Dynasty of 1800 years ago. In the ancient times/ In the past/ In the history of China，lanterns were mainly used for lighting. Now，lantern combines the art of painting，paper cutting，paper works made of

24、paper，and seam. It has become a type of traditional art and craft that can be collected and appreciated. During festivals and celebrations，lanterns are everywhere，specially in the Lantern Festival and Moons Day，people use red lanterns that stand for union. So as to create a happy environment. Afterw

25、ards/ Later，Chinese lanterns became the symbol of happiness.扩展春节 The Spring Festival / Chinese new Day元宵节 Lantern Festival/Festival of Lanterns端午节 Dragon Boat Festival / Dragon Boats Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day / Moons Day国庆节 National Day儿童节 Childrens Day清明节 Tomb-sweeping Day团圆 union / reunionCraft n.工艺；手

26、艺；太空船 vt.精巧地制作Seam n.缝；接缝 vt.缝合；接合；使留下痕迹；裂开；产生裂缝Appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别 Appreciable adj.可感知的；可评估的；相当可观的Appreciative adj.感激的；赏识的；有欣赏力的；承认有价值的Appreciably adv.明显地；相当地；可察觉地Appreciation n.欣赏，鉴别；增值；感谢Atmosphere n.气氛；大气 过去式：atmospheredEnvironment n.环境，外界6、京剧京剧（Peking Opera）已有200多年的历史，是中国的国剧。与其他地方戏相比，京剧享有

27、更高的声誉，但其实京剧融合了很多地方戏的元素。京剧演员的脸谱（facial makeup）和戏服都很精美，相形之下布景则显得十分简单。京剧表演者主要应用四种技能:唱、念、做、打。在古代，京剧大多是在户外演出的，因此演员们形成了一种极具穿透力的唱腔，以便每个人都能听到。Peking opera has a history of more than 200 years. It is the national opera of China / it is one of the most important operas in China .Compared with the local operas

28、 in China.Peking opera is more famous，but in fact /actually is that Peking opera combines the elements of many local operas. Facial makeup and costumes are very beautiful,but background / stage setting is very simple.The Peking Opera actors mainly use four kills ：singing，speaking，acting and fighting

29、. In ancient times/ In the past，Peking Opera was often performed outside the houses，so actors developed a piercing style of singing，so that it could be heard by every one. 扩展Pierce vt.刺穿；洞察；响彻；深深地打动Perform vt.执行；完成；演奏；表演Performed v. 执行，表演（perform的过去分词形式）Piercing adj. 刺穿的；敏锐的；尖刻的；打动人心的 n. 熔化穿孔 v. 刺穿；

30、感动；洞察（pierce的ing形式）Element n.元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境7、纸张纸张发明以前，人们将文字刻在平整的竹片或木片上。由竹片或木片制成的书很笨重，不方便阅读和携带。东汉时期（the Eastern Han Dynasty），蔡伦利用树皮（tree bark）、麻头（hemp）、破布等来造纸，得名“蔡伦纸”。由于轻便价廉，这种纸很快得到推广并取代竹片和木片。随后，中国的造纸术流传至世界各地。造纸术是中国的四大发明之一，是中华民族对世界文明的贡献。Before paper was invented ，people carved words on flat strips

31、of bamboo or wood. Books made of bamboo or wood were heavy, and inconvenient / not easy for reading and carrying. The Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun used materials such as tree bark，hemp and old clothes / broken cloth to make paper.Then，it was called “Cai Lun Paper”.Because it was light / not heavy bu

32、t very cheap，was know as it was used widely，it became popular and replaced bamboo and wood. Then / After that time / Later on，the skill / technique of paper making in china，the method / way to make paper was introduced into countries all over the world. Papermaking is one of the Four Great Inventions in china，it is a great contribution of Chinese to the worlds. / As one of the C