中考专题复习时态2.docx

1、中考专题复习时态2中考专题复习动词（二） 英语时态动词是表示动作（study, find, swim 等）或状态（be, like, feel 等）的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点!动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词四类。一）助动词助动词没有任何含义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be, do, does, did, have, will, shall等。具体用法如下：1、助动词be的用法如下：1）构成各种进行时态。如：It was raini

2、ng all day yesterday.昨天整天下雨。2）构成被动语态。如：The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.会议是昨天下午举行的。3）与不定式连用表示按照计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作。如：They are to see an English film this evening.他们今天晚上看英语电影。2、助动词do的用法如下：1）构成疑问式或否定式。如：Does he think so?I didnt say anything about the result.2)在动词前加上do, does, did表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。如：T

3、hey do study hard.She does love him.He did want to help the old man.3、have: 助动词have 的过去式是had。have和had均可与动词过去分词一起构成完成时态。如：He has lived here for three years.As soon as the sun had set they returned.4、shall, should: 助动词shall只用于第一人称的将来时态；助动词should 是shall的过去式，构成过去将来时。如：I shall send ten letters to my good

4、 friend.She wanted to know if I should go to the palace.二）情态动词三）连词动词的种类联系动词含有一定意义，它们要与其后做表语的形容词、名词或介词（短语）一起构成合成谓语。系动词按意义可分为三类，而且有自己的特定用法。1、按意义联系动词有：be, appear, seem, keep, remain, continue, stay, prove 等，如：Jim appears very old.、表示感觉的联系动词有look, feel, smell, sound, taste等。如：It smells bad.3、表示转变的联系动词有b

5、ecome, fall, get, go, grow, turn等。如： She becomes more beautiful than three years ago.四）行为动词 行为动词又称实义动词，它们都含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓语。行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。、及物动词及物动词后一定要跟宾语，意思才能完整。如：My mother told me she wanted to buy some books for me.2、不及物动词 不及物动词意义完整，不需带宾语，但如果有些不及物动词非要带宾语时，必须先加介词后加宾语。如：He only worried

6、about his daughter.二、动词的时态 动词的时态有很多。初中阶段主要掌握八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。1一般现在时1）一般现在时态的构成：主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况s以s, x, ch, sh或o结尾es以辅音y结尾去y变ies2）一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主 语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I am

7、 a student.We/You/ They are students.He/ She is a student.I / We/ You/ They/ like music.Many people like music.I am not a student.We/You/ They are not students.He/ She is not a student.I / We/ You/ They/ dont like music.Many people dont like music.Are you a student.Are you/ they students?Is he/ she

8、a student?Do you/ they like music?Do many people like music?3）一般现在时态的用法： 现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作 。例如： I get up at six every morning. He plays tennis once a week.现在的状态 例如：My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school.客观真理 例如：The earth goes around the sun.4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语： often usually sometimes alwa

9、ys every day never in the morning 等。1. - May I help you, sir?- Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it _.A. didnt work B. doesnt work C. wont work D. cant work2_ the bus until it _. A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Dont get off, stops D. Dont get off, will stop3The 70-year-ol

10、d man _ exercises in the morning. A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take2. 现在进行时 1）现在进行时的构成：Am/is/ are+ v-ing是现在进行时的构成形式 v-ing现在分词的构成：2) 现在进行时的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：3）现在进行时的用法： 1. 说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。例如： She is having a bath now. 2. 现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）。例如： You are working hard tod

11、ay. Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian. The population of the world is growing very fast.频度副词always, forever等词连用时， 表示某种强烈的感情。如：He is always trying out new ideas. (表示欣赏，表扬)表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 等动词）。如： The party is beginning at 8:00 oclo

12、ck.6) 常用于现在进行时态的时间状语： now 等。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1I dont think that its true. Shes always _ lies. A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told2. How _ you _ with the new job?A. do, do B. do, get along C. are, doing D. are, getting on3- Are these socks yours? - No. Mine _ outside on the clothes line. A. are hangi

13、ng B. have hung C. hang D. hung3一般将来时1）一般将来时的构成： 1. 助动词will(shall)+动词原形 2. am / is / are +going to +动词原形 2）一般将来时的用法： 1将要发生的动作。例如： I will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 2将要存在的状态。例如： This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be? 3打算要做的事。 例如： Are you going to watch the film on television toni

14、ght? 3) 常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrow next week in 2008 等。 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. I_ for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport？A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left2.I_ to see grandma and help her with some housework every week.A. came B. am going come C. come D. wil

15、l come3. We Chinese _ the Olympic Games in 2008.A. held B. shall holding C. are holding D. are going to hold4一般过去时 1）一般过去时的构成： 用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：3）一般过去时的用法：1 过去发生的动作。例如： The police stopped me on my way home last night.2 过去存在的状态。例如：They werent able to come bec

16、ause they were so busy.3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语： yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，often，always等。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1 r. Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be2-Hi, Tom. -Hello, Fancy. I _ you were here. A.dont know B.wont think C. think D. didnt know3He pro

17、mised to tell me by himself when I _.A. come B. would come C. come D. had come5现在完成时1） 现在完成时的构成：have / has + v-ing2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：在完成时的用法：1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连用. 如: She has never read this novel.他从未读过这本小说.(他对小说的内容不了解)2、表示 “过去的动作”一直延续到现在并有可能继

18、续延续下去. 常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如:I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.注：在有for 和since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如： He has died for 3 years.(F)He has been dead for 3 years.(T)注意：现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in 1998, last morning等 h

19、ave/has been to 表示“去过”（去了又回来了） have/has gone to 表示“去过”（去了没回来了） 如：Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在) Where has she been?(句中作指的人在)例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！-How long _ he _ a fever?- Ever since last night.A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have My bowl is empty. Who _ all my soup?A. drinks B. had dru

20、nk C. has drunk D. drank3. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _? A. Didnt seen; did, go B. didnt see; have, gone C. havent seen; have, been D. havent seen; have gone6、过去进行时1）过去进行时的构成： was / were +v-ing2) 过去进行时的用法： 过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。 例如： This time last year I was living in Brazil. What were you do

21、ing at 10 oclock last night?3)常用于过去进行时的时间状语： at four yesterday afternoon，then，at that time/moment 等。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！Daddy promised me he _ me a computer A. was bought B. had bought C bought D. would buy They said they _ do some sports if it was fine.A. were going to B. went C. would going D. were go

22、ing7、过去完成时态1）过去完成时态的构成： 肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词 否定式：hadnt + 动词的过去分词 疑问式：Had + 动词的过去分词 简略回答: Yes, 主 + have/has had. No, 主 + had现在完成时的用法过去完成时的用法：1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 他表示的时间是“过去 的过去 ”常与by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。如： She said she had seen the film 4 times. When Mr Li got to the classroom

23、, all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived, the bus had left.2、表示 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如: She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. He _ in Shanghai University for four years before he _ Beijing.A. studied,

24、had gone B. had studied, wentC. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone 2. Mary said it was at least five years since he _ a good drink.A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy3. Xiao Pei said she _ Hainan for 3 months.A. has been in B. had been in C. had been to D. had gone to.时态

25、综合例题解析：-What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ?-They _ tea in the garden. A. are drinking B. drank C. have drunk D. drink 2. My mother often asks me _early . A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up 3. Soon Wu Dong _ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck. A. taught B. caught C. bought D. brou

26、ght 4. The car _and stopped at the red traffic light. A. got on B. got off C. slowed down D. picked up 5. Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 6. -Do you know _? -Sorry, but if he _ back, I _ you know as soon as possible. A. when will he be back, co

27、mes, will let B. when he will be back, will come, will let C. what time will he be back, will come, let D. what time he will be back, comes, will let 7. We _ to the park if it is fine tomorrow. A. will go B. have gone C. go 8. A new shoe factory will _ in this part of the city. A. be building B. be

28、built C. build 9. -_ all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there. -Ok, Mom. A. Put up B. Put on C. Put down D. Put away 10. - How about going hiking this weekend? - Sorry, I prefer _ rather than _. A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home C. staying at home, go out D. going out, st

29、ay at home 练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！一、选择最佳答案填空(动词及搭配)：1. A policeman saw two thieves _a girls mobile phone on the bus and hecaught them at once.A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the match.Lets _them success.A. wish B.to wish C.hope D.to hope3. He is so ca

30、reless that he always _his school things at home.A. forgets B.forgot C.leaves D.left4. -Who _the computer? I want to use it. -Timmy. He _ it for a week.A. borrowed, has borrowed B.has borrowed, bought C.has borrowed, has kept D.bought, has borrowed5. Look! One of the girls _the door.A. cleans B.is cleaning C.clean D.are cleaning6. If you dont feel well, you may just _.stopped reading B.stop reading C.stopp